Management Chapter 13

Susan often ends up doing more work than Alexandra on projects. In the context of Equity Theory, this demonstrates that Susan's __________ is greater than Alexandra's.

Input

A janitor in a hospital is likely to feel higher levels of ______ than a janitor in a toilet paper factory.

task significance

When a Google employee has a great idea, the company listens. The power that front-line employees have is called

Empowerment

Angelo's boss frequently exhorts his subordinates to work harder by promising them a substantial bonus at the end of each quarter. However, bonuses are only sporadically awarded regardless of meeting performance goals. As a result, Angelo's ____________ may be low.

Instrumentality

Davy expected a raise after performing at an "above-average" level during his last performance appraisal, but this did not happen. Which element of expectancy theory was the issue here?

Instrumentality

Google employees work hard, and to an extent they expect Google to provide certain things for them. This perception is called a

Psycological contract

In trying to help employees balance their personal lives with their work responsibilities, Google is trying to improve

Quality of work life

Identify which core job dimension from the Hackman and Oldham Model motivates Michaela when she states she handles "everything from cradle to grave".

Skill Variety

Which of the core job dimensions is indicated by Michaela's ability to complete paperwork, communicate, problem solve, and install electrical wiring and component parts?

Skill Variety

Michaela stated that "...electricity is something that is very, very important for people...". Which of the core job dimensions is met by this statement?

Task Significance

Dick is a customer service representative for William's Global Paints in New York City. Dick enjoys living and working in New York City because of the availability of public transportation as he does not own a car. William's Global Paints recently announced that they are giving a free monthly parking space to the worker with the highest level of customer service. This announcement does not affect Dick's level of motivation due to the impact it has on his ____________.

Valence

If employees value free food as a reward for working hard, the food would represent which component of expectancy theory?

Valence

While interacting in the cafeteria fills a business need for Google, it also fills which of McClelland's learned needs?

affiliation

Which of the following jobs is low in task identity?

assembly line worker

From a job enrichment perspective, the ability to schedule their work hours gives employees

autonomy

Professors at OB University must follow strict guidelines when it comes to planning and delivering course material. This is an example of low _________________.

autonomy

When Michaela describes how she has full control over a job and she gets to make all of the decisions, she is experiencing which part of the job design model?

autonomy

Free bus rides would be a(n) ______ reward of working at Google.

extrinsic

Providing food fulfills which level of Alderfer's needs?

existence

A person's belief that the effort they put into completing a task will lead to performing at a desired level is called _______.

expectancy

Bill has low self-efficacy. As a result, his __________ tends to be low.

expectancy

Which of the following jobs exhibits the highest level of skill variety?

head chef

According to Herzberg, the gym, pool room, and massages would represent ______ factors.

hygiene

Based on the meeting, where Alexandra says she is "above" the work currently assigned to her, which of the following strategies would you recommend Susan do to improve Alexandra's motivation?

job enrichment

Davy confesses that he is bored with his job and wants more of a challenge. Which technique to job design can Bryan utilize to provide Davy with more stimulating work?

job enlargement

Based on McClelland's Acquired Needs Theory, which of the following does Davy need satisfied?

need for affiliation

You reduce an employee's compensation because of poor performance. This is an example of which of the following?

negative reinforcement

Alexandra is constantly creating more work for Susan, yet Susan completes all of this additional work and, in turn, Alexandra continues her behavior. Which of the following methods to reward performance explains why Alexandra continues this behavior?

positive reinforcement

If Davy received a raise after performing at an "above-average" level during his last performance appraisal, this may have motivated him to continue working hard. Based on organizational behavior modification, the raise would have represented ______.

positive reinforcement

Shawn is required to be in the office Monday through Friday, but would really value the ability to work from home one day a week. Based on Shawn's above-average performance last year, his boss is allowing him to work from home on Fridays. This is an example of which of the following?

positive reinforcement

An example of an instrinsic reward is __________.

recongnition

Melissa is an engineer at Acme Consulting. She used to work from 8:30am to 5:30pm, but her boss told her she could come in at 9am because of her great performance last year. However, this year Melissa is constantly arriving late to work. Her supervisor is looking to utilize extinction to remedy this behavior. Which of the following would be an example of extinction in this situation?

reducing Melissa's compensation

According to Hackman and Oldham, giving employees autonomy results in which critical psychological state?

responsibility

It is clear that Alexandra takes advantage of the fact that her brother is Susan's boss. Additionally, based on this fact, Alexandra suggests that she is "above" the work she is being assigned. Which level of Maslow's need hierarchy is most likely driving Alexandra's behavior?

safety or security