Management Test 1

Operational planning must be completed by first-line managers every ____, and tactical planning is done by middle management every ____. year if necessary; 1 to 90 days 6 to 24 months; 1 to 52 weeks 1 to 52 weeks; 6 to 24 months 1 to 12 weeks; year year; 2 to 10 years

1 to 52 weeks; 6 to 24 months First-line managers do operational planning, which means they determine how to accomplish specific tasks with available resources within the next 1 to 52 weeks. Tactical planning by middle management, where the managers determine what contributions their departments or similar work units can make with their given resources, must be done during every 6 to 24 months.

________________________ a group of 21 Pacific Rim countries whose purpose is to improve economic and political ties Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Mercosur

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

The board of directors are elected by the employees. True False

False The board of directors are elected by the stockholders.

Maquiladoras are manufacturing plants allowed to operate in Mexico with special privileges in return for employing Mexican citizens. True False

True

Melissa, the hotel manager, knows that the number of guests at her hotel has significantly decreased. Therefore, corporate has made it clear that the amount each department can spend on certain items will need to be cut for the year. Melissa needs to work with the hotel department managers on how to cut costs, as a part of her ______ role. monitor disturbance handler disseminator resource allocator entrepreneur

resource allocator

Deon is opening a car wash, and he has approached SCORE, an SBA organization that assists small-business owners in setting up their companies. As a new business owner, the SCORE counselors would probably advise Deon to _____. get a new perspective by asking people who have failed avoid developing a business plan the first year of business write a business plan learn from experience, the best teacher, rather than a mentor try new things regardless of the risk

write a business plan Almost everyone starting a new business is advised to write a business plan.

Mr. Jones, the department manager, told his employees that he wanted them to write down their work goals for the year. To help his workers achieve their stated goals, the next thing that he should ask for are each worker's ____. action plan code of ethics personal vision business plan values

Action Plan The goal should be followed by an action plan, which defines the course of action needed to achieve the stated goal, such as a marketing plan or sales plan.

A group of 21 Pacific Rim countries whose purpose is to improve economic and political ties is known as the ____. GATT Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Association of Southeast Asian Nations EU Pacific Economic Cooperation

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Founded in 1989, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is a group of 21 Pacific Rim countries whose purpose is to improve economic and political ties. Most countries with a coastline on the Pacific Ocean are members of the organization, although there are a number of exceptions. APEC members, which include the United States, Canada, and China, work to reduce tariffs and other trade barriers across the Asia-Pacific region.

________________ is a trading bloc consisting of 10 countries in Asia Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Mercosur

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Greg, the IT manager, feels that his employees lack the motivation to consistently meet department goals; therefore, the approach Greg and his supervisors need to take to better understand human actions to motivate their employees toward achievement is the ____ viewpoint. attitude scientific classical behavioral synergy

Behavioral The behavioral viewpoint emphasized the importance of understanding human behavior and of motivating employees toward achievement.

______________ involves the United States and Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Mercosur

Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)

The hallmark of great civilizations has been great systems of ____. leadership laws diversity communications manufacturing

Communications

ABC Manufacturing employs some of the top professionals in its field, and because of their skills and experience, ABC is highly efficient and outperforms its competitors. ABC Manufacturing has a(n) ____ over its competition. synergistic advantage competitive advantage collaborative advantage effectiveness advantage quality mark

Competitive Advantage Competitive advantage is the ability of an organization to produce goods or services more effectively than competitors do, thereby outperforming them.

The trading bloc consisting of 28 trading partners in Europe is the ____. Eastern Union Atlantic-Mediterranean Union APEC European Union GATT

EU

Managers who believe that their native country, culture, language, and behavior are superior to all others are ____ managers. maquiladoras geocentric polycentric ethnocentric diverse

Ethnocentric Ethnocentric managers believe that their native country, culture, language, and behavior are superior to all others. Ethnocentric managers tend to believe that they can export the managers and practices of their home countries to anywhere in the world and that they will be more capable and reliable than the native managers.

____________ consists of 28 trading partners in Europe.

European Union

A business plan is a tool used by the federal government to determine how to strengthen the business sector through macroeconomics and microeconomics. True False

False A business plan is a document that outlines a proposed firm's goals, the strategy for achieving them, and the standards for measuring success.

Mintzberg proposed that managers utilize written communication more than verbal communication. True False

False A manager relies more on verbal than on written communication. Writing letters, memos, and reports takes time. Most managers in Mintzberg's research tended to get and transmit information through telephone conversations and meetings.

During the annual planning meeting, Alexandria, president of a Fortune 500 company, discussed with the upper management the strategic goal of expanding company operations across the globe. This long-term vision by Alexandria is an example of e-commerce. True False

False A multinational corporation, or multinational enterprise, is a business firm with operations in several countries. E-commerce, or electronic commerce, is the buying and selling of products and services through computer networks

A social audit is a systematic assessment of employee happiness within a company. True False

False A social audit, a systematic assessment of a company's performance in implementing socially responsible programs, often based on predefined goals.

Abraham Maslow said that all customers and their needs are equal in importance. True False

False Abraham Maslow said that some needs must be satisfied before others, and proposed his famous hierarchy of human needs: physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.

In discussing Americans as global citizens, Keith Reinhard from the nonprofit group Business for Diplomatic Action said, "Globally, Americans are viewed by the world as quiet humanitarians striving for equality and accord." True False

False Americans "are seen throughout the world as an arrogant people, totally self-absorbed and loud," says Keith Reinhard, former head of advertising conglomerate DDB Worldwide who is leading an effort to reverse that through a nonprofit group called Business for Diplomatic Action.

A closed-ended system continually interacts with its environment, so it receives feedback from the outside environment. True False

False An open system continually interacts with its environment, so it receives feedback from the outside environment. A closed system has little interaction with its environment; that is, it receives very little feedback from the outside.

Behavioral science includes the fields of psychology, marketing, accounting, and geology. True False

False Behavioral science relies on scientific research for developing theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers. The disciplines of behavioral science include psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics.

Tom, the CEO of a large landscaping company, has been studying an article in a business publication that instructs managers how to increase profits through boosting worker efficiency. This is the aim of corporate social responsibility, which states that it is the responsibility of corporations to be profitable even if the other goals in the community are not met. True False

False Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the notion that corporations are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit to be a good corporate citizen and benefit interests of society.

Central American farmers sell their produce to American customers at a price that is above the price charged by American companies to increase the price of the American products, this is an example of dumping. True False

False Dumping is the practice of a foreign company exporting products abroad at a lower price than the price in the home market, or even below the costs of production, to drive down the price of the domestic product.

After customers buy a computer or receive service from Top Computers and Service, a service representative contacts each customer to conduct a survey. The survey information is a form of output. True False

False Feedback is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs, which affects the inputs.

Free trade is when companies offer their goods and services at little or no cost to consumers through bartering, coupons, and donations to enter a new market or with business start-ups. True False

False Free trade is the movement of goods and services among nations without political or economic obstruction.

Mintzberg concluded that managers play three broad types of roles: interpersonal, analytical, and critical. True False

False From his observations and other research, Mintzberg concluded that managers play three broad types of roles or "organized sets of behavior:" interpersonal, informational, and decisional.

The planning/control cycle is an order planning system in which employees work with customers to plan orders and discuss delivery times. True False

False In the planning/control cycle, managers take corrective action by correcting deviations in the plan being carried out or by improving future plans (see Figure 5.5).

When Greg meets regularly with his workers to provide encouraging words so that they work hard to achieve the company's goals, he is engaged in the management function of controlling. True False

False Leading is defined as motivating, directing, and otherwise influencing people to work hard to achieve the organization's goals.

There are two levels of management in an organization: top and first-line. True False

False Managers of an organization may be classified into four levels: top, middle, first-line, and team leaders.

Max Weber believed that a company that is a bureaucracy never achieves a competitive advantage because it is inefficient and is plagued with management problems. True False

False Max Weber believed that a bureaucracy was a rational, efficient, ideal organization based on principles of logic.

Tom and Susan, a young couple, are in need of assistance after Tom lost his job as a manager. Receiving unemployment payments and food stamps from the government are examples of philanthropy. True False

False Philanthropy is making charitable donations to benefit humankind.

Quantitative management emphasizes the use of accounting to provide the needed internal controls related to inventory. True False

False Quantitative management emphasizes the application to management of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations.

There is little proof that writing out goals helps an individual feel more confident and energetic when entering a new group. True False

False Research suggests that writing about two paragraphs outlining your goals will help you feel more confident and energetic when entering a new group.

When individuals or groups are in the process of purchasing a company, this action is known as being a stakeholder. True False

False Stakeholders are the people whose interests are affected by an organization's activities.

The American research committee that promoted one world government and one world economy was known as the GLOBE project. True False

False The GLOBE project is a massive and ongoing cross-cultural investigation of nine cultural dimensions involved in leadership and organizational processes.

The managers of a restaurant have decided to utilize the Hawthorne effect to increase productivity, which means using cameras to film employees at work in order to isolate the parts of a job. True False

False The Hawthorne effect theorized that employees worked harder if they received added attention; if they thought that managers cared about their welfare and that supervisors paid special attention to them.

The management functions are sometimes called the six management parts. True False

False The four management functions are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. They are also called the management process.

Don feels that inefficiency is the cause of increased costs in his production facility. Therefore, he is interested in making improvements in his factory by utilizing all components of a system, which include design, inputs, production processes, outputs, sales, and feedback. True False

False The four parts of a system are inputs, outputs, transformational processes, and feedback (see Figure 2.3).

The human relations movement was based on increasing sales by utilizing improved marketing and customer service techniques with customers. True False

False The human relations movement proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity.

Internal stakeholders include the owners, board of directors, customers, suppliers, distributors, and the community. True False

False The internal stakeholders consist of employees, owners, and the board of directors, if any.

Theory Y managers are pessimistic and have a negative view of employees. This type of manager believes that workers are irresponsible, lack ambition, and hate work. True False

False Theory X represents a pessimistic, negative view of workers. In this view, workers are considered to be irresponsible, to be resistant to change, to lack ambition, to hate work, and to want to be led rather than to lead.

As organizations strive to obtain a competitive advantage, taking care of the customer is the__________. synergy focus Employee Rule first law of business Golden Marketing Rule Profit-Generating Code

First Law of Business

The father of scientific management is _____. Abraham Maslow Tom Gallagher Frederick Taylor Frank Gilbreth Peter Drucker

Frederick Taylor

Donna, vice president of finance, and Bob, vice president of human resources, are ____ managers. board lower-level advisory team functional

Functional A functional manager is responsible for just one organizational activity.

The trend of the world economy toward becoming a more interdependent system is known as ____. polycentricity geocentricity expropriation globalization diversity

Globalization Globalization is the trend of the world economy toward becoming a more interdependent system.

The father of industrial psychology is ________. Abraham Maslow Hugo Munsterberg Frederick Taylor Frank Gilbreth Tom Gallagher

Hugo Munsterberg Hugo Munsterberg has been called the father of industrial psychology. His ideas led to the field of industrial psychology, the study of human behavior in workplaces, which is still taught in colleges today.

International Fabric buys products for its customers from over 30 countries. The retailer is an example of a company that ____. offshores outsources barters imports exports

Imports When importing, a company buys goods outside the country and resells them domestically.

The owners of a local restaurant routinely try to develop new menu items and seek better ways of helping their customers; this is an example of ___. innovation efficiency MBO synergy the production objective

Innovation Finding ways to deliver new or better goods or services is called innovation. No organization, for-profit or nonprofit, can allow itself to become complacent, especially when rivals are coming up with creative ideas. "Innovate or die" is an important adage for any manager.

The Johnsons decided to beautify their home by investing in landscaping. While doing this, they dealt with employees from various departments of the landscaping company, including a sales representative, a designer, the individuals who oversaw and did the work, the office and billing personnel, and also the maintenance personnel. Using the systems perspective, the people required to provide the landscaping services are considered ______. feedback transformational processes outputs inputs structure

Inputs Inputs are the people, money, information, equipment, and materials required to produce an organization's goods or services. Whatever goes into a system is an input.

_______________ designed to assist in smoothing the flow of money between nations Trading Bloc World Trade Organization International Monetary Fund World Bank

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

The process for motivating employee performance in which the manager and employee jointly set objectives for the employee, the manager develops action plans, the manager and employee periodically review the employee's performance, and the manager makes a performance appraisal and rewards the employee according to results is known as ____. MBAO observation theory strategic planning an employee-management agreement MBO

MBO Management by objectives (MBO) is a four-step process for motivating employee performance.

_____________ the largest trade bloc in Latin America and has five core members - Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela - and seven associate members: Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Suriname Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Mercosur

Mercosur

________________is a trading bloc consisting of the United States, Canada, and Mexico European Union (EU) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Mercosur North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Best Builders, a home builder in the U.S., makes use of many suppliers to provide quality products in the homes it builds, such as a roofer in the same city and Belize International in Guatemala, which provides some of the highest-quality cabinets available. This use of outside suppliers to help the contractor build homes for customers is known as ____. resourcing importing bartering exporting outsourcing

Outsourcing Outsourcing, a common practice of many companies, is defined as using suppliers outside the company to provide goods and services.

Setting goals and deciding how to achieve them is the definition of ____. planning focusing controlling regulating organizing

Planning

When the manager of a local restaurant sets goals and then develops a plan on how to achieve them, she is ____. delegating staffing organizing planning monitoring

Planning Planning is defined as setting goals and deciding how to achieve them.

A standing plan that outlines the general response to a designated problem or situation is a(n) _____. ethical value order policy norm statement standing rule

Policy A policy is a standing plan that outlines the general response to a designated problem or situation.

Because several computers and keyboards in the computer labs have been damaged recently by drinks and food being spilled, the department chair of the IT department issued a directive that "Absolutely no food or drink is allowed in any computer lab." This statement by the department chair is a(n) ______. certified procedure level of certification procedure rule industry standard

Rule A rule is a standing plan that designates specific required action.

Thomas, the fire chief, told his employees to "Think big and endeavor to be more detailed and caring while at work and in setting goals. Therefore, when you give me your goals, I want them to be specific, measurable, attainable, results-oriented, and have target dates." Thomas was asking for his workers' _____. SMART goals synergy objectives policies strategic goals focused heart statements

SMART goal A SMART goal is one that is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results-oriented, and has Target dates.

Brenda, the district manager for Beautiful Florist, told the store managers in her district that she needs the sales goals for next year. A new manager, Paula, said, "I am going to sell over $100,000 in flowers next year." Brenda later told Paula that "I need to know specifically, in each category, how much you plan on selling." Brenda's request for a specific answer is an example of a _____. general objective simplistic goal focal point SMART goal target date

SMART goal Whenever possible, goals should be measurable, or quantifiable. Some goals such as those concerned with improving quality, are not precisely quantifiable. In that case, something on the order of "Improve the quality of customer relations by instituting 10 follow-up telephone calls every week" will do. You can certainly quantify how many follow-up phone calls were made.

The HR Department of French Quarter Seafood did a training workshop on setting and achieving organization goals. Alex, the store manager of the New Orleans location, has been working with his managers to set objectives that are specific, measurable, attainable, results-oriented, and have target dates. These types of goals define ____. standard operating procedures managerial commitments focused goals MBOs SMART goals

SMART goals A SMART goal is one that is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results-oriented, and has Target dates.

Sofia, a restaurant manager, has been observing and analyzing the work process of each task because she would like to increase the productivity of employees in the restaurant. This is an example of ____ management. contingency administrative systems quantitative scientific

Scientific Scientific management emphasized the scientific study of work methods to improve the productivity of individual workers.

The agreements of the World Trade Organization are based on ____. NAFTA CAFTA the mandates of the United Nations the Peace Accord GATT

The World Trade Organization (WTO) succeeded GATT as the world forum for trade negotiations and has the formal legal structure for deciding trade disputes.

George, who owns a small grocery store, has a reputation in the community as a tough manager. Many customers have heard George yell at his employees because he feels that workers today are lazy, lack ambition, and hate to work. George is a(n) ____ manager. Theory Z Theory Y accountable hierarchy Theory X

Theory X Theory X managers are more likely to micromanage, which leads to employee dissatisfaction because these managers believe employees are inherently lazy.

Ann is the owner of a family-owned grocery store. The culture and belief of Ann and the previous owners, her grandfather and father, is to hire good people you believe in and then trust them with responsibility so that they grow into valuable employees. Ann and the previous owners are an example of ___ managers. Theory Y Theory Z Theory X Quality control TQM

Theory Y Theory Y represents the outlook of human relations proponents, an optimistic, positive view of workers. In this view, workers are considered to be capable of accepting responsibility, self-direction, and self-control and of being imaginative and creative.

________________ is a group of nations within a geographical region that have agreed to remove trade barriers with one another North American Free Trade Agreement European Union Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Trading Bloc Association of Southeast Asian Nations

Trading Bloc (aka economic community)

Alex, a district manager for a retail hardware store, asked his store managers for their store goals next year. Denise, one of the store managers, said, "I am going to increase my market share significantly next year by visiting businesses." Alex then responded to Denise with "Precisely how much are you going to increase your market share and by what date?" Alex is asking Denise to formulate a SMART goal. True False

True A SMART goal is one that is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results-oriented, and has Target dates.

A distributor is a person or an organization that helps another company sell its goods and services to customers. Distributors are considered external stakeholders. True False

True A distributor is a person or an organization that helps another organization sell its goods and services to customers. External stakeholders are people or groups in the organization's external environment that are affected by it, including distributors.

A goal is a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time. True False

True A goal, also known as an objective, is a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time.

Alan, a retired doctor, is interested in starting a nonprofit organization that will include doctors and other medical professionals who travel to low income areas in the United States and internationally to assist with medical needs and open hospitals. Alan's organization is an example of a multinational organization. True False

True A multinational organization is an organization with operations in several countries.

To save money, Paul, the owner of a struggling restaurant produce supplier, has been considering reducing the amount of produce in some cases delivered to busy restaurants, knowing the customers will probably never notice. This decision is an example of an ethical dilemma. True False

True An ethical dilemma is a situation in which you have to decide whether to pursue a course of action that may benefit you or your organization but that is unethical or even illegal.

Prior to opening his business, Sal, the owner of The Italian Kitchen, is writing a document that explains the reason for his business. This statement would be a part of his mission statement. True False

True An organization's reason for being is expressed in a mission statement.

The system of governing a company so that the interests of corporate owners and other stakeholders are protected is known as corporate governance. True False

True Corporate governance is the system of governing a company so that the interests of corporate owners and other stakeholders are protected.

Franchising allows restaurants internationally to pay a fee plus a percentage of the profits in return for using a company's name and assistance with management, marketing, and the training of managers and nonmanagement employees. True False

True Franchising is a form of licensing in which a company allows a foreign company to pay it a fee and a share of the profit in return for using the first company's brand name and a package of materials and services.

Robert is a district manager who oversees several store managers in a national chain of restaurants. Robert reports directly to the vice president of stores and marketing, a member of top management. Robert is a middle manager. True False

True Middle managers implement the policies and plans of the top managers above them and supervise and coordinate the activities of the first-line managers below them. In the for-profit world, the titles may be "division head," "plant manager," and "branch sales manager."

George is developing a new employee schedule for his lawncare service due to the increase in business during the summer. While doing this, George is involved in organizing. True False

True Organizing is defined as arranging tasks, people, and other resources to accomplish the work.

When Paul, a new restaurant owner, is determining which products to offer on his menu, he is involved in the management function of planning. True False

True Planning is defined as setting goals and deciding how to achieve them. An owner and manager must decide the best way to accomplish this. For example, Paul must ask which of several possible food items should be offered.

To start work every day, David sits down and sets his goals for the day and then he decides how to achieve them, formulating future courses of action to achieve the specified results. This is the definition of planning. True False

True Planning is defined as setting goals and deciding how to achieve them. Another definition is that planning is coping with uncertainty by formulating future courses of action to achieve specified results.

Strategic management is a process in the formulation, implementation, and execution of strategies and strategic goals to advance the purposes of the organization. True False

True Strategic management is a process that involves managers from all parts of the organization—top managers, middle managers, and first-line managers—in the formulation, implementation, and execution of strategies and strategic goals to advance the purposes of the organization.

Luis, the owner of a shoe factory in Panama, is unhappy due to a tax that the U.S. government has implemented on shoes exported there to protect U.S. shoe companies. This is an example of a tariff. True False

True Tariffs are fees imposed on imported goods for the purpose of protecting their own domestic industries.

The macroenvironment, which includes sociocultural, demographic, political-legal and international forces, cannot easily be controlled by organizations. True False

True The general environment, or macroenvironment, of an organization includes six forces: economic, technological, sociocultural, demographic, political-legal, and international. Companies may be able to control some forces in the task environment, but you can't control those in the general (macro) environment.

The global village refers to the "shrinking" of time and space as air travel and the electronic media have made it easier for people worldwide to communicate with one another. True False

True The global village refers to the "shrinking" of time and space as air travel and the electronic media have made it easier for the people of the globe to communicate with one another.

In the office of every general manager of Relaxing Hotel there is a small poster that reads, "We want to become the only place our customers want to stay for the night while traveling." This is the vision statement for Relaxing Hotels. True False

True Vision statements answer the question, "What do we want to become?" or "Where do we want to go?"

Don, a middle manager for a large restaurant chain, received an e-mail from the CEO outlining the new goal of decreasing company costs over the next three years. This is an example of a strategic goal. True False

True Strategic goals are set by and for top management and focus on objectives for the organization as a whole.

The belief that quality stemmed from "constancy of purpose," and that managers should stress teamwork, be helpful rather than simply give orders, and make employees feel comfortable about asking questions was proposed by _____. W. Edwards Deming Max Weber Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Mary Parker Follett Henri Fayol

W. Edwards Deming Deming believed that quality stemmed from "constancy of purpose," a steady focus on an organization's mission, along with statistical measurement and reduction of variations in production, and that managers should stress teamwork, be helpful rather than simply give orders, and make employees feel comfortable about asking questions.

________'s mission is to provide low-interest loans to developing nations for improving transportation, education, health, and telecommunications Trading Bloc International Monetary Fund World Bank Mercosur

World Bank

designed to monitor and enforce trade agreements: North American Free Trade Agreement World Trade Organization Trading Bloc Mercosur

World Trade Organization

Having some clients who are less knowledgeable about investing and seem to be more trusting of their firm, the management of a financial advising organization has decided to use cash from newer investors to pay off older ones. The actions of management are an example of ____. insider trading a JIT system a code of conduct a Ponzi scheme a business plan

a Ponzi scheme A Ponzi scheme is using cash from newer investors to pay off older ones.

A goal is _____. a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time the purpose of the organization a type of plan a norm that can result in organization synergy a type of mission statement

a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time

Licensing is when a company ____. allows a foreign company to pay it a fee to make or distribute the first company's product or service pays a competitor a fee to avoid a company's territory allows another company to pay it a fee to train its employees barters goods for goods in lieu of a monetary payment develops a strategic plan for another organization

allows a foreign company to pay it a fee to make or distribute the first company's product or service

At ABC Manufacturing, employees work together to achieve the company goals and purposes. This describes ___. visionaries stretch goals an organization a force ad hoc teams

an orgnization

According to researcher Daniel Pink, when employees feel a sense of purpose—when their work has meaning—workers _____. eliminate all company fraud are more efficient, loyal, and creative will continue to work past the age of 90 tend to focus on short-term happiness sell more product

are more efficient, loyal, and creative Workers are more efficient, loyal, and creative when they feel a sense of purpose—when their work has meaning, says Daniel H. Pink. When employers make profits their primary focus, employees develop negative feelings toward the organization.

The discipline concerned with creating computer systems that simulate human reasoning and sensation is known as ___. human simulation artificial intelligence cognitive cloning IT simulation simulation production

artificial intelligence

Countertrading is ___ goods for goods. selling bartering licensing sourcing outsourcing

bartering

Business scholar Archie Carroll suggested that the first and primary responsibility of an organization in the global economy is to ___. obey the law of host countries as well as international law be a good global corporate citizen, as defined by the host country's expectations be ethical in its practices have a green attitude be profitable consistent with expectations for international business

be profitable consistent with expectations for international business Making a profit consistent with expectations for international business is at the bottom of Carroll's global corporate social responsibility pyramid. These priorities are illustrated in the pyramid in Figure 3.2.

The example in the textbook of Paul English of Kayak.com altering an existing open-office seating arrangement by using new employees to change existing seating patterns is an example of ____. the office politics approach a Theory X method the hostility effect behavioral science research synergy research

behavioral science research Behavioral science relies on scientific research for developing theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers, such as increasing productivity by changing an office seating plan.

When utilizing SMART goals or MBO, deadlines can help you keep your eye on the ______ while simultaneously paying attention to _____. profits; employee satisfaction big picture; the necessary details customer; the employees task at hand; ethical standards profitability; details you may be missing

big picture; the necessary details Deadlines can help you keep your eye on the "big picture" while simultaneously paying attention to the details that will help you realize the big picture.

An organization's internal stakeholders consist of ___. customers, families of employees, and employees board of directors, customers, and owners board of directors, employees, and suppliers competitors, the community, and suppliers board of directors, employees, and owners

board of directors, employees, and owners

A multinational corporation is a(n) ____. business firm with operations in several countries organization with a globally diverse culture nonprofit global company organization that helps businesses set up global companies corporation with a globally diverse workforce

business firm with operations in several countries

Tom, who owns a successful business with two locations and a few international clients, was approached by a large organization about dramatically expanding his company. Tom later told his wife that he is happy with his success, but he wants to stay small because if he decides to add new products, small companies ____. typically maneuver slowly with new ideas can get started more easily and maneuver faster take more time to start new endeavors tend to not change due to inexperienced management can adjust more easily to capital shortages

can get started more easily and maneuver faster The Internet and the World Wide Web allow almost anyone to be global, which has two important results: (1) small companies can get started more easily, and (2) small companies can maneuver faster. For example, a small company can be extremely responsive to tax code changes.

Marie and Marti are partners who solely own M and M Florist. As owners, they can ____. decide not to pay their stockholders claim an organization as their legal property claim limited partnership avoid claiming any legal responsibility for M and M claim only limited liability

claim an organization as their legal property The owners of an organization consist of all those who can claim it as their legal property.

The historical perspective includes three viewpoints: _______. classical, scientific, quantitative systems, contingency, quality management contemporary, historical, scientific classical, behavioral, quantitative classical, operations, scientific

classical, behavioral, quantitative The historical perspective includes three viewpoints: classical, behavioral, and quantitative.

For years ABC Copier, a copier machine supplier, enjoyed strong sales and a huge share of the copier market, far ahead of its competition. However, over the years, ABC seldom asked customers for feedback. So when some of ABC's competition responded to what customers need and started offering copiers with new technology, ABC lost much of its market share. ABC utilizes a(n) ____ system. blind open closed isolated internal

closed A closed system has little interaction with its environment; that is, it receives very little feedback from the outside. The classical management viewpoint often considered an organization a closed system. So does the management science perspective, which simplifies organizations for purposes of analysis. However, any organization that ignores feedback from the environment opens itself up to possibly spectacular failures.

A formal written set of ethical standards guiding an organization's actions is a(n) ____. code of ethics business plan moral compass ethical plan dilemma document

code of ethics A code of ethics consists of a formal written set of ethical standards guiding an organization's actions. Most codes offer guidance on how to treat customers, suppliers, competitors, and other stakeholders. The purpose is to clearly state top management's expectations for all employees. Most codes prohibit bribes.

Using state-of-the-art computer software and hardware to help people work better together is known as ____. knowledge management a wisdom system a knowledge base a strategy database collaborative computing

collaborative computing Using state-of-the-art computer software and hardware to help people work better together is known as collaborative computing. Goal setting and feedback will be conducted via Web-based software programs such as eWorkbench, which enables managers to create and track employee goals.

The city fire department offers its services to any individual within its city limits, so even Paul, who is driving through the city on vacation, received assistance with a car fire. The fire department is an example of a ___ organization. servant commonweal for-profit mutual benefit volunteer

commonwealth

Rebecca and Donna, owners of Fine Coffee and Pastry Shop, are concerned because Panera Bread is opening a new store just one mile from their shop. Rebecca and Donna know that Panera will be offering similar products; therefore, Panera Bread will be a ____ to Rebecca and Donna. internal stakeholder distributor strategic ally competitor competitive ally

competitor Competitors are people or organizations that compete for customers or resources.

When Randy, a general manager of a national retailer, moved to a different store in his company that was having difficulty, he knew that sales were low and after talking to his employees, he found morale was also low. At first Randy thought attitudes were poor due to low sales, but after working closely with employees, he realized that the poor attitudes were actually the cause of poor sales. Randy was able to discover the cause of the problem by utilizing ______ skills. technical soft people perceptive conceptual

conceptual

Within her company, Maria utilizes a management style that varies according to the individual and environmental situation, with a strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production. She has also set up a system with inputs, outputs, transformation processes, and feedback. Maria's management perspective is best described as _____. historical behavioral contemporary quantitative classical

contemporary The contemporary perspective includes three viewpoints: systems, contingency, and quality management. The systems viewpoint sees organizations as a system, either open or closed, with inputs, outputs, transformation processes, and feedback. The contingency viewpoint emphasizes that a manager's approach should vary according to the individual and environmental situation. The quality-management viewpoint has two traditional approaches: quality control, the strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production, and quality assurance, which focuses on the performance of workers, urging employees to strive for zero defects.

John, the owner of a lawn care service, likes to meet with his employees six months after their yearly evaluation to discuss how they are progressing on suggestions on and plans to improve their yearly job evaluation. At this point, by comparing the six-month results with the past evaluation, John is in the ______ steps of the planning/control cycle. planning organizing control observation termination

control Controlling the direction includes the corrective action in step 4 of the cycle, which (a) can get a project back on track before it's too late by correcting deviations or (b) if it's too late, can provide data for improving future plans. In this case, at the end of the performance period, the information can be used to improve future plans.

While setting up their corporation, Ming and Jie implement a system of governing their organization so that the interests of corporate owners and other stakeholders are protected. This is an example of a _____. a JIT system corporate governance a code of ethics a business plan a TQM system

corporate governance Corporate governance is the system of governing a company so that the interests of corporate owners and other stakeholders are protected.

The notion that corporations are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit to help society known is ____. the corporate servant attitude the act of corporate sustainability corporate morality societal responsibility corporate social responsibility

corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the notion that corporations are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit to help society.

The planning/control cycle has two control steps: (1) control the direction by comparing results with the plan and (2) control the direction by taking corrective action in two ways—namely by _____. correcting deviations in the plan being carried out or improving future plans researching ways to plan better and increasing profits improving future plans, and, if needed, cutting costs increasing organization synergy and diversity receiving feedback, and, if needed, making new plans

correcting deviations in the plan being carried out or improving future plans The planning/control cycle has two control steps: (1) control the direction by comparing results with the plan and (2) control the direction by taking corrective action in two ways—namely by correcting deviations in the plan being carried out or by improving future plans.

The shared set of beliefs, values, knowledge, and patterns of behavior common to its people is a nation's _____. synergy laws alliances ethical set culture

culture A nation's culture is the shared set of beliefs, values, knowledge, and patterns of behavior common to a group of people.

Susan, from Iowa, arrived in Saudi Arabia and immediately noticed that the way Saudi men treat women is vastly different than how men in the U.S. treat women. Susan was feeling uncomfortable because she was experiencing ___. cognitive dissonance travel lag culture shock ethnocentrism situational cues

culture shock Because a culture is made up of so many nuances, visitors to another culture may experience culture shock, the feelings of discomfort and disorientation associated with being in an unfamiliar culture.

Even for nonprofits, sooner or later there will be no organization without ____. synergy focus ethical standards customers good laws the Employee Rule

customers

An organization's external stakeholders include ____. customers and employees employees, owners, and the board of directors customers, competitors, suppliers, distributors, strategic allies, employee associations, local communities, financial institutions, government regulators, special-interest groups, and the mass media suppliers, distributors, employees, owners, and the board of directors management and non-management employees

customers, competitors, suppliers, distributors, strategic allies, employee associations, local communities, financial institutions, government regulators, special-interest groups, and the mass media External stakeholders are people or groups in the organization's external environment that are affected by it.

At the strategic level of planning, managers must pay attention to the environment outside the organization, be future oriented, and ____. be more likely to understand the competition have less competition have more stability than at other levels have more control over employee issues deal with uncertain and competitive conditions

deal with uncertain and competitive conditions According to Figure 5.3, strategic planning includes long-term decisions about the overall direction of the organization. At the strategic level of planning managers must pay attention to the environment outside the organization, be future oriented, and deal with uncertain and competitive conditions.

Thomas has been studying Hugo Munsterberg's suggestions, and like Munsterberg, Thomas believes that psychologists can contribute to industry by _____. helping companies increase efficiency and productivity helping organizations increase diversity encouraging employees to develop new products devising management strategies to influence employees to follow management's interests developing strategies to influence employees to follow their interests

devising management strategies to influence employees to follow management's interests Hugo Munsterberg suggested that psychologists could contribute to industry in three ways: (1) study jobs and determine which people are best suited to specific jobs, (2) identify the psychological conditions under which employees do their best work, and (3) devise management strategies to influence employees to follow management's interests.

A pay structure, in which more efficient workers earn higher wages, as suggested by Frederick W. Taylor, is known as a(n) _____ system. increasing wage scale merited pay differential rate wide wage

differential rate Taylor, the father of scientific management, suggested employers institute a differential rate system, in which more efficient workers earned higher wages.

When more efficient workers earn higher wages, this is known as a _____ pay structure. scaled rate merited pay sliding wage biased wage differential rate

differential rate Taylor, the father of scientific management, suggested employers institute a differential rate system, in which more efficient workers earned higher wages.

China has been accused by shrimpers in South Louisiana of selling shrimp in the United States at a lower price than U.S. suppliers to drive down the price of American shrimp. The U.S. shrimpers are accusing the Chinese of ___. dumping establishing an embargo applying import quotas outsourcing trade protectionism

dumping Dumping is the practice of a foreign company's exporting products abroad at a lower price than the price in the home market or even below the costs of production to drive down the price of the domestic product.

Quotas are designed to prevent _____. exporting an embargo tariffs dumping outsourcing

dumping Quotas are designed to prevent dumping, which is the practice of a foreign company's exporting products abroad at a lower price than the price in the home market—or even below the costs of production—to drive down the price of the domestic product.

The behavioral viewpoint developed over the following phases: _____. early behaviorism, human relations movement, behavioral science early behaviorism, human relations movement, scientific management early behaviorism, industrial, human relations movement early behaviorism, human relations movement, administrative phase operations management, human relations movement, MBO phase

early behaviorism, human relations movement, behavioral science

The macroenvironment includes these forces: _______. international, demographic, diversity, family, culture, technology diversity, microenvironment, sociocultural, demographic, political-legal economic, technological, sociocultural, demographic, political-legal, international globalism, technological, sociocultural, demographic, microenvironment economic, technological, sociocultural, diversity

economic, technological, sociocultural, demographic, political-legal, international Beyond the task environment is the general environment, or macroenvironment, which includes six forces: economic, technological, sociocultural, demographic, political-legal, and international.

Greg, a supervisor, is known by his managers to be sharp in his decisions and has a good track record of meeting his goals. Greg is a(n) ____ manager. mentoring efficient visionary diverse effective

effective Effectiveness is the organization's ends, the goals. To be effective means to achieve results, to make the right decisions, and to successfully carry them out so they achieve the organization's goals.

Tom, a restaurant general manager, carefully watches his restaurant costs by reusing some items that in the past were immediately thrown away. Tom is an example of a(n) _____ manager. diverse mentoring efficient visionary effective

efficient Efficiency is the means of attaining the organization's goals. To be efficient means to use resources like people, money, and raw materials wisely and cost effectively.

Management is defined as the pursuit of organizational goals ____. efficiently and effectively efficiently and in a detailed-oriented manner correctly and with synergy with passion and effectiveness economically

efficiently and effectively

The United States has prohibited the import of products from Iran due to the political situation in that nation. This ban is an example of a(n) ____. protective accord embargo tariff import accord import limit

embargo An embargo is a complete ban on the import or export of certain products.

The employees of Mom's Pizza, a local pizza restaurant, feel that the owners and managers really try to follow the ethical policies outlined in their company's code of ethics. Pete, a cook, said that "Just today, Joe, our manager, called our supplier to let them know we received an extra case of tomatoes that we did not pay for. And they do this type of thing almost every day." Mom's Pizza maintains a(n) _____. holier-than-thou atmosphere synergy environment profitable climate ethical climate dilemma-free climate

ethical climate An ethical climate represents employees' perceptions about the extent to which work environments support ethical behavior. It is important for managers to foster ethical climates because they significantly affect the frequency of ethical behavior.

John, a construction manager, has been having problems finding quality employees in some of his foreign offices. While speaking with his attorney, Alisha, he mentioned that "in our locations overseas, many of our good employees have been quitting, and as you know, we have numerous lawsuits over personnel policies." Alisha explained that historically, these types of issues are a result of ____ policies. ethnocentric polycentric geocentric synergy MBO

ethnocentric A survey of 918 companies with home offices in the United States, Japan, and Europe found that ethnocentric policies were linked to such problems as recruiting difficulties, high turnover rates, and lawsuits over personnel policies.

The beliefs that there are few really new ideas and that true is better than new are two of the foundational principles of ___. the quality-management viewpoint scientific management evidence-based management MBO behavioral management

evidence-based management Evidence-based management is based on three truths: there are few really new ideas, true is better than new, and doing well usually dominates.

Dave's Furniture in South Carolina produces high-quality furniture and ships its products to customers in over 40 countries. This is an example of ____. dumping importing bartering countermarketing exporting

exporting When exporting, a company produces goods domestically and sells them outside the country.

A government's seizure of a domestic or foreign company's assets is known as ____. expropriation outsourcing embargoing diversification globalizing

expropriation Expropriation is defined as a government's seizure of a domestic or foreign company's assets.

Controlling is the arranging of jobs, people, and other resources to accomplish tasks and responsibilities. True False

false Organizing is defined as arranging tasks, people, and other resources to accomplish the work.

Efficiency and effectiveness means to use resources—people, money, raw materials, and the like—wisely and cost effectively. True False

false To be efficient means to use resources like people, money, and raw materials wisely and cost effectively. To be effective means to achieve results, to make the right decisions, and to successfully carry them out so they achieve the organization's goals.

When the sales of a certain brand of diet soda slowed, a national grocery retailer decided to drop the price of that product, which resulted in a large increase in sales of the soda. This sales increase is a type of ____. quality control feedback input outcry Big Data

feedback Feedback is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs. Are the customers buying or not buying the product?

Today nearly one in six American workers is _____. foreign-born born in Canada born in the United States under the age of 18 over the age of 65

foreign-born

Patsy, a nurse, has decided to start a home health care service to assist with the medical, meal preparation, and light housecleaning needs of older adults. To grow her business, Patsy is focusing her marketing efforts on the older adult population; as she does this, she is involved with the _____ environment. general strategic allies natural capital task internal

general Age is part of the demographic force, and demographic forces are part of an organization's general environment.

A large production company has been utilizing the Hawthorne effect in its 12 international factories, and it has seen great success from implementing the Hawthorne principles that propose that ____. increasing diversity results in increases in worker productivity increasing synergy increases worker productivity giving more attention to employees increases worker productivity, if they think managers care about them cutting costs through outsourcing harms employee morale and productivity giving less attention to employees increases worker productivity

giving more attention to employees increases worker productivity, if they think managers care about them The Hawthorne studies were faulted for being poorly designed and not having enough empirical data to support the conclusions. Nevertheless, they succeeded in drawing attention to the importance of "social man" (social beings) and how managers using good human relations could improve worker productivity.

Regulatory agencies that establish ground rules under which organizations may operate are known as ____. government regulators watch dogs interest groups whistle-blowers government moderators

government regulators Government regulators establish ground rules under which organizations may operate.

The multiplier effect states that a manager's influence on the organization ___. can have great and continual cost implications can result in many types of company diversity also results in large consequences for employees' families has implications far beyond the results that can be achieved by one person acting alone is felt repeatedly for many days

has implications far beyond the results that can be achieved by one person acting alone

Abraham Maslow's listing of physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs, and his belief that some of these needs must be satisfied before others, was proposed in his _________. hierarchy of human needs theory Y hierarchy of human psychology development process approach theory X

hierarchy of human needs In 1943, Maslow proposed his famous hierarchy of human needs: physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.

When talking with Shane, a sales manager, she remarked that typically, her employees sincerely and positively overstate their job performance and abilities. This is an example of the ____ effect. motivated blindness fudging holier-than-thou overstatement cheating

holier-than-thou With the "holier-than-thou" effect, science writer Benedict Carey suggests, "people tend to be overly optimistic about their own abilities and fortunes—to overestimate their standing in class, their sincerity, their discipline."

The United States limits the amount of cheese purchased from other countries; this policy is a type of ____. trade embargo export quota import dumping import tariff import quota

import quota An import quota is a trade barrier in the form of a limit on the numbers of a product that can be imported.

Dominique owns an international grocery store where customers can purchase products from other countries. Dominique's store is an example of a company that ____. exports inputs imports countertrades globalizes

imports When importing, a company buys goods outside the country and resells them domestically.

An ethical dilemma is a situation ____. you must emphasize social performance in which you need to decrease costs you must emphasize economic performance you review standards of right and wrong that influence behavior in which you have to decide whether to pursue a course of action that may benefit you or your organization but is unethical or even illegal

in which you have to decide whether to pursue a course of action that may benefit you or your organization but is unethical or even illegal

Hannah, an engineer for an oil company, is interested in working overseas at this stage of her life because she knows that foreign work experience demonstrates ____ to potential employers. discipline and a strong will independence and strong leadership skills good management skills independence, resourcefulness, and entrepreneurship independence, resourcefulness, and discipline

independence, resourcefulness, and entrepreneurship Foreign experience demonstrates independence, resourcefulness, and entrepreneurship, according to management recruiters.

Steve, a recent college graduate in computer programming, is interested in several positions with global companies because he knows that working in other countries exhibits ____ to potential employers according to management recruiters. polycentricity and strong leadership skills ethnocentricity independence, resourcefulness, and entrepreneurship discipline and flexibility independence, flexibility, and discipline

independence, resourcefulness, and entrepreneurship Foreign experience demonstrates independence, resourcefulness, and entrepreneurship, according to management recruiters.

Donna, a chef in a fine restaurant, utilizes top-of-the-line equipment as she prepares meals for customers. Donna and her equipment are a(n) ______ in the restaurant's system. output-participant piece cog input output

input Inputs are the people, money, information, equipment, and materials required to produce an organization's goods or services. Whatever goes into a system is an input.

Greg, the president of an IT company, purchased a large number of shares of company stock before the news of a new revolutionary computer processor was made public that will cause company profits to increase considerably. This action by Greg could be considered an example of _____. insider trading a Ponzi scheme ethical behavior internal information information abuse

insider trading Insider trading is the illegal trading of a company's stock by people using confidential company information.

The board of directors, employees, and owners are the organization's ___. community stakeholders advisory group shareholders internal stakeholders external stakeholders

internal stakeholders' The internal stakeholders consist of employees, owners, and the board of directors (if any).

changes in the economic, political, legal, and technological global system that may affect an organization are ______ forces. demographic local internal stakeholder international technological

international International forces are changes in the economic, political, legal, and technological global system that may affect an organization.

According to management scholar Henry Mintzberg, managers play three roles: 1)interdependent, monitor, analytical 2)professional, leader, informational 3)interpersonal, analytical, monitor 4)interpersonal, analytical, professional 5)interpersonal, informational, decisional

interpersonal, informational, decisional

The police chief is meeting with some citizens in his community, where he will discuss the police department's positive service delivery. The success of his organization is measured by _____. its profitability its increased involvement in the community its effectiveness, such as decreased crime how much money he saved last year its image in the public's eyes

its effectiveness, such as decreased crime In a nonprofit organization, although income and expenditures are very important concerns, the measure of success is usually the effectiveness of the services delivered.

A national sales organization has implemented a set of training courses on its intranet, with a link that allows employees to find and share answers to questions that arise with customers. This system that allows the sharing of knowledge and information throughout an organization is known as ___. a knowledge base a wisdom system a strategy database knowledge management knowledge implementation

knowledge management

A national sales organization has implemented a sets of training courses on its intranet, with a link that allows employees to find and share answers to questions that arise with customers. A system that allows the sharing of knowledge and information throughout an organization is known as ___. knowledge implementation a strategy database a wisdom system knowledge management Big Data

knowledge management Knowledge management is the implementing of systems and practices to increase the sharing of knowledge and information throughout an organization.

At times, customers have an unexpected need and require certain departments, such as production, to change their schedule to meet the demands of the sales department. When Susan, the vice president of marketing, is involved in resolving this conflict, this is an essential part of which management function? staffing delegating leading implementing monitoring

leading

When communicating across cultures, the best option regarding language use is _____. rely on the goodwill and knowledge of others assume that business is always conducted in English use a translation app or device employ a translator learn the local language

learn the local language In communicating across cultures, you have four options: (a) You can speak your own language. (The average American believes that about half the world can speak English, when actually it's close to 18%.) (b) You can use a translator. (Try to get one who will be loyal to you rather than to your overseas host.) (c) You can try using a translation app, such as Google Translate, that turns a smartphone into an interpreter, although this can be cumbersome. (d) You can learn the local language—by far the best option.

Don works diligently to accomplish the company goals in an efficient and effective manner, utilizing his employees through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling company resources. Don is ___. delegating developing synergy entrepreneuring managing vision planning

managing

Don works diligently to accomplish the company goals in an efficient and effective manner, utilizing his employees through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling company resources. Don is ___. developing synergy entrepreneuring delegating managing vision planning

managing

In a late October marketing meeting, Theresa, the branch manager, told her marketing manager, Sal, that she needed two things by the end of the year from him: "First I want your goals for next year, and then I need your action plan to reach your goals, your ____." code of ethics vision statement marketing plan business plan expense report

marketing plan The goal should be followed by an action plan, which defines the course of action needed to achieve the stated goal, such as a marketing plan or sales plan.

On an organization's board of directors, inside directors ____; outside directors _____. are always retired executives; typically are employees are supposed to be elected from outside the organization; may be members of the firm must work for the organization; are paid members of the organization may be members of the firm; are supposed to be elected from outside the firm must work for the company; are also members of the firm

may be members of the firm; are supposed to be elected from outside the firm Inside directors may be members of the firm; outside directors are supposed to be elected from outside the firm.

Elite Coffee and Bakery, a café that offers a relaxing environment to enjoy quality coffees, teas, soups, and other menu items, has a poster in the front of its restaurants that reads, "We will always provide a quality product to help our customers better meet the challenges of their day and always take the time to offer caring service one person at a time." This statement is Elite's ___. code of ethics belief statement management pledge mission statement goals pact

mission statement A mission statement expresses the purpose of the organization. Whether the organization is for-profit or nonprofit, the mission statement identifies the goods or services the organization provides and will provide. Sometimes it also gives the reasons for providing them (to make a profit or to achieve humanitarian goals, for example).

Quality Vacuum has been manufacturing excellent vacuum cleaners for over 50 years. In the employee break room is a banner that reads, "We will always provide the highest-quality vacuums at the lowest cost to our customers and always give honest, winning customer service, thereby earning a fair profit for our stakeholders." This statement is Quality Vacuum's ____. objective statement mission statement code of ethics vision statement heart pact

mission statement A mission statement expresses the purpose of the organization. Whether the organization is for-profit or nonprofit, the mission statement identifies the goods or services the organization provides and will provide. Sometimes it also gives the reasons for providing them (to make a profit or to achieve humanitarian goals, for example).

Raylene, the CEO of a Fortune 500 company, met with business leaders from the local community. Afterwards, she spent time informally answering their questions about the company as part of which managerial role? monitor entrepreneur consumerism resource allocator leadership figurehead

monitor

Dawn, a young single mother, found a wallet with a large amount of money inside. In the past she has always tried to return the cash to the owner, knowing it is the right thing to do. However, with tough times, she has decided to keep the cash. She told a friend, "I don't normally do this, but we really need the money. So I really have to do it this one time." The most likely explanation for Dawn's behavior is _____. motivated blindness the need-to effect sociocultural forces the holier-than-thou effect a depression disorder

motivated blindness Motivated blindness is the tendency to overlook information that works against our best interest. "People who have a vested self-interest, even the most honest among us, have difficulty being objective," says one report. "Worse yet, they fail to recognize their lack of objectivity." Motivated blindness enables us to behave unethically while maintaining a positive self-image.

Alonzo, the president of the student class and honor society, has been very busy and did not study for the history test. Although Alonzo is very confident, he realizes that he probably will not do well on the exam and has talked himself into cheating because he feels it is worth it to maintain his strong GPA, which he will need to be accepted by a good college. He tells his friend, "I don't usually do this, but I really have to do it." The cause of Alonzo's behavior is ____. the deception effect a depression disorder the holier-than-thou effect the cheating requirement motivated blindness

motivated blindness Motivated blindness is the tendency to overlook information that works against our best interest. "People who have a vested self-interest, even the most honest among us, have difficulty being objective," says one report. "Worse yet, they fail to recognize their lack of objectivity." Motivated blindness enables us to behave unethically while maintaining a positive self-image. Most students rationalize their behavior by saying, "I don't usually do this, but I really have to do it." They would rather cheat, that is, than show their families they got an F.

Tops Burger, based out of Texas, has locations in 25 countries. Tops is a ____. foreign firm foreign partner multinational organization conglomerate multinational corporation

multinational corporation A multinational corporation, or multinational enterprise, is a business firm with operations in several countries.

A goal is also known as a(n) ____. norm business plan task vision objective

objective A goal, also known as an objective, is a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time.

For MBO to be successful, top management must be committed, it must be applied organizationwide, and _____. there must be community support objectives must cascade employees need to provide continuous feedback to each other objectives must remain fixed and unchanging objectives must be generated bottom-up

objectives must cascade For MBO to be successful, top management must be committed, it must be applied organizationwide, and objectives must cascade.

Right Motors calls its customers after they purchase an automobile from the dealership. In addition, every year customers are asked to complete a short survey about the car they purchased from Right and the dealer's service. This is an example of a(n) ___ system. open closed ongoing open-door environmental

open An open system continually interacts with its environment.

Managers in a plumbing company have been having problems with employees starting cliques. To develop more of a team culture, the CEO suggested utilizing Mary Parker Follett's belief: companies should _____. increase diversity utilize time-motion studies operate as a community, with employees working in harmony implement a more rigid environment strive to cut costs and increase efficiency

operate as a community, with employees working in harmony One of Mary Parker Follett's important contributions to management theory was that organizations should be operated as "communities," with managers and subordinates working together in harmony.

Donna is the service desk coordinator in a department store, and she has set a goal this month of finishing her daily office work quicker so she can assist at the Service Desk earlier in the morning. She knows this will also help decrease theft, which will assist the company in achieving its goal of decreasing costs. Donna's goal of finishing her office work quicker is a(n) _____. operational goal operating plan strategic goal strategic plan tactical plan

operational goal Operational goals are set by and for first-line managers and are concerned with short-term matters associated with realizing tactical goals.

Susan is a front-line supervisor in a grocery retailer. She desires to decrease the time she spends working on doing her daily closing work. This objective set by Susan and for her is an example of a(n) ____. operational goal supervisory objective tactical goal lower-level objective front-line goal

operational goal Operational goals are set by and for first-line managers and are concerned with short-term matters associated with realizing tactical goals.

A local farmer grows and sells tomatoes and beans to the local grocers. Using the systems viewpoint, the tomatoes, beans, and profits that are earned from the sales are known as a(n) _____. therblig transformational process result input output

output Outputs are the products, services, profits, losses, employee satisfaction or discontent, and the like that are produced by the organization. Whatever comes out of the system is an output.

Amy, a successful banker and educator, has decided to retire, but she is very interested in staying involved with a company "that cares." So when asked to be on its board of directors, she gladly accepted the invitation. As a member of the board, Amy will be involved with the organization's ____. overall strategic goals and approval of major decisions daily company management and employee supervision oversight of sales and marketing overall strategic goals and global HR management daily specific company goals and management of a specific department

overall strategic goals and approval of major decisions Members of the board of directors are very important in setting the organization's overall strategic goals and in approving the major decisions and salaries of top management.

The triple bottom line represents ______, also known as the ____. people, purpose, and profit; triple Ps financial forecasting; financial positive Fs people, planet, and profit; 3 Ps energy, excitement, and excuse; and excuse success formula synergy, diversity, and change; diversity scale

people, planet, and profit; 3 Ps The triple bottom line—representing people, planet, and profit (the 3 Ps)—measures an organization's social, environmental, and financial performance.

Paul and Anna Jones are wealthy entrepreneurs who are very interested in helping children who have been abused. Their goal is to donate a percentage of their company profits to helping these children. The Jones's actions are an example of _____. philanthropy corporate ethics mentoring corporate governance corporate sustainability

philanthropy Philanthropy is defined as making charitable donations to benefit humankind.

While sitting at her desk, Ann is setting goals and deciding how to achieve them. She is ___. delegating synergizing controlling planning diversifying

planning

To better meet corporate goals this year, Donna, a CEO, is encouraging her managers to focus on the major functions of management, which include ______. recruiting, monitoring, delegating, coordinating planning, organizing, recruiting, monitoring, delegating planning, organizing, leading, controlling planning, organizing, leading, controlling, arbitrating recruiting, planning, organizing, leading

planning, organizing, leading, controlling Fayol was the first to identify the major functions of management—planning, organizing, leading, and controlling—as well as coordinating.

To ensure that plans are moving in the right direction, managers can use the ______. satisficing strategy synergy method efficiency plan means-ends chain planning/control cycle

planning/control cycle The planning/control cycle describes a constant feedback loop designed to ensure plans stay headed in the right direction.

The profits of ABC Grocery have dropped significantly over the last several months. After investigating, the owner realizes that the store is moving in the wrong direction in many departments, so there needs to be greater focus by management. This is an example of how an organization can progress in the wrong direction with ____. a poor plan no focus on JIT too much employee diversity little company diversity no code of ethics

poor plan A poor plan can send an organization in the wrong direction.

Monochronic time is a ___. time when little is accomplished preference for doing one thing at a time time of chronic, frequent errors preference for multitasking desire to do as little as possible for a period of time

preference for doing one thing at a time Monochronic time is a preference for doing one thing at a time. In this perception, time is viewed as being limited, precisely segmented, and schedule driven.

Polychronic time is a ___. time when little is accomplished preference for doing one thing at a time time of chronic, frequent errors preference for multitasking desire to do as little as possible for a period of time

preference for multitasking

To help maintain a competitive advantage, the emphasis for most companies is on _____. employee training employee longevity production efficiency employee happiness company synergy

production efficiency A generation ago, organizations rewarded employees for their length of service. Today, however, the emphasis is on efficiency: Companies strive to produce goods or services as quickly as possible using as few employees (and raw materials) as possible.

A single-use plan encompassing a variety of projects or activities is an example of a ___. project policy procedure program rule

program A program is a single-use plan encompassing a range of projects or activities.

Paula, the store manager, asked Tom to organize the prize giveaways for the store's grand reopening open house. This plan is an example of a(n) ___. program development policy project agenda

project A project is a single-use plan of less scope and complexity than a program. For example, the space shuttle project, one of several projects in the government's space program, consisted of three shuttles: Discovery, Endeavour, and Atlantis.

A tax on automobiles imported into the United States that raises prices on imported vehicles to make the price of cars produced here more competitive is a(n) ______; a tax on all oil imported into the United States, which is implemented to raise money for the American government, is known as a(n) ____. embargo agreement; income tariff protective tariff; revenue tariff import barrier; income tariff revenue tariff; protective tariff quota tariff; revenue tariff

protective tariff; revenue tariff There are two types of tariffs: One is a protective tariff, which is intended to raise the price of imported goods to make the prices of domestic products more competitive. The other, a revenue tariff, is designed simply to raise money for the government, such as a tax on all oil imported into the United States.

An organization should adopt planning and strategic management to ____. develop MBO, encourage new ideas, and increase profits decrease costs and increase synergy provide encourage new ideas, and increase organization diversity keep employees happy, encourage new ideas, and decrease costs provide direction and momentum, encourage new ideas, and develop a sustainable competitive advantage

provide direction and momentum, encourage new ideas, and develop a sustainable competitive advantage An organization should adopt planning and strategic management for three reasons: They can (1) provide direction and momentum, (2) encourage new ideas, and above all (3) develop a sustainable competitive advantage.

The plant manager of a factory that produces tires told Sal, the purchasing manager, to approach the suppliers of the plant to discuss discounts. A supplier to that factory ____. provides raw materials, services, equipment, labor, or energy helps Sal's company sell its goods and services to customers joins forces with Sal's plant to achieve advantages neither can perform as well alone competes for customers or resources rescinds tax breaks when firms don't deliver promised jobs

provides raw materials, services, equipment, labor, or energy A supplier is a person or an organization that provides supplies like raw materials, services, equipment, labor, or energy to other organizations.

The field of behavioral science includes _____. psychology, sociology, forensic science, economics psychology, forensic science, sociology, anthropology, economics chemistry, biology, earth science, management psychiatry, technology, environmental science, forensic science psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics

psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics The disciplines of behavioral science include psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics, all of which consider human behavior.

Because Ace Development Services is the only company that supplies a critical product for clients, customers of Ace are likely to ____. stop producing products needing the Ace part pay lower prices for the Ace parts be more profitable increase company synergy put up with poor-quality products

put up with poor-quality products

After returning home from a trade show, Mr. Jones, the president of a manufacturing company, spoke to his employees in a production meeting about a new approach that should increase their production bonus by improving their performance. To do so, Mr. Jones discussed a goal of "zero defects." This is an example of ____. the total quality movement scientific management redesign constancy of purpose quality assurance

quality assurance Developed in the 1960s, quality assurance focuses on the performance of workers, urging employees to strive for zero defects. Quality assurance has been less successful because often employees have no control over the design of the work process.

The justice approach to deciding ethical dilemmas is guided by _____. respect for society and the environment respect for the fundamental rights of human beings respect for impartial standards of fairness and equity what will result in the individual's best long-term interests increasing profits and workplace diversity

respect for impartial standards of fairness and equity

Steve, a hotel general manager, has had great success using MBO. Hannah, his district manager, has found that his employees are highly motivated, and she believes that this is the case because in using MBO, Steve ____. rewards his employees with compliments, raises, and other benefits as they meet their goals uses the Outward Theory that proposes discussing issues in open meetings gives few compliments, but is very honest with his employees has increased training is big on discipline

rewards his employees with compliments, raises, and other benefits as they meet their goals Because the purpose of MBO is to motivate employees, performance that meets the objectives should be rewarded with compliments, raises, bonuses, promotions, or other suitable benefits.

Mary Parker Follett anticipated some of today's concepts, such as _____. self-managed teams and worker empowerment management-lead teams and diversity worker empowerment and scientific management quality assurance and transformation processes synergy and MBO

self-managed teams and worker empowerment Mary Parker Follett anticipated some of today's concepts of "self-managed teams," "worker empowerment," and "interdepartmental teams"—that is, members of different departments working together on joint projects.

In a low-context culture ____. citizens prefer to meet face-to-face rather than electronically e-mail is a very popular method of communicating meanings are primarily derived from situational cues life moves at a very slow pace shared meanings are primarily derived from written and spoken words

shared meanings are primarily derived from written and spoken words A person from North America, Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, or Switzerland, for example, comes from a low-context culture in which shared meanings are primarily derived from written and spoken words.

What mechanism is used to provide a systematic assessment of an organization's triple bottom line? sustainability program diversity program financial audit code of ethics social audit

social audit Success in these areas can be measured through a social audit, a systematic assessment of a company's performance in implementing socially responsible programs, often based on predefined goals.

Americans driving less and young people having less interest in cars are examples of trends in society known as ____ forces. diversity financial legal political sociocultural

sociocultural Sociocultural forces are influences and trends originating in a country's, a society's, or a culture's human relationships and values that may affect an organization.

______, or the ability to motivate, to inspire trust, and to communicate with others, are important for all levels of management. Soft skills Technical skills Training skills Strategic planning Planning and organizing skills

soft skills

Tom, a production manager, believes that some of his workers are unhappy with their job, so they are not working as hard as they could be. This reduction in effort is also known as ____. soldiering getting by sliding breaking parting

soldiering Soldiering is deliberately working at less than full capacity capacity according to Frederick Taylor and the four principles of scientific management.

An entrepreneur is best described as ___. a type of research assistant a type of intrapreneur someone who develops a new enterprise without risks someone who works inside an existing organization and sees a new product opportunity someone who takes risks to try to create a new enterprise

someone who takes risks to try to create a new enterprise

Ethics are _____. always synergy driven standards of right and wrong that influence behavior rules that result in happier employees company policies that need not be discussed a type of norm

standards of right and wrong that influence behavior

Ethics are _____. influences arising from changes in the characteristics of a population behavior accepted as "right" a type of written code for an organization standards of right and wrong that influence behavior rules to be enforced in an organization

standards of right and wrong that influence behavior

Ole McDonald, a successful farm equipment supply company in the Midwest, joined with A-Plus Supply, a national hardware and home retailer, so Ole McDonald can open stores in other regions and A-Plus can now offer a high-quality product in the farm community. This is an example of a ___ relationship. strategic allies supplier customer competitor distributor

strategic allies The term strategic allies describes the relationship of two organizations who join forces to achieve advantages neither can perform as well alone.

Dave owns several computer repair shops across the Midwest, and he has set a goal for his company of cutting costs in all his locations over the next three years. Dave has set a(n) ____. operational goal tactical goal strategic goal business plan management guideline

strategic goal Strategic goals are set by and for top management and focus on objectives for the organization as a whole.

A music teacher asked her students to set a really hard goal, such as increasing your practice time by 10 hours per week, which would cause her students to stretch beyond what they think is possible, this is known as a(n) ____. mission statement strategic goal stretch goal MBO plan growing goal

stretch goal If you have outsize ambitions, you might set yourself a really hard goal (e.g., increase study time 50%)—what's known as a stretch goal, or "stretching yourself beyond what your mind might think is safe," according to one definition from Richard Branson, founder of Virgin Atlantic airlines.

The systems viewpoint regards parts making up the whole system as ____. macrosystems subsystems management collections organizational sets microsystems

subsystems Parts making up the whole system are subsystems.

When building a new residential development or mall, a national real estate organization typically does not remove many trees, basing its decision on the belief that natural resources are limited, and we need to not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This management philosophy is known as ___. enviroethics sustainability green values natural ethics social capital

sustainability Sustainability is defined as economic development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

The Jones family had a fire that destroyed their home. Various departments of a restoration company, from the initial cleanup crew to the assistance with the Jones family moving back in, worked together to achieve this goal. This is an example of a(n) ____. input-output structure structure process stepped process system

system A system is a set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose, even when it does not work well.

The top management of Tasty Foods, a food distribution company, has set strategic goals of increasing organizational market share and also decreasing corporate costs over the next three years. Greg, a division manager for Tasty Foods, has looked at his resources, and decided how his division can contribute to the two strategic goals set by upper management. These types of objectives set by Greg are _____. tactical goals vision statements management guidelines operational goals codes of ethics

tactical goals Tactical goals are set by and for middle managers and focus on the actions needed to achieve strategic goals.

Planning done by middle managers to determine what contributions their departments or similar work units can make with their given resources during the next 6 to 24 months is ____. writing a belief statement producing a code of ethics management pledging tactical planning developing a goals pact

tactical planning Tactical planning is done by middle managers to determine what contributions their departments or similar work units can make with their given resources during the next 6 to 24 months.

Like other international companies, Jane is interested in expanding her candle business globally primarily to ___. take advantage of supplies, new markets, and a diverse workforce utilize export embargos to increase business take advantage of supplies, new markets, and lower labor costs increase synergy and diversity implement tariffs and import quotas

take advantage of supplies, new markets, and lower labor costs Companies expand internationally to take advantage of availability of supplies, new markets, lower labor costs, access to finance capital, or avoidance of tariffs and import quotas.

The mass media is considered part of an organization's _____. internal stakeholders distribution network general environment macroenvironment task environment

task environment No manager can afford to ignore the power of the mass media—print, radio, TV, and the Internet—to rapidly and widely disseminate news both bad and good. Thus, most companies, universities, hospitals, and even government agencies have a public relations person or department to communicate effectively with the press. This is part of an organization's task environment.

New developments in methods for transforming resources into goods or services are _____ forces. political-legal technological demographic sociocultural media

technological Technological forces are new developments in methods for transforming resources into goods or services.

Conceptual skills consist of ____. the ability to think analytically, to visualize an organization as a whole, and to understand how the parts work together the ability to think practically the ability to work well in cooperation with other people to get things done the ability to think in a logical manner the job-specific knowledge needed to perform well in a specialized field

the ability to think analytically, to visualize an organization as a whole, and to understand how the parts work together

One way to think of management is ___. the science of helping people the science of synergy the science of accomplishing things efficiency in motion the art of getting things done through people

the art of getting things done through people

When Cheyanne, the manager, was discussing a difficult competitive problem with the owner, she asked, "What management approach do you think will work best in this situation?" Asking this question to determine a solution is utilizing ____. the synergy method the diversity viewpoint scientific management the contingency viewpoint the devil's advocate method

the contingency viewpoint The contingency viewpoint emphasizes that a manager's approach should vary according to, or be contingent on, the individual and the environmental situation.

Hugo Munsterberg was known as ____. a pioneer of scientific management the father of MBO the originator of sociology the father of industrial psychology the father of scientific management

the father of industrial psychology Hugo Munsterberg has been called the father of industrial psychology. His ideas led to the field of industrial psychology, the study of human behavior in workplaces, which is still taught in colleges today.

Last week Paul, CEO of Quality Furniture in South Carolina, traveled to Europe to visit customers. While overseas, Paul checked his e-mail daily and visited his company's website to show to customers. After visiting the last customer Friday morning, Paul was able to return to the corporate office to meet with his board of directors that night. This "shrinking" of time and space with air travel and electronic media defines ____. the intranet the global village synergy e-commerce the small world philosophy

the global village

Dave and his wife are expecting their first child this week, but Dave had to attend a very important meeting in Mexico City. While in Mexico, Dave was able to check his phone for text messages every hour, and as soon as his wife went into labor, he was able to return home in less than six hours. This "shrinking" of time and space with air travel and electronic media is known as ____. polychronic time the global village worldwide synergy offshoring the worldwide network

the global village Global village refers to the "shrinking" of time and space as air travel and the electronic media have made it easier for the people around the globe to communicate with one another.

Last week Paul, CEO of Quality Furniture in South Carolina, traveled to Europe to visit customers. While overseas, Paul checked his e-mail daily and visited his company's website to show to customers. After visiting the last customer Friday morning, Paul was able to return to the corporate office to meet with his board of directors that night. This "shrinking" of time and space with air travel and electronic media defines ____. the intranet the global village synergy e-commerce the small world philosophy

the global village Global village refers to the "shrinking" of time and space as air travel and the electronic media have made it easier for the people around the globe to communicate with one another.

For organizations' board of directors, and in particular, their oversight of the CEO, the biggest complaint appears to be _____. the lack of interest in company matters the independence of the directors the lack of corporate social responsibility the focus on profit above employee satisfaction the ethical code of management

the independence of the directors The biggest complaint concerns the independence of the directors. Inside directors may be members of the firm, but outside directors are supposed to be elected from outside the firm. However, in some companies, the outside directors have been handpicked by the CEO, making oversight difficult.

The vice president of marketing, while meeting with the district sales managers, mentioned that management theorist Peter Drucker compared ____. 1) present politicians to past leaders 2) the present economy to that of the Great Depression 3) marketing concepts of this century with the past 4) apples and oranges 5) the workplace of the future to a symphony orchestra

the workplace of the future to a symphony orchestra

New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman noted that globalization has leveled the competitive playing fields between industrial and emerging-market countries. This phenomenon proposes that ____. the world is one world economies are narrowing the world is flat globalism is decreasing one world government is the answer

the world is flat American firms have been going out into the world in a major way, even as the world has been coming to us. This has led to what New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman has called, in his book The World Is Flat, a phenomenon in which globalization has leveled (made "flat") the competitive playing fields between industrial and emerging-market countries.

The 17 basic units of motion, identified by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, were named _____. gilbreths therbligs units time frames action works

therbligs A made-up word you won't find in most dictionaries, therblig was coined by Frank Gilbreth and is, in fact, Gilbreth spelled backward, with the t and the h reversed. It refers to 1 of 17 basic motions. By identifying the therbligs in a job, Frank and his wife, Lillian, were able to eliminate motions while simultaneously reducing fatigue.

As part of becoming a world citizen, Joe, who is from Michigan and who is transferring to the Paris office, is trying to do things to ___. think local and keep a global focus enhance the American global image of being thrifty enhance the American global image of being a caring, wonderful person reinforce the American stereotype of being self-absorbed and quiet learn how not to be a "cheap American"

think local and keep a global focus Becoming a world citizen includes learning how to study up on your host country's local customs and try to meet new people who might help you in the future. You must be global in your focus, but think local.

Andre, the plant manager, is interested in increasing the facility's productivity by utilizing MBO so that his managers and their employees are more focused on objectives. This month Andre asked his managers to concentrate on the two first steps of MBO, which are ____. to periodically review performance and develop an action plan for employees to develop an action plan and study the competition for managers to develop an action plan and give a performance appraisal to jointly set objectives and have managers develop action plans to review the employee performance and set an action plan based on performance

to jointly set objectives and have managers develop action plans Management by objectives (MBO) is a four-step process in which (1) the manager and employee jointly set objectives for the employee, (2) the manager develops action plans, (3) the manager and employee periodically review the employee's performance, and (4) the manager makes a performance appraisal and rewards the employee according to results.

An import quota is a(n) ____. trade encouragement embargo export fee trade barrier type of dumping

trade barrier An import quota is a trade barrier in the form of a limit on the numbers of a product that can be imported.

The United States uses government regulations, such as tariffs, embargoes, and import quotas, to limit the import of goods and services and protect their U.S. industries against foreign competition. This use of these regulations is known as ____. blocking export protectionism trade protectionism dumping domestic protectionism

trade protectionism Countries often use trade protectionism, which is the use of government regulations to limit the import of goods and services to protect their domestic industries against foreign competition. Tariffs, embargoes, and import quotas are among the measures used in protectionism.

Felix pays a lot of attention to the environment outside his company, staying alert for long-run opportunities and problems and devising strategies for dealing with them. Felix is a(n) ____ level manager. board upper first-line monitoring team leader

upper (Top Manager)

A declaration that expresses what the organization should become and where it wants to go strategically is its ____. mission statement objectives statement management code vision statement code of ethics

vision statement A vision statement expresses what the organization should become, where it wants to go strategically.

The classical management viewpoint emphasized ____. company diversity ways to manage work more effectively MBO ways to manage work more efficiently ways to increase flexibility

ways to manage work more efficiently The classical management approach emphasized ways to manage work more efficiently.