Lifespan Exam 3

according to Vygotsky, which of the following would be proper use of scaffolding by a parent?

"ill do the first one"

Andrea and her younger sister were playing with the coins their grandmother had given each of them during a recent visit. while they were playing, Andrea proposed a trade. she would give her little sister a big coin (a nickel) in exchange got a little coin (a dime). Her sister agreed just as Andrea thought she would. She was pretty sure that her sister didn't understand that a dime was worth more than a nickel.

Concrete

When Duane went hiking, he wasn't that worried about getting lost. He knew that he would just have to go back the same way he had come.

Concrete

when asked what the saying "you can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it drink" means, Patrice said that it meant that you can provide someone with an opportunity, but it doesn't necessarily mean that they will take advantage of i

Formal operational

Twin brothers go "trick or treating" one Halloween. They went to the same houses and got exactly the same candy at each house. Yet, by the time the evening was over, Reggie was very upset. Because his bag was bigger than his brother's, it didn't seem to him that he had as much candy

Pre operational

a tornado had touched down just up the road from Jennifer's house. luckily no one was hurt, but a couple of homes were heavily damaged. the storm left quite an impression on Jennifer. she kept asking her mother why the storm had to be so mean

Pre operational

while watching television with his dad, Bryce kept trying to grab the remote control. Finally, his dad hid the remote behind his back. That didn't seem to bother Bryce a bit, he just started reaching for the family cat.

Sensorimotor

research on children's eyewitness testimony shows that

a warm, supportive atmosphere works best

during which of the following does learning occur?

accomodation

which of the following could be considered a primary circular reaction

an infant playing with his own toes

two year old Viola calls her father's swimming goggles "glasses". according to Piagets theory, viola is most likely

assimilating

when 18-month old James is given peas for the first time, he picks one up, throws it, and says "ball". According to Piaget's theory, James is most likely _____ the pea into his ball scheme

assimilating

Nine-year-old Ricky-Bobby has no problem understanding that the college student who sometimes stays with him is both a student and a baby sitter. According to Piaget, Ricky-Bobby has overcome the hurdle of

centration

Five-year-old Sasha is participating in Piaget's three-mountain problem. When Sasha is asked to choose the picture that shows what the doll sees, he will most likely

choose the picture that shows his own point of view

when are most children enthralled with sorting tasks

concrete operations

Deerin sees a sponge painted like a rock. For the first time in his life, he understands that even though it looks like a rock, it is really a sponge. Deerin is most likely in Piaget's ____ stage.

concrete operations stage

in the store model of memory, the central executive

directs the flow of information

according to Siegler, which three mechanisms work together to create changes in children's cognitive skills?

encoding, automatization, and strategy connection

In the memory store model, visual sensations become inputs that

enter at the sensory register and are stored for a few seconds

in the store model of memory, what is taken into the sensory store?

everything coming in through the five senses

compared to formal operational thought, post formal thought is characterized by

flexibility

understand object permanence is telling because it means that infants are able to

form mental representations of objects

lily learned how to give her dog a bath by helping her mother five the dog a bath in the past. Lily has learned this skill through

guided participation

Follow-up research suggests that babies make the A-not-B search error because they ____.

have trouble inhibiting a previously correct response

Daniel is confused when his mother prompts him to say hello to a person he doesn't know. It conflicts with her "don't talk to strangers" rule. At this moment, Daniel is ___

in disequilibrium

When does the "processing" component take place during information processing?

in middle, with memory, strategies, planning, logic, etc.

which of the following is true about the development of short-term memory ?

it gets larger through the first years of life

Mario sees a familiar face at the mall, but he cannot recall the person's name. Mario is having problems with ____ memory

long-term

Piaget believed that the major benefit of make-believe play during the pre operational stage is to

practice schemes

which of the following statements accurately describes processing speed?

processing speed increases across the childhood years

Mr Kaid incorporates peer tutoring in his classroom. this is an example of

reciprocal teaching

Nine-year-old AJ enjoys participating in organized sports. He is developing an understanding what it means to belong to a team. AJ's concept of being a team member is an example of a(n) ____.

scheme

Baby Ray accidentally pushes over a tower of blocks. Each time his sister rebuilds the tower, Ray tries to push it over. In Piaget's theory, this is an example of a __________ circular reaction.

secondary

Baby Kale sees a Lego on the floor. He picks it up and looks at it while turning it around and moving it from one hand to the other. Which Piaget sensorimotor substage, at minimum, is Kale is in?

secondary circular reactions

as a rule, first strategies are usually

simple

which of the following most commonly helps older adults compensate for decline sin processing speed?

strategies learned through prior experience

Stacy is vigilant in her watch for any change in her baby's breathing. This is an example of

sustained attention

In one study, 2 1/2-year-olds were unable to use a scale model of a room to find a toy hidden in the room that the model represented. This is because young preschoolers have difficulty with

symbolic representations

some experts beeves hat children should not testify in court because

they are susceptible to false suggestion

a central goal of the information-processing approach is to

uncover mechanisms of change

during the sensorimotor stage, the main task is to

use senses and motor skills to understand the world

Piaget's theory is described as a constructivist approach because he ____

viewed children as building all knowledge about their world through their own activity

which of the following statements is most associated with eh constructivist theory of memory

we rebuild past memories using present schema

we try new strategies all the time. What should determine when we keep one?

whether or not it works