Matter that can be classified as two ways

formula for density

D=m/v

3 science tools to find volume

graduated cylinder, beaker and a ruler

when an object decreases in volume what would the density do?

increase

describe the motion of particles in a solid, liquid and gas object.

solid is slow, liquid is medium and gas is fast.

the phases of water form in order, from the phase with the slowest molecular movement to the phase with the fastest molecular movement.

solid, liquid and gas

potential energy

stored energy that comes from position

mixture

substance that contains morethan one kind of matter and is not chemically combined.

compound

substances made of two or more elements that cannot be seperated by physical means.

element

substances that contain only on kind of matter

why does the tempature change very little when an object is undergoing a change in state even though energy is applied continuosly?

the atoms in the material change shape for the tempature to rise.

atomis mass

the average mass of all the known isotopes of an element

menucus

the curved surface of a liquid when it is a tube and it can curve up or down

valence electrons

the electrons in an atom that are involved in the formation of chemical bonds.

strong nuclear force

the force that holdsprotons together when they are very close together.

What happens to the h2o molecules when an ice cube melts?

the heat is used to overcome the forces holding molecules together in the solid rather than increase the tempature.

When you freeze water, what happens to energy and number of molecules?

the numbers of moleculs will always stay the sam and the energy slows.

what causes protons to repel?

when they are both positive

how many electrons and protons are present if a fluoride ion has a charge of -1? flurine's atomic number is 9

10 electrons and 9 protons

The proton is one kind of particle that makes up the atom and carries a ________ charge.

Positive

chemical change

a change in a substance that involves the breaking and inferring of chemical bonds to make a new substance or substances

mass

a measure of the inertia of an object the amount of matter an object has.

homogeneous

a mixture in which every sample of it has the same composition such as milk.

heterogeneous mixture

a mixture in which every sample of it might have a different composition such as chicken noodle soup.

substance

a mixture that connot be separated into different kinds of matter using physical means.

nuclear fission

a nuclear reaction in which a massive nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy

ion

an atom molecule that has either gained or lost electrons

physical change

change in the physical properties of a substance

power plants convert chemical energy, mechanical energy and heat into _______ energy

electral

an atom contains ______ in various energy levels.

electrons

the law of conservation of energy states

energy may niether be granted or destroyed, the sum of all energies in the system is constant.

kinetic energy

energy that comes from motion

compare the amount of energy necessary to heat a substance to the amount of energy needed when the substance is cooled to the original tempature.

it takes less energy to warm it because the kinetic energy is bigger, when the amount of heat grows.

The third kind of particle carries a negative charge and has almost no _____

mass

Matter that can be classified as two ways

mixtures and substances

neon has 10 electrons and 10 protons. WOuld an atom that has 9 electrons ad 10 protons be the same type of element? explain your answer

neon is neutral an atom with 9 electrons and 10 protons would be considered an ion

The nuetron makes up for "missing mass" and is found in the _________

nucleus

in an atom what particle does the proton repel?

proton

volume

the space that a substance ocupies or contains.

thermal energy

the sum of all the kinetic energy of a material's atoms and molecules.

the noble gases such as helium and xenon are non reactive why?

they have completely filled outer valance electrons

elements in the same column on the periodic table have similar chemical reactivity because why?

they have the sam amount of valance electrons

Compare and constrast a kilogram of feathers and a kilogram of bricks

they have the same mass different volume.

At a constant tempature and pressure, liquids retain what?

volume