Marriage and Family chapter 9

About _____ percent of grandparents in the United States are raising grandchildren.

11

Mothers and children make up about _____ percent of the homeless population.

40

According to research, about ________ of fathers had spanked their children.

44 percent

About __________ percent of children who are raised in poverty have emotional or behavioral difficulties.

8

Which of the following is NOT one of the "facts" discussed in the text concerning fathers as primary parents?

About 20 percent of all U.S. children under age fifteen are living with single fathers.

More __________ mothers than European American mothers spank their children.

African American

Racial/ethnic stereotyping often gives us an exaggerated, negative image of __________ as parents.

African Americans and Latinos

Compared to the average 29% for all Americans over 24 years old, 52% of which racial/ethnic group has completed four years of college or more?

Asian American

In explaining Asian American children's superior high school performance, a few Asian American social scientists have offered alternative concepts that emphasize indigenous __________, which blends parental love, concern, involvement, and physical closeness with strict and firm control.

Confucian training doctrine

According to the text, parents today face questions that would not have been imagined several decades ago. Which of the following is NOT one of the questions discussed in the text?

Does my toddler spend enough time playing video games?

__________ is out-of-home placement with biological relatives of children who are in the custody of the state.

Formal kinship care

___________ are biological or, much less often, adoptive fathers who do not live with their children.

Nonresident fathers

What was formerly known as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) is now a federal aid program called

Temporary Assistance for Needed Families

Alice Rossi has observed that the transition to parenthood is more difficult than the transition to other adult roles for several reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Unlike other adult roles, the transition to parenthood is extremely gradual.

Several alternate parenting arrangements are discussed in the text. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

assisted reproductive technology parents

The text points out that parenting is probably more satisfying for parents and effective for children when both parents use which parenting style?

authoritative

Children living in poverty are more often __________ than other children.

disabled or chronically ill

Lower-income parents are less likely to live in neighborhoods that value ______.

education

Hyperparenting is being an incredibly positive and almost perfect role model for your child. t/f

false

Many single mothers intended to raise their children without a partner. t/f

false

Mothers spank less often than fathers. t/f

false

Social fathers (nonbiological fathers in the role of father) seem to improve adolescents' outcomes when compared with living in a single-mother household. t/f

false

As adolescents search for identity and begin to define who they are and will be as adults, they need help from their parents. Which one of these is NOT a need listed by the text?

financial incentive

The goal of __________ is to provide planned, time-limited, substitute care for children who cannot be adequately cared for at home.

foster care

Jack is a grandparent and acts as the primary parent for his two grandchildren. Jack's situation is referred to in the text as a __________ family.

grandparent

Some Muslim children who wear headscarves, called __________, may be subject to ridicule and discrimination.

hijab

The text points out that children today face demands for achievement from schools, church, recreational organizations, peers and, of course, parents. This "scheduled hyperactivity can produce the "__________ child," who is forced to assume too many challenges and responsibilities too soon.

hurried

Many fathers are ______ than several decades ago.

more emotionally involved

Research by Straus and his colleagues show that children who have been frequently spanked by their parents, are ________.

more likely to have behavior problems later in life, as well as depression.

It is estimated that __________ children under age 18 are living in a grandparent's household.

more than 3.6 million

The new image of a "good" father in today's society says that fathers __________.

not only take financial responsibility but also are actively involved in child care

Native American parents have been described as exhibiting a(n) __________ parenting style.

permissive

The __________ parent's style is indulgent, and often leads to the classic "spoiled child."

permissive

Which parenting style is characterized by low parental monitoring and low parental warmth?

permissive-emotional neglect

A _______ , or social support from family and friends, is associated with children's better adjustment.

private safety net

In the United States, the mother is expected to be the child's primary __________ parent, assuming the major emotional responsibility for the safety and upbringing of her children.

psychological

Forms of parental control encouraged by your textbook include all EXCEPT which of the following?

psychological control

Ethnicity is often associated with __________.

religious belief

The hope that research in child development offers to parents who make mistakes is that children can be surprisingly __________.

resilient

For the majority of women, the decision to be a single mother is less than deliberate. The textbook refers to these women as ____________.

single mothers by circumstance.

John plays a parentlike role for his girlfriend's son, even though he is unrelated to the child. The text refers to this role as ________.

social fathering

Upper-class, highly-educated parents are more likely to emphasize concerted cultivation, which is _________.

the overall development of their child's talents and potential.

The text points out that being frequently spanked in childhood is NOT linked to _____.

the responsible use of alcohol and other drugs.

Authoritative parenting combines emotional nurturing and support with parental direction. t/f

true

Boys, especially under the age of two, are spanked most often. t/f

true

Children's needs differ according to age. t/f

true

Mothers typically engage in more hands-on parenting and take primary responsibility for children. t/f

true

Parenting is one of many opportunities and experiences, or life chances, that is influenced by socioeconomic status (SES)—one's position in society, measured by educational achievement, occupation, and/or income. t/f

true

Working full-time at minimum wage does not earn a parent enough money to live above the poverty line. t/f

true

Which of these does your text NOT list as a factor influencing how new parents view their babies?

whether the pregnancy was planned or unplanned