Mastering biology chapter 1

The DNA of a eukaryotic cell is found within the ______.

nucleus

What are the two main processes that ecosystems depend upon?

nutrient recycling and energy flow

Which of the following is a producer? -oak tree -cat -sun -earthworm

oak tree

Members of the kingdom Plantae differ from members of the other kingdoms of Eukarya in that most members of the kingdom Plantae ______.

produce their own food

Which domain(s) consist(s) of prokaryotic cells?

Bacteria and Archaea

What is the difference between discovery science and hypothesis-driven science?

Discovery science is mostly about describing nature, whereas hypothesis-driven science tries to explain nature.

Which of these would be a valid scientific hypothesis? -Humans are controlled by forces beyond our understanding. -Human history is determined by a series of supernatural events. -Humans and bacteria share a common genetic code. -Humans should help in the conservation of other animal species.

Humans and bacteria share a common genetic code.

You try to start your car, but it does not start. Which of these is a prediction?

If I recharge the battery, then my car will start.

Which kingdom of Eukarya consists primarily of unicellular organisms?

Protista

Which of these statements is CORRECT? -Science can be used to prove or disprove the idea that deities or spirits cause earthquakes and other natural disasters. -Only discovery science can lead to important conclusions about nature. -Scientific ideas are subjected to repeated testing. -Science does not require observations that other people can confirm.

Scientific ideas are subjected to repeated testing.

Part complete Which of the following best describes the culture of science and how scientists work? -Scientists attempt to prove their hypotheses. -Scientists develop hypotheses based solely on their own observations. -Scientists commonly make subjective conclusions in their work. -Scientists commonly repeat other scientists' experiments to verify their work.

Scientists commonly repeat other scientists' experiments to verify their work.

How do hypotheses differ from theories?

Theories are more comprehensive than hypotheses.

Which of these is a prokaryotic cell? -a bacterial cell -a worm cell -a plant cell -a mushroom cell

a bacterial cell

Which of the following best describes a theory? -a well-known fact -a tentative explanation of natural phenomena -an experiment that is repeated over and over again -a comprehensive explanation of natural phenomena supported by abundant evidence

a comprehensive explanation of natural phenomena supported by abundant evidence

Which of the following structures can perform all the activities required for life? -nuclei -organelles -cells -DNA molecules

cells

What name is given to a proposed explanation for a set of observations?

hypothesis

Most plants are __________.

producers

A hypothesis is a(n) ________.

tentative answer to a question

Science is ________.

the inquiry-based effort to describe and explain nature

What is biology?

the scientific study of life

In science, theories __________.

can tie together a large number of observations that previously seemed unrelated

Humans are ______.

consumers

Which of the following is not recycled but is lost from ecosystems? -carbon -nitrogen -magnesium -energy

energy

Humans are composed of ______ cells.

eukaryotic

Which of the following are the proper components of the scientific method? -question, observation, experiment, analysis, prediction -observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, results, conclusion -observation, question, opinion, conclusion, hypothesis -experiment, conclusion, application

observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, results, conclusion

A newly discovered multicellular organism obtains food by digesting dead organisms. Such an organism is most likely a member of the kingdom ______.

Fungi

Which of these is an ecosystem? -Lake Erie and everything living in it -the producers found in Lake Erie -all of the fish in Lake Erie -lakes

Lake Erie and everything living in it

Which of the following is not a property of life? -Organisms reproduce their own kind. -Populations of organisms rarely change over time. -Organisms take in energy and use it to perform all of life's activities. -Living things exhibit complex but ordered organization.

Populations of organisms rarely change over time.