Medical Terminology Chapter 15

bursa

A sac of fluid near a joint is a ______.(spelling)

tendon

Connective tissue that binds muscles to bones is a ______.(spelling

ligament

Connective tissue that binds to other bones is a____.(spelling)

osteoblasts

During bone development, immature bone cells called_____produce bony tissure.(spelling)

synovial fluid

Fluid found within the joint is called_____.(spelling)

compact bone

Hard, dense bone tissue lying under the periosteum is called___.(spelling)

trabecular

Red bone marrow is found in spongy or ______bone. (spelling)

haversian canals

Series of bone canals containing blood vessels are the ____.(spelling)

articular cartilage

Smooth cartilage that surrounds the surface of bones at joints is _____.(spelling)

arthroplasty

Surgical repair of a joint is called_____.(spelling)

cartilage

The bones of a fetus are mainly composed of _____ tissue. (spelling)

epiphysis

The end of a long bone are called the ____.(spelling)

orthopedist

The physician who treats bones and bone diseases is a _____.(spelling)

diaphysis

The shaft of a long bone is called the ____.(spelling)

periosteum

The strong membrane surrounding the surface of a bone is the _____.(spelling)

calcium and phosphorus

Two mineral substances necessary for proper development of bones are (spelling)

mastoid process

a round process of the temporal bone behind the ear

comminuted fracture

a splintered or crushed bone

lordosis

abnormal anterior curvature of the spine

bunion

abnormal swelling of a metatarsophalangeal joint (joint between the big toe and first metatarsal)

supination

act of turning the palm forward or upward

achondroplasia

an inherited condition in which bones of the arms and legs fail to grow normally because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation

pubic symphysis

anterior part of the hip bone

name bones of the face

azgomatic, maxillary, mandibular, lacrimal, nasal, vomer

vertebra

backbone

flextion

bending a limb,decreasing the angle between two bones

exostoses

benign turmors arising from the bone surface

arthrodesis

binding of a joint

temporal bone

bone near the ear; connected to the lower jaw

exostosis

bony growth arising from the surface of bone

sternum

breatbone (spelling)

sinus

cavity within a bone

zygomatic bone

cheek bone

osteoarthritis

chronic inflammation of bones and joints due to degererative changes in cartilage

polymyositis

chronic inflammation of many muscles

systemic lupus erythematosus

chronic inflammatory disease affecting skin (red rash on the face), kidneys, heart, and lungs as well as joints

polymyositis

chronic inflammatory myopathy of uncertain etiology

rheumatoid arthritis

chronic joint disease with inflamed and painful joints; marked by swollen and thickened synovial membranes

ankylosing spondylitis

chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening joints, especially of the spine

rotation

circular movement around an axis

talipes

club foot

talipes

clubfoof

clavicle

collar bone (spelling)

carpal tunnel syndrome

compression of the median nerve in the wrist

ankylosis

condition of stiffness and immobility of a joint

origin

connection of muscle to a stationary bone

insertion

connection of muscle to the bone that moves

tendon

connective tissue that binds muscles to bones

ganglion

cystic mass arising from a tendon in the wrist

osteoporosis

decrease in bone density; thinning and weakening of the bone

osteoarthritis

degernerative joint disease;chronic inflammation of bones and joints

dislocation

displacement of a bone from its joint

rheumato(logist)

doctor specialinzing in joint disorders:______logist (spelling)

olecranon

elbow bone

pyrexia

fever

fascia

fibrous membrane separating muscle

phalanges

finger bones (spelling)

disk

flat, round, plate like stucture between vertebrae

metatarsals

foot bones (spelling)

myelopoiesis

formation of bone marrow

occipital bone

forms the back and the base of the skull

frontal bone

forms the forehead

parietal bone

forms the roof and the upper side of the skull

muscular dystrophy

group of inherited diseases with progressive muscle weakness and degereration

calcaneus

heel bone

kyphosis

humpback

(arthr)otomy

incision of a joint: arthr_____ (spelling)

gouty arthritis

inflamation of joints caused by excessive uric acid accumulation

burs(itis)

inflammation of a sac of fluid near a joint:_____itis (spelling)

tendon(itis)

inflammation of a tendon:____itis (spelling)

osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone marrow

fasciitis

inflammation of fascia

gouty arthritis

inflammation of joints caused by accumulation of uric acid

patella

kneecap (spelling)

condyle

knuckle like projection

trochanter

large process on femur for attachment of muscles

scoliosis

lateral curvature of the spinal column

scoliosis

lateral curvature of the spine

mandible

lower jaw bone

osteogenic sarcoma

malignant tumor of bone

leiomyoma

malignant tumor of smooth muscle

leiomyosarcoma

malignant tumor of smooth muscle

abduction

movement away from the midline

adduction

movement toward the midline

visceral

muscle connected to internal organs

fissure

narrow, deep slit like opening

foramen

opening for blood vessels and nerves

laminectomy

operation to relieve symtoms of a slipped disk

fibromyalgia

pain of fibrous tissue and muscle

polymyalgia

pain of many muscles

sciatica

pain radiating down the leg

cancellous bone

part of the bone that is spongy porus bone tissue

lamina

part of the vertebral arch

subluxation

partial or imcomplete dislocation

myocardial

pertaining to the heart

osteogenesis

poor formation of bone

acromion

projection of scapula

malleolus

rounded process at the ankle

fossa

shallow cavity in a bone

podagra

sharp pain of big toe associated with gouty arthritis

scapula

shoulder bone (spelling)

tubercle

small rounded process

tubercle

small, rounded process on a bone

acetabulum

socket for femur in hip

osteomalacia

softening of bone

(chondro)malacia

softening of cartilage: chondro______ (spelling)

ankyl(osis)

stiffened, immobile joint:_____osis (spelling)

extension

straightening out a limb

spondylolisthesis

subluxation of a vertebra

arthrocentesis

surgical puncture of the joint space with a needle

(ten)orrhaphy

suture of a tendon: ten________ (spelling)

electromyography

the process of recording the strength of muscle contraction

femur

thigh bone (spelling)

Lyme disease

tick-borne bacterium causes this type of arthritis

sprain

trauma to a joint with pain, swelling, and injury to ligaments

chondr(oma)

tumor (benign) of cartilage:______oma (spelling)

chondrosarc(oma)

tumor (malignant) of cartilage:_______oma (spelling)

pronation

turning the palm backward

lacrimal bone

two paired bones at the corner of each eye

humerus

upper arm bone (spelling)

maxilla

upper jaw bone

atrophy

wasting away (no development) of muscle

carpals

wrist bones (spelling)