Mastering Biology Chapter 4

The diameter of a typical eukaryotic cell is approximately 10 times the diameter of a typical prokaryote. What is the ratio of the volume of typical eukaryotic: prokaryotic cells?

1000:1

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Centriole

animal cell

Comparing eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells - Flagella

both

Comparing eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells - Plasma membrane

both

Comparing eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells - Ribosomes

both

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Cytoskeleton

both

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Endoplasmic reticulum

both

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Golgi apparatus

both

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Mitochondrion

both

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Plasma membrane

both

a polysaccharide that is used to synthesize cell walls, which protect cells and help maintain their shape (structure, plant or animal)

cellulose, plant

regulate cytoplasm composition, creates internal pressure, and stores cell compounds

central vacuole

Which organelles or structures are absent in plant cells?

centrosomes

make sugar by converting light energy into chemical energy

chloroplast

they are the sites of reactions that convert solar energy into chemical energy (chloroplasts or mitochondria)

chloroplasts

they contain the green pigment chlorophyll (chloroplasts or mitochondria)

chloroplasts

they have membranous sacs called thylakoids that are surrounded by a fluid called stroma (chloroplasts or mitochondria)

chloroplasts

long fibers of protein found in the extracellular matrix that provide structural support for cells (structure, plant or animal)

collagen, animal

Motor proteins provide for molecular transport of materials in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures?

cytoskeletal structures

a dynamic network of fibers that can be quickly dismantled and reassembled to change cell shape and the position of cell components

cytoskeleton

membrane protein complexes that strengthen the adhesion between adjacent cells, like rivets, to protect against pulling forces (structure, plant or animal)

desmosomes, animal

Proteins that will be secreted from the cell are likely to be found enclosed spaces bounded by membranes of the _______ system.

endomembrane

Comparing eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells - Lysosome

eukaryotic

Comparing eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells - Mitochondria

eukaryotic

Comparing eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells -Nucleolus

eukaryotic

small channels that form across the plasma membranes of adjacent cells; especially important in intercellular communication (structure, plant or animal)

gap junctions, animals

modifies some packages proteins

golgi apparatus

Which organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion?

lysosome

The matrix contains enzymes that function in cellular respiration (chloroplasts are mitochondria)

mitochondria

their inner membrane has infoldings called cristae (chloroplast or mitochondria)

mitochondria

they are the sites of reactions that convert chemical energy from food molecules to ATP (chloroplasts or mitochondria)

mitochondria

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells? (mitochondrion, wall made of cellulose, chloroplast, or centriole)

mitochondrion

produces chemical energy that can power the cell

mitochondrion

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Cellulose cell wall

plant cell

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Central vacuole

plant cell

Drag each cell structure to the appropriate bin. If a structure is found in both plant cells and animal cells, drag it to the "both" bin. - Chloroplast

plant cell

strong, protective structure made from cellulose fibrils

plant cell wall

small channels between cells that are otherwise surrounded by walls; enable movement of water and solutes between cells (structure, plant or animal)

plasmodesmata, plant

Which statement correctly describes an endomembrane function?

products of the ER are usually modified during their transit from the cis to the trans region of the Golgi apparatus

Comparing eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells - Nucleoid

prokaryotic

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?

proteins

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?

ribosome

Drag the labels on the left onto the diagram of the animal cell to correctly identify the function performed by each cellular structure. (list alphabetically)

synthesizes lipids, assembles ribosomes, defines cell shape, produces secretory proteins, modifies and sorts proteins, generates ATP, digests proteins

Identify the correct statement about differences between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

the outer surface of smooth ER locks ribosomes, whereas the outer surface of rough ER has ribosomes

membrane proteins that create a watertight seal between cells (structure, plant or animal)

tight junctions, animals

Plant and animal cells both carry out cellular respiration, producing ATP (true or false)

true