Lippincott Renal

A client developed cariogenic shock after a sever MI and has now developed Acute Renal Failure. The client's family asks the nurse why the client has developed acute renal failure. The nurse should base the response on the knowledge that there was: 1. A decrease in the blood flow through the kidneys 2. An obstruction of urine flow from the kidneys. 3. A blood clot formed in the kidneys 4. Structural damage to the kidney resulting in acute tubular necrosis

1. A decrease in the blood flow through the kidneys

The client with acute renal failure asks the nurse for a snack. Because the clients potassium level is elevated, which of the following snacks is most appropriate? 1. A gelatin dessert 2. Yogurt 3. An orange 4. Peanuts

1. A gelatin dessert

A client with acute renal failure has in increase in the serum potassium level. The nurse should monitor the client for: 1. Cardiac Arrest 2. Pulmonary Edema 3. Circulatory Collapse 4. Hemorrhage

1. Cardiac Arrest

During the first hemodialysis treatment, the patient develops a headache, confusion, and nausea. The nurse should assess the client further for: 1. Disequilibrium syndrome 2. Myocardial Infarction 3. Air embolism 4. Peritonitis

1. Disequilibrium syndrome

A client has been admitted with acute renal failure. What should the nurse do. Select all that apply 1. Elevate the head of the bed 30-45 degrees 2. Take vital signs 3. Establish an IV access site 4. Call the admitting physician for prescriptions 5. Contact the hemodialysis unit

1. Elevate the head of the bed 30-45 degrees 2. Take vital signs 3. Establish an IV access site 4. Call the admitting physician for prescriptions

A client has been prescribed Allopurinol for renal calculi that are caused by high uric acid levels. Which of the following indicate the client is experiencing adverse effect(s) of this drug? Select all that apply. 1. Nausea 2. Rash 3. Constipation 4. Flushed skin 5. Bone Marrow depression

1. Nausea 2. Rash 5 Bone Marrow Depression

In the oliguric phase of acute renal failure, the nurse should assess the client for: 1. Pulmonary edema 2. Metabolic alkalosis 3. Hypotension 4. Hypokalemia

1. Pulmonary edema

The client receives heparin while receiving hemodialysis, The nurse explains the rationale supporting anticoag by making which of the following statements? 1. Regional anticoagulation is achieved by putting heparin in the dialysis machine and protamine sulfate, which reverses the anticoagulation in the client 2. You will receive Coumadin to maintain anticoagulation between treatments 3. Heparin does not enter the body so there is no risk of bleeding 4. Clotting time is seriously prolonged for several hours after treatment

1. Regional anticoagulation is achieved by putting heparin in the dialysis machine and protamine sulfate, which reverses the anticoagulation in the client

The client in acute renal failure has an external cannula inserted in the forearm for hemodialysis. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate for care of this client? 1. Use the unaffected arm for BP 2. Draw blood from the cannula for routine lab work 3. Percuss the cannula for bruits each shift 4. Inject heparin into the cannula each shift

1. Use the unaffected arm for BP

During dialysis, the client has disequilibrium syndrome. The nurse should FIRST: 1. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula 2. Slow the rate of dialysis 3. Reassure the client that the symptoms are normal 4. Place the client in trendelenburg's position

2. Slow the rate of dialysis

Inaddition to nausea and severe flank pain, a female client with renal calculi has pain in the groin and bladder. The nurse should assess the client for further signs of: 1. Nephritis 2. Referred pain 3. Urine retention 4. Additional Stone formation

2. Referred pain

Which of the following abnormal blood values would not be improved by dialysis treatment? 1. Elevated serum creatinine level 2. Hyperkalemia 3. Decreased Hgb concentration 4. Hypernatremia

3. Decreased Hgb concentration

The nurse is reviewing the lab results for a client who is taking allopurinol. Which of the following indicate that the drug has had a therapeutic effect? 1. Decreased urine alkaline phosphatase level 2. Increased urine calcium excretion 3. Increased serum calcium level 4. Decreased serum uric acid level

4. Decreased serum uric acid level

The client's serum potassium is elevated in acute renal failure, and the nurse administers Kayexalate. This drug acts to: 1. Increase potassium excretion from the colon 2. Release hydrogen ions for sodium ions 3. Increase calcium absorption in the colon 4. Exchange sodium for potassium ions in the colon

4. Exchange sodium for potassium ions in the colon

The client is scheduled to have a Kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) radiograph. To prepare the client for this procedure, the nurse should explain to the client that: 1. Fluid and food will be withheld the morning of the examination 2. A tranquilizer will be given before the examination 3. An enema will be given before the examination 4. No Special preparation is required for the examination

4. No Special preparation is required for the examination

Which of the following is the MOST common initial manifestation of acute renal failure? 1. Dysuria 2. Anuria 3. Hematuria 4. Oliguria

4. Oliguria

A high-carb, low protein diet is prescribed for a client with acute renal failure. The intended outcome of this diet is to: 1. Act as a diuretic 2. Reduce demands from the liver 3. Help maintain urine acidity 4. Prevent the development of ketosis

4. Prevent the development of ketosis

The client who is in acute renal failure has an elevated BUN. What is the likely cause of this finding? 1. Fluid Retention 2. Hemolysis of red blood cells 3. Below-normal metabolic rate 4. Reduced renal blood flow

4. Reduced renal blood flow

The nurse teaches the client how to recognize infections in the shunt by telling the client to assess the shunt each day for: 1. Absence of a bruit 2. sluggish cap refill time 3. Coolness of the involved extremity 4. Swelling at the shunt site

4. Swelling at the shunt site

A client is to receive peritoneal dialysis. To prepare for the procedure, the nurse should: 1. Assess the dialysis access for a bruit and a thrill 2. Insert an indwelling catheter and drain all urine from the bladder 3. Ask the client turn toward the left side 4. Warm the solution in the warmer

4. Warm the solution in the warmer