LS7C - Cells, Tissues, and Organs Practice Questions

The extracellular matrix is particularly important for which type of tissue? A. nervous B. connective C. muscle D. epithelial

B

Some cell junctions allow materials to pass between adjacent cells so that they work together as a unit. True/False

True

A pathologist is carrying out an autopsy. Upon opening the chest cavity, the pathologist sees a thick, fibrous tissue surrounding the heart. This is likely: A. connective tissue. B. epithelial tissue. C. muscle tissue. D. neural tissue.

A

Could an isolated melanin granule move along an actin microfilament? A. Yes, motor proteins all use ATP to cause a conformation change. B. No, motor proteins are specific for the type of filament they bind. C. Yes, melanin granules have motor proteins. D. None of the other answer options is correct.

A

In skin, the cells of the epidermis connect to the basal lamina through cellular junctions known as hemidesmosomes. Select the cytoskeletal element that helps maintain the integrity of this connection. A. intermediate filaments B. both intermediate filaments and microfilaments C. microfilaments D. microtubules

A

Which of the following is a component of the extracellular matrix produced by an animal cell? A. collagen B. cadherin C. cellulose D. All of these choices are correct.

A

Gap junctions and plasmodesmata have what feature in common? A. They both attach to the cytoskeleton. B. They both allow direct transport of materials between cells. C. They are both found in plant cells. D. They both are made up of protein subunits located in the plasma membrane.

B

The property of dynamic instability implies that the individual protein subunits of microtubules are held together by: A. disulfide bonds. B. noncovalent interactions. C. All of these choices are correct. D. covalent bonds.

B

The strength of collagen comes from its: A. ability to bind to polysaccharide molecules. B. triple helical structure and bundling. C. amino acid sequence. D. triple helical structure and bundling, as well as its amino acid sequence.

B

Which of the following cell junctions is involved in creating a barrier between cells? A. desmosome B. tight junction C. adherens junction

B

Cadherins are: (Select all that apply.) A. proteins that provide a pathway for molecules to move between cells. B. proteins involved in attachment of cells to neighboring cells. C. cell adhesion molecules found in cell junctions. D. proteins involved in attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix.

B, C

An epithelial tissue is defined as a: A. collection of contractile cells. B. few cells embedded into an extensive extracellular matrix. C. collection of cells that lines cavities or outside surfaces. D. network of cells that use chemical communication.

C

How do cells connect to the extracellular matrix? A. through cadherins B. through gap junctions C. through integrins D. through tight junctions

C

Structures known as microvilli are associated with: A. increased surface area for gas exchange. B. adhesion to the extracellular matrix. C. increased surface area for nutrient absorption. D. communication between cells.

C

The extracellular matrix is a network of: A. proteins found in the cellular membrane that allow for substances to enter the cell. B. channel proteins found in the cellular membrane that allow for communication. C. proteins and polysaccharides outside the cell that play a role in structural support. D. proteins and polysaccharides inside the cell that keep organelles in place.

C

Which one of the following statements about intracellular transport is TRUE? A. Kinesin and dynein move substances along microfilaments. B. Kinesin and myosin move substances along microtubules. C. Kinesin and dynein move substances along microtubules. D. Kinesin moves substances along microfilaments.

C

Cadherins bind to which type of cytoskeletal element(s)? A. intermediate filaments B. microtubules C. microfilaments D. both intermediate filaments and microfilaments

D

Dynamic instability is a: A. feature of microfilaments. B. universal feature of the cytoskeleton. C. feature of intermediate filaments. D. feature of microtubules. E. feature of microtubules and microfilaments.

D

Intermediate filaments: A. play an important role in preventing skin from tearing by shear stress. B. undergo little change in length in comparison to microtubules and microfilaments. C. have a diameter that is larger than a microfilament, but smaller than a microtubule. D. All of these choices are correct. E. play an important role in maintaining cell shape.

D

Motor proteins cause movement by: (1) undergoing a conformational change, (2) harnessing energy from ATP, and (3) binding to the cytoskeleton. A. Statements (2) and (3) are correct. B. Statements (1) and (3) are correct. C. Statements (1) and (2) are correct. D. Statements (1), (2), and (3) are correct.

D

Myosin is a motor protein that associates with: A. intermediate filaments. B. vimentin. C. microtubules. D. microfilaments.

D

The MOST likely reason(s) a metastatic tumor cell might lose its connection to the basal lamina would be: A. a change in the composition of the basal lamina. B. a change in the type of integrin proteins present on the cell's surface. C. the loss of integrin proteins from the cell's surface. D. the loss of integrin proteins from the cell's surface, or a change in the type of integrin proteins present on the cell's surface.

D

The basal lamina is: A. an area found beneath all connective tissues that helps them adhere to underlying muscle. B. an area found wherever two different types of tissues meet. C. a specialized form of the extracellular matrix found only in the skin. D. a specialized form of the extracellular matrix found beneath all epithelial tissues.

D

The basal lamina: A. links to epithelial cells through tight junctions. B. All of these choices are correct. C. is found on top of the epidermis of the skin. D. is a specialized extracellular matrix found beneath epithelial tissues. E. is a cell-rich layer.

D

What is the BEST characterization of the minus end of a dynamic filament? A. It is fast growing. B. It is slow growing, and also loses its subunits quickly. C. It loses subunits quickly. D. It is slow growing.

D

Imagine that you are examining a mouse that does not produce basal lamina in the skin. How will this mouse be different from a normal, wild-type mouse? A. All of these choices are correct. B. Cellular junctions will fail to form between the cells of the epidermis. C. The dermis will be disorganized and will lack blood vessels. D. The epidermis and dermis will be strongly connected. E. The epidermis will not be connected to the dermis.

E