MANA3335 Ch. 11 Practice Test

Ugar is the department head of the cardiac wing at a hospital. His staff understands his vision for the cardiac wing, and he encourages their cooperation on strategic decisions that support that vision. Which of the following is a likely skill Ugar uses to lead people?

*Aligning people {Planning budgets, problem solving, and organizing structure are management skills. Aligning people is a skill that distinguishes leaders from managers}

Caleb manages the contract division of the largest property management company in New England. His division is full of high performers in terms of processing volume and speed. However, absenteeism is high among his employees. Many members of his department are openly dissatisfied with their jobs. According to the Leadership Grid, which leadership style is likely being used?

*Authority-compliance management {The impoverished management corner of the Leadership Grid represents low concern for both human elements and efficiency. Caleb demonstrates a high concern for efficiency to the detriment of human elements in the workplace}

Which of the following is a task characteristic that may neutralize or substitute for leadership?

*Availability of feedback {Task characteristics that may substitute for leadership include routineness, the availability of feedback, and intrinsic satisfaction}

Which of the following is a property of leadership?

*Being accepted as a leader by others {As a property, leadership is the set of characteristics attributed to individuals who are perceived to be leaders. Thus, leaders are (1) people who can influence the behaviors of others without having to rely on coercion or (2) people whom others accept as leaders}

When considering the three elements of charismatic leaders, how would a leader energize others?

*By demonstrating personal confidence {The charismatic leader enables others by supporting them, empathizing with them, and expressing confidence in them. The charismatic leader energizes others through a demonstration of personal excitement, personal confidence, and patterns of success}

How can managers reduce the likelihood of political behavior by subordinates?

*By providing subordinates with responsibility {By providing subordinates with autonomy, responsibility, challenge, and feedback, managers reduce the likelihood of political behavior by subordinates}

All other things being equal, which type of leader is most likely to influence others?

*Charismatic {We use the term transformational leadership and define it as leadership that goes beyond ordinary expectations by transmitting a sense of mission, stimulating learning experiences, and inspiring new ways of thinking}

Which of the following focuses on interpersonal attraction and is most closely associated with the trait approach?

*Charismatic leadership {The concept of charismatic leadership is most closely related to the trait approach}

Which political tactic is a manager using who threatens to withhold support or rewards?

*Coercion {A manager who threatens to withhold support or rewards is not using inducement as a political tactic. Coercion is the use of force to get one's way. A manager may threaten to withhold support, rewards, or other resources as a way to influence someone else}

The IT director told the production manager that she will not approve the software upgrade for the production team unless the production manager supports the IT request for a budget increase at the next managers meeting. Which type of political behavior is reflected in the given scenario?

*Coercion {Coercion involves using force to gain support, such as threatening to withhold support, rewards, or other resources}

A manager who uses punishment and emotional threat to lead is using which type of leadership power?

*Coercive {Coercive power is the power to force compliance by means of psychological, emotional, or physical threat. The more a manager uses coercive power, the more likely he or she is to provoke resentment and hostility and the less likely the manager is to be seen as a leader}

Steve's usual method for getting his staff to do their jobs is to threaten to dock their pay or put reprimands in their files if they do not comply. This is an example of which type of power?

*Coercive {Reward power is the power to give or withhold rewards, including better job assignments and extra hours/pay. This is an example of coercive power. Coercive power is the power to force compliance by means of psychological, emotional, or physical threat}

Amina is on a team looking at new health insurance options that will help save the organization money. The team knows that any changes to the policy will result in concern for the employees. Which decision-making style can Amina and her team use to get suggestions from employees before making a decision?

*Consult {Using a decide style, the manager makes the decision alone and then announces or "sells" it to the group. Due to the extent of its impact, this situation calls for group member input prior to making a decision at the top management level}

Thoughtful attention to the needs of people for satisfying relationships leads to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo. According to the Leadership Grid, when this is coupled with very low concern for production, which type of management results?

*Country club management {Impoverished management is characterized by the exertion of minimum effort to get required work done. Country club management gives thoughtful attention to the needs of people for satisfying relationships, which leads to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo}

Megawatt Manufacturing is a 125-year-old U.S. manufacturing firm. Traditionally, the overwhelming majority of employees were white men. But with increased diversity efforts, many employees are female, and there are many Hispanics, African Americans, and Asian Americans now working for the company. Montazar, the new plant manager, has worked at several manufacturing plants throughout the country and has experience working with and managing a diverse workforce. Which leadership skills will be valuable to Montazar in this position?

*Cross-cultural {Charismatic leadership is based on a form of interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance. Montazar was hired for his cross-cultural leadership skills. Cross-cultural factors play a growing role in organizations as their workforces become more and more diverse}

DownUnder Clothing is a growing apparel company based in Delhi, India. Management at the firm has little exposure to Western practices and no experience operating in the United States. Eli was born and raised in the United States, but he has worked in India for the past seven years. Eli was recently hired by DownUnder Clothing to head up its North American expansion efforts. Which of Eli's leadership skills was DownUnder Clothing hoping to capitalize on?

*Cross-cultural {Eli was hired for his cross-cultural leadership skills. The rise of cross-cultural leaders recognizes the need to understand differences in national traditions, practices, and values when managing in a foreign country}

When a Japanese firm sends an executive to head the firm's operations in the United States, that person will need to become acclimated to the differences that exist between the two countries. Which type of leadership skill will this executive need to rely on?

*Cross-cultural {Transformational leadership goes beyond ordinary expectations by transmitting a sense of mission, stimulating learning experiences, and inspiring new ways of thinking. Culture is a broad concept to encompass international issues and diversity}

Jolanta has noticed a decline in sales for one of her staff members. She asked her employee to look at it and have them identify why sales are low. She asked her staff to try and define the problem and come up with a solution. According to Vroom's decision tree, Jolanta is exhibiting which decision-making style?

*Delegate {In the consult style, the manager presents the program to the group, obtains their suggestions, and then makes the decision. In the delegate style, the manager allows the group to define for itself the exact nature and parameters of the problem and then to develop a solution}

When developing a human network for achieving an agenda, which of the following would be done by a manager, regardless of leadership skills?

*Delegate responsibility {Leaders develop a human network by aligning people. This includes communicating the direction by words and deeds to everyone whose cooperation may be needed to influence the creation of teams and coalitions that understand the visions and strategies and accept their validity}

On Kaia's most recent performance review, it was noted that she is to work on developing a vision for her department and her employees, as well as how to achieve those goals. Which leadership skill has Kaia been asked to work on?

*Establishing direction {Planning budgets is a management skill associated with creating an agenda. Establishing direction is a leadership skill associated with creating an agenda}

Ramon was recently hired as the president and CEO of a fledgling company in the emerging solar battery technology industry. He is joining the company in the wake of a scandal that toppled the former management team. An external audit revealed that the previous organizational leaders had misappropriated grant money received from the U.S. government. Ramon has been hired to restore the government's faith in the company and to establish a culture of moral integrity within the firm. Which leadership skills will be important for Ramon in this position?

*Ethical {Ramon was hired for his ethical leadership skills. The rising need for leaders who can demonstrate accountability and ethical standards is a sign of the elevated social scrutiny and the importance of these skills in today's society]

Atmir has extensive experience in biology research, and he is frequently asked to speak at conferences on his latest work. Many in the lab want to work with him just to learn from him. Which type of power does Atmir possess?

*Expert {Atmir has expert power. Expert power is derived from information or expertise}

Sushil spends a lot of time with new employees, and uses employee-centered leader behaviors. She does this so that employees can perform at high levels as quickly as possible. What is Sushil likely to do when she has new employees?

*Explain work procedures in great detail {Managers using employee-centered leader behavior are interested in developing a cohesive work group and ensuring that employees are satisfied with their jobs. Their primary concern is the welfare of subordinates]

According to Fiedler, when considering situational approaches to leadership, what is the key situational factor?

*Favorableness of the situation from the leader's perspective {Favorableness, in turn, is determined by leader-member relations, task structure, and position power. Leader-member relations refer to the nature of the relationship between the leader and the work group}

According to the Michigan studies, which trait does Likert find most consistent with employee-centered leader behavior?

*Flexible {Managers using job-centered leader behavior pay close attention to subordinates' work, explain work procedures, and are keenly interested in performance}

Yui and Arayla don't always get along well, and as a result, they frequently engage in politically motivated behavior to make themselves look good, while making the other look bad. What can their manager do to try to manage political behavior?

*Get disagreements out in the open {Managers should get disagreements out in the open so that subordinates will have less opportunity for political behavior by using conflict for their own purposes}

How can transformational leadership be defined?

*Going beyond ordinary expectations {Charisma is a form of interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance. All else being equal, someone with charisma is more likely to be able to influence others than is someone without charisma}

Which of the following is an organizational characteristic that can substitute for leadership?

*Group cohesion {A flexible reward structure is not an organizational characteristic that can substitute for leadership. Organizational characteristics that may substitute for leadership include formalization, group cohesion, inflexibility, and a rigid reward structure}

Polani works in a male-dominated industry. She is a passionate advocate for increasing gender diversity. As she worked her way up the corporate ladder, Polani presented herself in a professional, composed manner to demonstrate that women can effectively serve in leadership roles at the company. What did Polani use to help promote gender diversity in her organization?

*Impression management {Polani engaged in impression management to further her interest in promoting gender diversity. Impression management involves intentional control over one's image to accomplish desired results}

What is a direct and intentional effort by someone to enhance his or her image in the eyes of others?

*Impression management {Political behavior refers to the activities carried out for the specific purpose of acquiring, developing, and using power and other resources to obtain one's preferred outcomes}

Woojin wears a shirt and tie to work every day, even though it isn't required. He also asked to be placed on high-profile projects so that he can be linked to successful work. Which of the following is Woojin using?

*Impression management {We define strategic leadership as the ability to understand the complexities of both the organization and its environment and to lead change in the organization in order to achieve and maintain a superior alignment between the organization and its environment}

During the interview process, Olesia told a highly qualified candidate that if they accepted the position, the company would cover the cost of relocation and provide an additional bonus. What did Olesia use to encourage the candidate to accept the position?

*Inducement {Coercion involves using force to gain support. Olesia engaged in inducement to achieve her political purposes}

One of the things L'Meese does as a leader is establish formal lines of communication with her subordinates. According to the Ohio State studies, L'Meese is using which type of leader behavior?

*Initiating-structure {Managers using job-centered leader behavior pay close attention to subordinates' work, explain work procedures, and are keenly interested in performance}

In which type of behavior does the leader clearly define the leader-subordinate role so that everyone knows what is expected?

*Initiating-structure {When using initiating-structure behavior, the leader clearly defines the leader-subordinate role so that everyone knows what is expected, establishes formal lines of communication, and determines how tasks will be performed}

As a manager, Azim holds a lot of referent power. He must tell his staff that he needs as many of them as possible to work this coming weekend because a project is behind schedule. He knows some employees will be upset. What type of power can Azim use to encourage loyalty and teamwork from his staff?

*Inspirational appeal {Sometimes a manager can induce a subordinate to do something consistent with a set of higher ideals or values through inspirational appeal. Referent power plays a role in determining the extent to which an inspirational appeal is successful because its effectiveness depends at least in part on the persuasive abilities of the leader}

Duane is the department head of the production unit at Lelov Technology. He is considered a great leader. Duane is particularly noted for his ability to execute plans by energizing people to overcome problems. He does this by fulfilling the basic needs of his employees, such as respect and the need for fulfillment. Which of the following leadership functions describes Duane's actions?

*Inspiring {Aligning people is a leadership skill associated with developing a human network for achieving the agenda. Motivating and inspiring are leadership skills associated with executing plans}

Although she could have refused the project, Marah agreed to work on it because she knows that if she does well, her manager will consider her for a promotion. Which type of power is Marah's manager using?

*Instrumental compliance {Another use of power is instrumental compliance, which is based on the reinforcement theory of motivation. In this form of exchange, a subordinate complies to get a reward the manager controls}

Which of the following is true of referent power?

*It is based on identification, loyalty, or charisma {Legitimate power is associated with authority and not leadership. Referent power is abstract. It is based on identification, imitation, loyalty, or charisma}

Which of the following is true of strategic leadership?

*It leads change to achieve a superior alignment between a firm and the environment {Strategic leadership explicitly relates leadership to the role of top management. It is defined as the capability to understand the complexities of both an organization and its environment and to lead change in the organization to achieve and maintain a superior alignment between the organization and its environment}

Which of the following is true of political behavior in organizations?

*It plays a useful role in some situations {Political behavior is lesser at the lower levels of an organization. Political behavior can be managed in such a way that it will seldom inflict serious damage on an organization. It may even play a useful role in some situations}

Eli has found that organizational rewards do not inspire him, and he would rather do freelance work because of the independence it offers him. For Eli, what does independence act as?

*Leadership neutralizer {Organizational characteristics that may substitute for leadership include formalization, group cohesion, inflexibility, and a rigid reward structure}

Which of the following did Fiedler argue about the relationship between the leader's style and its relationship to a specific situation?

*Leadership style is fixed, so situations must be changed to match the leadership style {Fiedler argued that, for any given person, leader style is essentially fixed and cannot be changed—leaders generally cannot change their behavior to fit a particular situation because it is linked to their personality traits. Thus, when a leader's style and the situation do not match, Fiedler argued that the situation should be changed to fit the leader's style}

Which type of power is granted by the organization hierarchy to be accorded to people occupying a particular position?

*Legitimate {Referent power is the personal power that accrues to someone based on identification, imitation, loyalty, or charisma. Legitimate power is the power granted through the organizational hierarchy; it is the power defined by the organization to be accorded to people occupying a particular position}

After several years of service at her company, Melanie was just promoted to a middle management position. This promotion gives Melanie which type of power?

*Legitimate {Reward power is the power to give or withhold rewards, including better job assignments and extra hours/pay. Legitimate power is power granted through the organizational hierarchy; it is the power defined by the organization to be accorded to people occupying a particular position}

According to Tannenbaum and Schmidt's leadership continuum, what is a manager who uses the strongest level of boss-centered leadership likely to do?

*Make a decision and announce it {At the lowest end, or most basic level of boss-centered leadership, a manager makes a decision and announces it}

Recently, Eli, a fellow manager, asked Jewel to support his request for the firm to open a childcare center at its site. Jewel has no opinion regarding a childcare center, but she supported Eli's request anyway, with the hopes that he will support her next proposal. Which type of political behavior does this demonstrate?

*Obligation {Creating an obligation involves providing something of value in exchange for future support. When Jewel needs something done, she will be able to "call in" that debt}

Which leadership style will likely be best for a person who has an internal locus of control?

*Participative {A person with an internal locus of control may prefer participative leadership, whereas a person with an external locus of control may prefer directive leadership}

Helena regularly consults with her subordinates, and she solicits their suggestions and lets them help in decision making. According to path-goal theory, Helena is exhibiting which type of leader behavior?

*Participative {Achievement-oriented leader behavior means setting challenging goals, expecting subordinates to perform at high levels, encouraging subordinates, and showing confidence in subordinates' abilities. Participative leader behavior includes consulting with subordinates, soliciting suggestions, and allowing participation in decision making]

Pallavi has a high concern for production. However, her department has high turnover and low morale. What should Pallavi focus on, based on the Leadership Grid, to improve the effectiveness of her leadership style?

*People {Pallavi can improve the effectiveness of her leadership style by increasing her concern for people. The Leadership Grid prescribes maximum leadership effectiveness when high levels of concern for production are accompanied by high levels of concern for employees}

The HR manager insisted that an increase in staff for the production team was simply not in this year's budget. Kelly, the production manager, argued that the upgrade would save money in the long run, as the work would go faster. Additionally, the staff would be able to do their jobs more easily, leading to higher morale as well as lower turnover. Which type of political behavior is reflected in the given scenario?

*Persuasion {Creating an obligation involves providing something of value in exchange for future support. Persuasion involves using emotion and logic to gain support}

Which of the following is a form of political behavior that involves convincing others to support a goal on grounds that are objective and logical as well as subjective and personal?

*Persuasion {Persuasion is a tactic that involves persuading others to support a goal on grounds that are objective and logical as well as subjective and personal}

Which of the following is a function of management, but not leadership?

*Planning and budgeting {Leadership establishes directions by developing a vision of the future}

Why is transformational leadership becoming more vital to the success of a business?

*Rapid change and turbulent environments {Because of rapid change and turbulent environments, transformational leaders are increasingly being seen as vital to the success of business}

During her performance appraisal, Ozlem's manager suggested she consider a transfer to another department. She told her manager she enjoys her current job and the people she works with. Ozlem's manager explained that if Ozlem were to transfer, she would likely be considered for project management positions within a year, a great benefit to her career. What did Ozlem's manager use to help her see the benefits of this new position?

*Rational persuasion {One way a manager can use power is through personal identification. A manager Who recognizes that she has referent power over a subordinate can shape the behavior of that subordinate by engaging in desired behaviors: The manager consciously becomes a model for the subordinate and exploits personal identification}

Ramkumar has a lot of charisma, and his coworkers enjoy working on projects with him because they can identify with him and his attitudes. Many of his coworkers have adopted a similar work schedule, and the same style of dress as Ramkumar. Which type of power does Ramkumar have?

*Referent {Legitimate power is the power granted through the organizational hierarchy. Referent power is personal power above and beyond organizational power. It is based on factors such as identification, imitation, and loyalty}

In the LPC measure, what does a high score reflect on the part of the leader?

*Relationship orientation {A high total score is assumed to reflect a relationship orientation on the part of the leader, and a low score reflects a task orientation on the leader's part}

Steve decides how projects are assigned to his staff and has final approval on overtime hours. Which type of power is this?

*Reward {Legitimate power is the power granted through the organizational hierarchy. Reward power is the power to give or withhold rewards, including better job assignments and extra hours/pay}

Raul is preparing performance reviews and salary increase suggestions for his staff, which he will then submit to his manager for approval. When determining praise and recognition, which type of power will Raul need to use?

*Reward {Reward power is the power to give or withhold rewards. Rewards that a manager may control include salary increases, bonuses, promotion recommendations, praise, recognition, and interesting job assignments}

Why have traditional approaches to leadership theories generally failed?

*Social systems and individuals are complex {When we are dealing with complex social systems composed of complex individuals, few, if any, relationships are consistently predictable, and certainly no formulas for success are infallible}

Which type of leadership includes the capability to understand the complexities of both an organization and its environment and to lead change in the organization to achieve and maintain a superior alignment between the organization and its environment?

*Strategic {Charismatic leadership is based on a form of interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance}

According to the theory of charismatic leadership by Robert House, which trait do charismatic leaders often possess?

*Strong need to influence others {Transformational leadership is defined as leadership that goes beyond ordinary expectations by transmitting a sense of mission, stimulating learning experiences, and inspiring new ways of thinking}

The concept of substitutes for leadership suggests that a need for independence is which type of characteristic that might neutralize leader behavior?

*Subordinate {Characteristics of the subordinate that may serve to neutralize leader behavior include ability, experience, need for independence, professional orientation, and indifference toward organizational rewards}

Mikel has a good relationship with his supplier but thinks his company can negotiate better prices. After presenting his idea to his manager, his manager and senior leadership used Vroom's approach to decision making. What should Mikel's managers consider when using Vroom's model? In choosing a situational leadership model to support the company's needs, which of the following factors is most important in this scenario?

*Subordinate participation {The path-goal theory, which considers rewards and goal clarity in the decision, is heavily focused on individual behavior. This scenario calls for a broader group focus. A model is needed to determine an appropriate level of subordinate participation in the company's decision}

Eva has worked in the accounts payable department at her firm for over 20 years. Her job has changed during this time, as advancements in computer technology have essentially eliminated all potential for processing errors. Eva operates with little supervision because of her extensive experience and the routine nature of her job. Which form of leadership should Eva's manager use?

*Substitute {Based on her status, Eva should be managed with a substitute form of leadership. Substitute leadership involves conditions with little need for formal authority or direction}

Which of the following identifies situations in which leader behaviors can be replaced by other things?

*Substitutes for leadership {Charisma is a form of interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance. All else being equal, someone with charisma is more likely to be able to influence others than is someone without charisma}

Which of the following is a concept that identifies situations in which leader behaviors are neutralized or replaced by characteristics of the subordinate, the task, and the organization?

*Substitutes for leadership {Substitutes for leadership is a concept that identifies situations in which leader behaviors are neutralized or replaced by characteristics of the subordinate, the task, and the organization}

According to the path-goal theory, which leader behavior includes being friendly and approachable and treating team members as equals?

*Supportive {Supportive leader behavior is being friendly and approachable, showing concern for subordinates' welfare, and treating team members as equals}

Which style of leadership identified in the LPC theory is similar to job-centered and initiating-structure behaviors in the generic approaches to leadership?

*Task oriented {Beginning with a combined trait and behavioral approach, Fiedler identified two styles of leadership: task oriented (analogous to job-centered and initiating-structure behaviors) and relationship oriented (similar to employee-centered and consideration behaviors)}

Petra knows what is expected of her at work, and she has procedures and precedents to rely on when she is uncertain. Which of the following does Petra experience a high degree of?

*Task structure {Position power is the power vested in the leader's position. If the leader has the power to assign work and to reward and punish employees, position power is assumed to be strong}

According to the Leadership Grid, which approach to leadership is thought to be the most ideal because of the interdependence on a common stake in the organization?

*Team management {According to this approach, the ideal style of leadership behavior is team management. Work accomplishment is from committed people; interdependence through a "common stake" in organization purpose leads to relationships of trust and respect}

What is the premise of Vroom's decision tree approach to leadership?

*The approach should change depending on the situation {Vroom's decision tree approach assumes that the degree to which subordinates should be encouraged to participate in decision making depends on the characteristics of the situation. In other words, no one decision-making process is best for all situations}

Which of the following is true of charismatic leaders?

*They set high expectations {A charismatic leader needs to be able to envision the future, set high expectations, and model behaviors consistent with meeting those expectations}

Why is management needed in organizations?

*To achieve orderly results {Leaders are (1) people who can influence the behaviors of others without having to rely on coercion or (2) people whom others accept as leaders}

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, what is the primary function of a leader?

*To clarify behaviors that lead to rewards {If people perceive that they are lacking in abilities, they may prefer directive leadership to help them understand path-goal relationships better}

How can organizational leadership use the Leadership Grid when evaluating new managers?

*To determine training needs {The Leadership Grid provides a means for evaluating leadership styles and then training managers to move toward an ideal style of behavior}

For which reason might employees engage in political behaviors?

*To protect themselves from others {In any situation, individuals may engage in political behavior to further their own ends, to protect themselves from others, to further goals they sincerely believe to be in the organization's best interests, or simply to acquire and exercise power. And power may be sought by individuals, by groups of individuals, or by groups of groups}

Researchers looking at characteristics such as intelligence, assertiveness, or height to identify leadership ability were using which approach to leader behavior?

*Trait {The trait approach assumed that some basic trait or set of traits existed that differentiated leaders from nonleaders}

Petra, the CEO of a large office supply company, is working on making the firm more efficient and profitable, while maintaining a leadership role in innovation. She changed the reward system, overhauled procedures, and restructured the firm. Which type of leader is Petra?

*Transformational {Petra is a transformational leader. Transformational leadership goes beyond ordinary expectations by transmitting a sense of mission, stimulating learning experiences, and inspiring new ways of thinking}

Russell is the president of the smallest business unit of a large conglomerate. He has been disappointed by the organization's unwillingness to embrace promising new business opportunities in the marketplace. He finds the corporation's traditional organizational structure and leadership style inhibiting. Two months ago, Russell was approached by the CEO of another company. This leader is hard-driving, with an exciting vision of the future. When offered a job at this inspirational CEO's firm, Russell knew he would be working with which type of leader?

*Transformational {Russell's new CEO is a transformational leader. Transformational leaders are visionary, inspirational, and open to new possibilities}

By assuming that there was one set of answers to the leadership puzzle, early approaches to the study of leadership adopted which perspective of leadership?

*Universal {Managers using employee-centered leader behavior are interested in developing a cohesive work group and ensuring that employees are satisfied with their jobs. Their primary concern is the welfare of subordinates}

According to a survey, who is most likely to engage in political behaviors?

*Upper levels of management {Many also believed that the incidence of political behavior was greater at the upper levels of their organization and lesser at the lower levels. More than half of the respondents felt that organizational politics was bad, unfair, unhealthy, and irrational, but most suggested that successful executives have to be good politicians and be political to get ahead}

Jordan Automotive is required to use a highly integrated system that links MRP, production, inventory, and sales is warranted with its client. The costs of such a system are high, and the conversion process is extensive. Because it involves dramatic changes to job and process designs, management anticipates resistance throughout the company. Facing the decision for a major computer upgrade, which situational leadership model is best suited to prescribe appropriate leadership behavior at Jordan Automotive?

*Vroom's decision tree approach {The path-goal theory factors rewards and goal clarity into the process of prescribing leadership behavior. It is heavily focused on individual behavior, and this situation calls for a broader group focus. Vroom's decision tree approach is best suited to prescribe appropriate leadership behavior at Jordan Automotive}

Which of the following helps managers assess a situation quickly and accurately so they can make appropriate decisions regarding employee participation?

*Vroom's decision tree approach {The path-goal theory of leadership suggests that the primary functions of a leader are to make valued or desired rewards available in the workplace and to clarify for subordinates the kinds of behavior that will lead to those rewards. Vroom's decision tree approach predicts what kinds of situations call for different degrees of group participation}

Leaders using consideration behavior _____.

*attempt to establish a friendly and supportive climate {Leaders using consideration behavior show concern for subordinates and try to establish a warm, friendly, and supportive climate}

The emerging pressures for stronger corporate governance models are likely to mean that leaders will _____.

*be held more accountable for the consequences of their actions {Corporate governance models are not connected to cross-cultural experience. The emerging pressures for stronger corporate governance models are likely to mean that leaders will be held more accountable for the consequences of their actions}

Jane is the CEO of Dreiden Publishing Company. She is highly influential, not only in her own firm, but throughout the industry. Jane is principled in her leadership style and projects an air of self-confidence. Jane's particular form of interpersonal attraction makes her a _____.

*charismatic leader {Jane is a charismatic leader. Charismatic leaders usually display self-confidence, hold strong convictions, and successfully influence other}

Japan is generally characterized by the view that the group is more important than any individual in it. This is known as _____.

*collectivism {Collectivism is the view that the group is more important than any individual within the group}

Ronald is a manager at Breezo, Inc. People enjoy working for Ronald because he shows true concern for his subordinates. According to the Ohio State studies, Ronald is using _____.

*consideration behavior {Managers using job-centered leader behavior pay close attention to subordinates' work, explain work procedures, and are keenly interested in performance}

According to a basic premise of Vroom's decision tree, after evaluating the characteristics of a problem or decision, the leader will _____.

*determine an appropriate decision style that specifies the amount of subordinate participation {After evaluating a variety of problem attributes (characteristics of the problem or decision), the leader determines an appropriate decision style that specifies the amount of subordinate participation}

A manager using employee-centered leader behavior _____.

*ensures employees are satisfied with their jobs {Managers using employee-centered leader behavior ensure that employees are satisfied with their jobs. Managers using job-centered leader behavior pay close attention to subordinates' work, explain work procedures, and are keenly interested in performance}

The emerging pressures for stronger corporate governance models are likely to increase commitment to select individuals with _____.

*high ethical standards {The emerging pressures for stronger corporate governance models are likely to increase commitment to select individuals with high ethical standards}

A strategic leader needs a thorough understanding of the organization itself, including _____.

*its culture {A strategic manager needs to have a thorough and complete understanding of the organization—its history, its culture, its strengths, and its weaknesses}

As a manager, Tariq has consistently demonstrated an appropriate amount of concern for both people and production. On the Leadership Grid, Tariq's style would be classified as _____.

*middle-of-the-road management {Middle-of-the-road management maintains adequate concern for both people and production. Adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the necessity to get out work with maintaining the morale of people at a satisfactory level}

As a manager, Rabeya exhibits job-centered leader behavior. This means that Rabeya _____.

*pays close attention to her subordinates' work {Managers using job-centered leader behavior pay close attention to subordinates' work, explain work procedures, and are keenly interested in performance}

Rachel works in a male-dominated industry. She is a passionate advocate for increasing gender diversity. For years she has championed the recruitment and advancement of qualified female employees at her firm. As she worked her way up the corporate ladder, Rachel was able to increase her influence because of _____.

*political behaviors {Rachel's efforts to further her goals are an example of political behavior conducted to achieve preferred outcomes. Political behavior involves mobilizing power to accomplish desired results}

The leader-member exchange (LMX) model of leadership _____,

*stresses the importance of variable relationships between supervisors and each of their subordinates {Vroom's time-driven decision tree is recommended for situations when time is of the highest importance in making a decision. The LMX model of leadership stresses the importance of variable relationships between supervisors and each of their subordinates}

Directive leadership is less effective when _____.

*structure is high and the degree of formality is high {The higher the degree of formality, the less directive is the leader behavior that will be accepted by subordinates}

Marvin has 12 subordinates on his work team. He gives extra responsibility and privileges to Ilene, Jay, and Ira. The other nine members of the team receive much less of Marvin's time and attention. According to the LMX model, those other nine members are _____.

*the out-group {The in-group usually receives special duties requiring responsibility and autonomy; they may also receive special privileges. Subordinates who are not a part of this group are called the out-group, and they receive less of the supervisor's time and attention}

Destani has to approve all job assignments, and she must sign off on all raises, bonuses, or other incentives that Sabine wants to give to her team. According to the LPC theory, Sabine has _____.

*weak position power {Position power is the power vested in the leader's position. If the leader has the power to assign work and to reward (and punish) employees, position power is assumed to be strong. But if the leader must get job assignments approved by someone else and does not administer rewards (and punishment), position power is weak}

The LPC theory classifies leaders into two types based on _____.

*whether they are task oriented or relationship oriented {Charismatic leadership ideas are quite popular among managers today. There are also lingering ethical issues about charismatic leadership, however, that trouble some people}