Mastering Biology Chapter 10

In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is attached to the sugar's _____ carbon and the phosphate group is attached to the sugar's _____ carbon.

1'.....5'

Hershey and Chase used _____ to radioactively label the T2 phage's proteins.

35S

Nucleic acids are assembled in the _____ direction.

5' to 3'

In the accompanying image, a nucleotide is indicated by the letter _____. "The figure shows a part of a chain of the DNA. Letters A through D indicate definite structures. Letter A indicates a single helix of the DNA molecule. Letter B indicates a processus marked G in the DNA sequence. Letter C indicates the width of the DNA molecule. Letter D indicates the width of a single stand of the DNA molecule."

B

A nitrogenous base is indicated by the letter _____. "The figure shows the structure of an organic molecule. Letters A through D indicate definite structures of it. Letter A indicates a group which consists of a phosphorus atom with 4 oxygen atoms attached to it. 1 oxygen atom is connected by a double bond; others are connected by a single bond. 2 of these oxygens are charged negatively, and the last one attaches the whole of this structure to a carbon atom which is attached to a ring structure labeled D. Letter B indicates the whole molecule. Letter C indicates an organic group with 3 nitrogen atoms. Letter D indicates a molecule with a ring structure; the ring itself consists of 4 carbons and 1 oxygen atoms. Also, there is 1 carbon atom as well as a hydroxyl group attached to the ring."

C

Which of these is(are) pyrimidines?

C, D and E

Which of the following statement regarding prenatal testing is false?

Chronic virus sampling is typically performed later in the pregnancy then amino centesis.(surgical puncture)

The expression of both alleles for a trait in a heterozygous individual illustrates

Codominance

The radioactive isotope 32P labels the T2 phage's _____.

DNA

The molecule that seals the gaps between the pieces of DNA in the lagging strand is

DNA Ligase

Which of these is a difference between a DNA and an RNA molecule?

DNA is double-stranded, whereas RNA is single-stranded.

Which statement about DNA replication is FALSE?

DNA ligase adds nucleotides to the lagging strand.

Why is the new DNA strand complementary to the 3' to 5' strands assembled in short segments?

DNA polymerase can assemble DNA only in the 5' to 3' direction

Which of the following occurs during DNA replication?

DNA polymerase elongates the daughter strand, adding new nucleotides to the 3' end of the molecule. The molecule grows 5' to 3' but the template strand is therefore read 3' to 5'.

Which of the following build(s) new strands of DNA?

DNA polymerases

In Labradors coat color and blindness are each controlled by an independent lows. These loci show independent assortment. Based on your understanding of mendels law of independent assortment, What does this suggest

It suggests that Loci on separate chromosomes (unlinked)

Which of the following is true about double-stranded DNA?

Its strands have sugar-phosphate backbones.

This is an image of a(n) _____. "The figure shows an organic molecule which consists of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and one phosphate group."

Nucleotide

The letter A indicates a _____. "The figure shows the structure of an organic molecule. Letters A through D indicate definite structures of it. Letter A indicates a group which consists of a phosphorus atom with 4 oxygen atoms attached to it. 1 oxygen atom is connected by a double bond; others are connected by a single bond. 2 of these oxygens are charged negatively, and the last one attaches the whole of this structure to a carbon atom which is attached to a ring structure labeled D. Letter B indicates the whole molecule. Letter C indicates an organic group with 3 nitrogen atoms. Letter D indicates a molecule with a ring structure; the ring itself consists of 4 carbons and 1 oxygen atoms. Also, there is 1 carbon atom as well as a hydroxyl group attached to the ring."

Phosphate group

The synthesis of a new strand begins with the synthesis of a(n) _____.

RNA primer complementary to a preexisting DNA strand

During DNA replication, which nucleotide will bind to an A nucleotide in the parental DNA?

T

What nucleotide sequence would be found on the complementary DNA strand of the strand shown here? "The figure shows a part of DNA strand. It is read ACTGT from top to bottom."

TGACA

How would the shape of a DNA molecule change if adenine paired with guanine and cytosine paired with thymine?

The DNA molecule would have irregular widths along its length.

Which statement about DNA replication is CORRECT?

The leading strand is built continuously, and the lagging strand is built in pieces.

Which of the following statements regarding the structure of DNA is false?

The sequence of nucleotides along the length of a single DNA strand is restricted by the base-pairing rules.

Which of the following statements about molecular structure of DNA is INCORRECT?

The sugar phosphate back bones are oriented in the same direction on the two polynucleotide strands.

If Hershey and Chase had used radioactive oxygen in their experiments instead of phosphorus and sulfur, what results would they have likely obtained?

They would have observed a radioactive signal in both the pellet and the liquid.

Which of the following describes a complete nucleotide?

a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group

The four bases contained in DNA are _____.

adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA?

an additional hydroxyl group

After DNA replication is completed, _____.

each new DNA double helix consists of one old DNA strand and one new DNA strand

The first step in the replication of DNA is catalyzed by _____.

helicase

Who demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material of the T2 phage?

hershey and chase

The monomers of DNA and RNA are

nucleotides

plittrophy sindrom

one gene with many different effects(very pliable) ;)

A uracil nucleotide is a __________ nitrogenous base attached to the __________, with the 5′ carbon of the sugar attached to a phosphate group.

one-ringed : carbon of a sugar that has an OH group at the 2′ carbon

This is an image of a _____. "The figure shows a structure which consists of an icosahedral head, cylindrical body and six branches growing out of the end of the cylinder."

phage

The action of helicase creates _____.

replication forks and replication bubbles

Multiple origins of replication on the DNA molecules of eukaryotic cells serve to

shorten the time necessary for DNA replication

You can tell that this is an image of a DNA nucleotide and not an RNA nucleotide because you see a _____.

sugar with two, and not three, oxygen atoms

Hershey and Chase were able to differentiate between proteins and nucleic acids using radioactive atoms of elements found only in those macromolecules. Which of the following would be found only in proteins?

sulfur

The copying mechanism of DNA is most like

taking a picture of yourself and of your reflection in a mirror.

An old DNA strand is used as a _____ for the assembly of a new DNA strand.

template

If the left end of the daughter strand indicated by the arrow in the figure is being synthesized in one continuous piece, then

the DNA at point C is being synthesized in one continuous piece.

Which of these nitrogenous bases is found in DNA but not in RNA?

thymine

In a DNA double helix an adenine of one strand always pairs with a(n) _____ of the complementary strand, and a guanine of one strand always pairs with a(n) _____ of the complementary strand.

thymine.... cytosine

In a DNA double helix an adenine of one strand always pairs with a(n) _____ of the complementary strand, and a guanine of one strand always pairs with a(n) _____ of the complementary strand.

thymine..... cytosine

Which of the following is only associated with RNA?

uracil