Making Buildings ch 1

What are construction documents? What two items are they comprised of?

Construction documents are the documents which contain primary graphics and specifications that are given by engineer or architect team which will have the information about how to build and of what. These documents comprises of drawings and specifications.

What is sustainable building and it's importance?

Sustainable building is the one in which less amount of energy; fewer, resources that cause less air, water and soil pollution must be used for construction and operation and must not encourage wasteful land development practices, protect the environment and ecosystem, afford better interiors for building inhabitants, reduce bad social effects. This sustainable building is also called green building.

What are the three types of ISO 14020 environment labels?

(Type 1) Ecolabels - These are independent, third-party certifications of environment performance. The information provided by these labels is unbiased, consistent and appropriate. (Type 2) Declared Environment Claims - Products manufacturer provides useful information, but the user must select the product based on their judgment, depending on application. Then Type 1 labels, they are limited in scope. (Type 3) Environment Impact labels - These gives complete information about the product and the environment impacts, but they do Not give environmental ratings or judgment. They are verified independently, but product manufacturer prepares the label.

What is a building code occupancy? What is a construction type? How are they related in a building code?

-Building occupancy code is a classification of structures depending on their usage. These codes set minimum standards for quality for construction, structural integrity, durability, livability, accessibility and fire safety to protect public health and safety. -Construction types provide different degree of fire safety. -Building codes occupancy classifications are tailed by a set of definitions for construction type. At the top type 1 construction, made with highly fire- resistant, noncombustible materials. At the end is type 5 construction, which is built from combustible light wood farming. In between are type 2, type 3 and type IV.

What is fast track construction, and what types of contracts are fee compensation is it mostly commonly associated with?

Fast track construction main objective is to minimize the time taken for completing a construction project. this is done by overlapping design and construction of different parts. Any type of construction delivery method can be used.

What is a life-cycle analysis? What are the major life- cycle stages in such an analysis?

Life Cycle Analysis - is a means for evaluating the environmental aspects of a product or building material throughout its life. Major life cycles stages in an analysis includes extraction of raw materials, production, use distribution and disposal or recycle.

What is the MasterFormat? What is it used for?

MasterFormat is standard for organizing technical specifications and other written information for building projects. The qualitative requirements of construction materials, equipment, and workmanship are drafted using MasterFormat. It is also used for cross referencing the materials information on construction drawings.

Who are the three principal team members involved in the creation of a new building? what are their respective roles?

The members of the typical team that designs a major building starts from the person who thinks about the project at the first place. Then expands from construction manager, group of architects, engineers and designers. expert engineers for foundation, structural support, and mechanical, electrical and communication service include the team.

What is the critical path? Why is it important to construction scheduling?

The sequence of consturuction activites that will determind the least amount of time in which a project can be finished is called critical path project. Critical path has more flexibility in their scheduling which will not affect the construction schedule.

What is the embodied energy of a material?

The total amount of energy consumed for the entire materials life cycle is called embodied energy. The materials with lower embodied energy are better than those of the materials with greater energy because the energy usage correlates with consumption of nonrenewable resources and generation of greenhouse gases.

What are the two common types of surety bonds? What are they used for?

The two Types of surety bonds are preforamce bond and payment bonds. Performance bond is for assuring the completion of project and payment bond is for assuring for full payment to suppliers and contractors.

What types of subjects are covered by zoning ordinances? by building codes?

Zoning Ordinance- The legal restrictions covered by the zoning ordinance are.. - The restrictions covered by the zoning ordinance are piece of land - The area of land that should be covered by the building. - The set back distance of the building for the adjacent property lines - The area to be provided for the parking space - The total floor area for the construction and the height of the building that can be constructed in the desired property of land. For larger cities the zoning ordinance includes - Fire zone with special fire protection requirements. - Neighborhood enterprise districts with economic incentives of new constructions. - Revitalization of existing building or other special conditions. Building codes- Along with the zoning ordinances the local government regulated building activities by building codes. The prepose of the building codes is to protect public health and safety by setting minimum standards for, - Quality of construction - structural integrity - Durability - Livability - Accessibility and - Especially fire safety

In what units is fire resistance measured? How is the fire resistance of a building assembly determined?

the fire resistance of the building is measure in hours. The fire resistance of a building assembly is determined by the kind of wall is and how close that wall is to other buildings. Using table for the fire resistance rating of the major part of the building elements can be determined. On obtaining the rating of the major part of the building the design of these parts can be determined. Tabulated fire resistance ratings for common building materials and assemblies may come from a variety of sources including the International Building Code (IBC), catalogs and handbook issued by the building material manufactures, construction trade association and organizations concerned with fire protection of buildings. When determining the level of free resistance required for a building, the greater the degree of fire resistance, higher will be the cost. therefore the building is designed with lowest of fire resistance permitted by the building code.