LSA Ch 6
Schema
A ___________ is a general mental framework that helps people to organize and understand information.
Procedural
Allison lived in a foreign country for a year, and she didn't drive a car during that time. When she came back to the United States, she found it effortless to drive her car. Her ability to remember how to drive is an example of __________ memory.
Conscious
Explicit memory is the _________ recollection of information such as facts and events.
Stored
Information must be encoded and ___________ in order to be retrieved later.
Permanent
Long-term memory is a _____ type of memory that stores huge amounts of information.
Selective attention
Marisol is reading her textbook while ignoring the argument her younger siblings are having in the same room. Marisol's situation is a good example of __________.
Retention of information or experience over time
Memory is defined as the ___________.
Phonological loop
The _____________ ____________ is specialized to briefly store speech-based information in working memory.
-explicit memory -retrospective -prospective
The frontal lobes of the brain play an important role in _________ memory.
Echoic memory
The term used to describe auditory sensory memory, which is retained for up to several seconds, is __________.
Iconic
The term used to describe visual sensory memory, which is retained for about 1/4 of a second, is ___________.
Sensory
The three stages of memory in the Atkinson-Shiffrin theory are ______________ memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
-Central executive -Visuo-spatial sketchpad -Phonological loop
Which of the following are components of Baddeley's working memory theory? (Select all that apply.)
This concept states that if two neurons are activated at the same time, the connection between them and thus the memory may be strengthened.
Which of the following best explains the concept of long-term potentiation?
the RAM of a computer
Which of the following could be used as a metaphor for the capacity of working memory?
Sensory memory
Which of the following holds information from the world in its original form for only a brief moment in time?
Chunking
Which of the following involves grouping information into higher-order units that can be remembered as single units?
Imagining how your living room would look with the furniture in different places
Which of the following is a task that would be handled by the visuo-spatial sketchpad?
-It is a mental blackboard. -It consists of three parts. -It is an alternate conceptualization of the concept of short-term memory
Which of the following statements apply to the concept of working memory? (Select all that apply.)
Chunk the information
Which of the following strategies can be used to increase the number of pieces of information that can be held in short-term memory?
3-5
Working memory has a different capacity than short-term memory. In working memory, if chunks are relatively complex, most young adults can remember how many chunks of information?
Implicit
You know how to tie your shoes, and when you do, the procedure can be carried out non-consciously. This is an example of _____ memory.
Implicit
__________ memory is when behavior is affected by prior experiences without conscious recollection of the experience.
Sensory
_______________ memory holds information from the world in its original form for only an instant, not much longer than the brief time it is exposed to the visual, auditory, and other senses.
3
The Atkinson-Shiffrin theory of memory proposed that there are _____ systems in memory.
5-9
Short-term memory can retain about _____ pieces of complex information.
Iconic
Sperling's classic study on __________ memory determined that information can be forgotten very quickly.
Storage
Saving information for future use is called _________.
