Major concepts for Unit 5 AP HuG

5.7 explain how economic forces influence agricultural practices. (Reason 1)

Large-scale commercial agricultural operations are replacing small family farms.

5.10 explain how agricultural practices have environmental and societal consequences. (Reason 2)

Agricultural practices including slash and burn, terraces, irrigation, deforestation, draining wetlands, shifting cultivation, and pastoral nomadism alter the landscape.

5.6 explain how economic forces influence agricultural practices. (Reason 1)

Agricultural production regions are defined by the extent to which they reflect substance or commercial practices.

5.11 explain challenges and debates related to the changing nature of contemporary agriculture and food production practices.

Aqua cultural innovations such as bio technology, genetically modified organisms, and aquaculture have been accompanied by debates over sustainability, soil and water usage reduction in biodiversity, and extensive fertilizer and pesticide use.

5.7 explain how economic forces influence agricultural practices. (Reason 2)

Complex commodity chains link production and consumption of agricultural products.

5.10 explain how agricultural practices have environmental and societal consequences. (Reason 1)

Environmental effects of agricultural land use include pollution, land cover change, desertification, soil salinization, and conservation efforts.

5.1 Explain the connection between physical geography and agricultural practices

Extensive farming practices include shifting cultivation, nimadic herding, and ranching.

5.9 Explain the interdependence among regions of agricultural production and consumption (Reason 1)

Food and other agricultural products are part of a global supply chain.

5.6 explain how economic forces influence agricultural practices. (Reason 2)

Intensive and extensive farming practices are determined in part by land cost (bid-rent theories)

5.4 Explain the advances and impacts if the second agricultural revolution

New technology increased food production in the second agricultural revolution led to better diets, longer life expectancies, and more people available for work in factories.

5.3 Explain how plants and animals diffused globally.

Patterns of diffusion, such as the Columbian exchange and the agricultural revolution, resulted in the global spread of various plants and animals.

5.2 Identify different rural settlement patterns and methods of surveying rural settlements. (Reason 2)

Rural settlement patterns are classified as clustered, dispersed, or linear.

5.2 Identify different rural settlement patterns and methods of surveying rural settlements. (Reason 3)

Rural survey methods include metes and bounds, township and range, and long lot.

5.10 explain how agricultural practices have environmental and societal consequences. (Reason 3)

Societal effects of agricultural practices include changing diet, role of women in agricultural production, and economic purpose.

5.9 Explain the interdependence among regions of agricultural production and consumption (Reason 2)

Some countries have become highly dependent on one or more export commodities.

5.2 Identify different rural settlement patterns and methods of surveying rural settlements. (Reason 1)

Specific agricultural practices shape different rural land-use patterns.

5.7 explain how economic forces influence agricultural practices. (Reason 3)

Technology has increased economies of scale in the agricultural sector and the carrying capacity of the land.

5.5 Explain the consequences of the Green Revolution on food supply and the environment in the developing world.

The Green Revolution was characterized in agriculture by the use of high-yield seeds, increased use of chemicals, and mechanized farming.

5.9 Explain the interdependence among regions of agricultural production and consumption (Reason 3)

The main elements of global food distribution networks are affected by political relationships, infrastructure, and patterns of world trade.

5.12 Explain geographic variations in female roles in food production and consumption.

The role of females in food production, distribution, and consumption varies in many places depending on the type of production involved.

5.8 Describe how the von Thunen model is used to explain patterns of agricultural production at various scales.

Von Thunen's model helps to explain rural land use by emphasizing the importance of transportation costs associated with distance from the market; however, regions of specialty Farmington not always conform to von Thunen's concentric rings.