Medical Emergencies Final

A person is responsive and showing signs and symptoms of a life-threatening condition but does not consent to care. What should you do?

Do not give care but instead call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number.

A person is experiencing life-threatening bleeding from their neck. It is appropriate to use a tourniquet to stop the bleeding in this case. True or False?

False

When giving chest compressions to an adult, child or infant, you should give compressions with the person lying on a soft surface. True or false?

False

If you are unable or unwilling for any reason to give full CPR (chest compressions with breaths) to a person in cardiac arrest, after calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment, what should you do?

Give continuous chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute.

You believe that a responsive person has a head, neck or spinal injury. What should you do after calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment or telling someone to do so?

Have the person remain in the position they were found.

If you suspect a person is experiencing heat stroke, what is the preferred thing you should do immediately after calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment or telling someone to do so?

Immerse the person up to their neck in cold water.

When you give care to an adult or child who is responsive and choking, where should you position your fist to give abdominal thrusts?

In the middle of the abdomen, just above the navel

What is the benefit of early CPR and early defibrillation when an adult, child or infant is in cardiac arrest?

It gives the person the best chance for surviving cardiac arrest.

Where should you place a tourniquet on a limb of someone who is experiencing life-threatening bleeding?

2 to 3 inches above the wound; not on a joint

What is the cycle of chest compressions and breaths in CPR for adults, children and infants?

30 chest compressions to 2 breaths

Which of the following statements about anaphylaxis is true?

A person experiencing anaphylaxis may have trouble breathing and may go into shock, Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction, The effects of anaphylaxis can be slowed or stopped by administering epinephrine.

When giving breaths during CPR for adults, children and infants, about how long should each breath last?

1 second

When giving breaths to an adult, child or infant, it is important to minimize interruptions to chest compressions to the shortest time possible, but definitely less than which of the following?

10 seconds

When there are two or more trained responders giving CPR and using an AED, when should responders switch roles?

After a shock is delivered or if no shock is advised, about every 2 minutes

When using direct pressure to control life-threatening bleeding on an arm or a leg, you should do which of the following?

Apply direct pressure directly on the wound with two hands until the bleeding stops or a tourniquet becomes available.

Once you have turned on the AED, you should do which of the following?

Apply the pads and allow the AED to analyze the heart rhythm.

A child is having an asthma attack. What should you do after calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment or telling someone to do so?

Assist the child with administering their quick-relief medication.

A person is having signs and symptoms of a heart attack. What should you do after calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment or telling someone to do so?

Assist them with administering aspirin, Help the person rest in a comfortable position and loosen any tight clothing.

When an infant is responsive and choking, it is important to give cycles of which of the following?

Back blows, abdominal thrusts

Which of the following indicates life-threatening bleeding?

Blood is spurting and flowing continuously.

What is the appropriate care for an unresponsive choking person?

CPR with slight modification

You see a woman collapse in front of you while entering the lobby of your office building. You check her for responsiveness, breathing, life-threatening bleeding and other life-threatening conditions. She is unresponsive and not breathing. What should you do next?

Call 9-1-1 and get equipment or tell someone to do so.

What are the three important steps to follow in any emergency?

Check—Call—Care

If a responsive choking person is too large for you to reach around to give abdominal thrusts, which technique should you use to give care?

Chest thrusts

Which of the following are the appropriate depth and rate to use when giving chest compressions to an adult?

Compress the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute, Compress the chest to a depth of at least 2 inches

Which of the following are the appropriate depth and rate to use when giving chest compressions to an infant?

Compress the chest to a depth of about 1½ inches, Compress the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute

Which of the following are the appropriate depth and rate to use when giving chest compressions to a child?

Compress the chest to a depth of about 2 inches, Compress the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute

A child burned their hand in the lunchroom. You should do which of the following?

Cool the burn under clean, cool running water for at least 10 minutes, ideally 20 minutes.

When giving back blows and abdominal thrusts to a responsive choking child who is small, you may need to do what?

Kneel behind them

Which of the following are some of the signs and symptoms of a concussion?

Loss of consciousness, headache

Which of the following medications can you assist a family member with administering when you suspect that a person is experiencing an opioid overdose?

Naloxone

About how many seconds should you check for responsiveness, breathing, life-threatening bleeding and other life-threatening conditions?

No more than 5 to 10 seconds

While the AED is analyzing, it is important to make sure of what?

No one, including you, is touching the person.

When giving breaths to an adult, you should open the airway by tilting the head to which position?

Past neutral

In what circumstance would it be appropriate to use a tourniquet?

The person has life-threatening bleeding from an arm or a leg.

For an adult or child older than 8 years of age or over 55 pounds (25 kg), where should the AED pads normally be placed?

The upper right and lower left side of the chest

When giving 2 breaths during each cycle of CPR, why is it important to pause between the breaths?

To allow the chest to fall and the air to exit

Hand washing and use of PPE can help lower your risk for infection when giving care. True or False?

True

If the AED pads risk touching each other on the chest of a small child, you can use front/back placement. True or False?

True

It is fine to use adult AED pads on a child or an infant if pediatric pads are not available. True or False?

True

When a cardiac arrest occurs and an AED becomes available, it should be used as soon as possible. True or False?

True

When giving CPR to a person who is in cardiac arrest due to suspected drowning, it is important to give 2 initial breaths before starting the CPR cycle. True or False?

True

When giving breaths during CPR, you can lower your risk for infection by using a face shield or a pocket mask. True or False?

True

When giving chest compression to a small child, you can use a one-hand technique. True or False?

True

You check an adult, child or infant and they are not breathing normally, but you hear gasping. You should not give CPR in this case. True or False?

True

When you give care to infant who is responsive and choking, what is the correct technique to give chest thrusts?

Two fingers pressing in the center of the chest

Which of the following techniques is recommended when giving chest compressions to infants?

Two-finger technique

The first signs of an emergency often include which of the following?

Unusual appearances or behaviors, Unusual noises, Unusual odors

Which of the following are two ways to tell if bleeding is life-threatening?

Volume and flow

When conducting an interview using SAM, which of the following questions are part of the SAM approach?

Whether the child or infant has any allergies, What signs and symptoms the child or infant has, Whether the child or infant takes any medication or has any medical conditions

After giving a shock, you should resume compressions and continue CPR until which of the following occurs?

You notice an obvious sign of life, The AED prompts you to analyze again, EMS personnel arrive and begin their care of the person.

You are giving CPR and the first breath does not cause the chest to rise. What should you do?

Re-tilt the head to ensure that the airway is properly opened and ensure that the nose and mouth are properly sealed before attempting to give another breath.

When giving chest compressions to an adult or child, which of the following are important aspects of your body position? Select all that apply.

Shoulders directly over hands, Lock elbows to keep arms straight

When you give back blows to an adult or child who is responsive and choking, how should you position the person?

Standing and bending forward at the waist; upper body as parallel to the ground as possible

In which of the following situations should you call 9-1-1?

The child is not breathing, The child is unresponsive, The child has life-threatening bleeding.

Where should pediatric AED pads be placed on an infant?

The middle of the chest and on the back, between the shoulder blades