MedSurg Ch 52
A patient is diagnosed with psoriasis after developing scales on the scalp, elbows, and behind the knees. The patient asks the nurse where this was "caught." What is the best response by the nurse? a. Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from a superficial infection with Staphylococcus aureus. b. Psoriasis comes from dermal abrasion. c. Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from an overproduction of keratin. d. Psoriasis results from excess deposition of subcutaneous fat.
Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from an overproduction of keratin.
Which term refers most precisely to a localized skin infection of a single hair follicle? a. Furuncle b. Carbuncle c. Cheilitis d. Comedone
furuncle
What is the major cause of death in toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)? a. Infection b. Hemorrhage c. Renal failure d. Liver failure
infection
While performing an initial assessment of a patient, the nurse observes an elevated blue-black lesion on the patient's ear. The nurse knows that this is indicative of what type of skin cancer? a. Basal cell carcinoma b. Squamous cell carcinoma c. Dermatofibroma d. Malignant melanoma
malignant melanoma
A client is undergoing photochemotherapy involving a combination of a photosensitizing chemical and ultraviolet light. What health problem does this client most likely have? a. psoriasis b. plantar warts c. undesired tattoo d. dandruff
psoriasis
With repeated reactions of contact dermatitis, which of the following can occur? a. Secondary bacterial infection b. Pain along the sensory nerve c. Sepsis d. Hemorrhage
secondary bacterial infection
An exacerbation of bullous pemphigoid has led to a hospital admission for a middle-aged woman. The nursing care team has been conscientious in assessing and treating the patient's blisters in the knowledge that this patient has a greatly increased risk of what sequela of this problem? a. rhabdomyolysis b. Vitamin B 12 deficiency c. sepsis d. neuropathic ulcers
sepsis
A patient with squamous cell carcinoma has been scheduled for treatment of this malignancy. The nurse knows that the primary method of treatment in this type of cancer is what? a. Chemotherapy b. Radiation therapy c. Surgical excision d. Biopsy of sample tissue
surgical excision
A patient has just been told that she has malignant melanoma. The nurse caring for this patient explains that the first and most important treatment for malignant melanoma is what? a. Chemotherapy b. Immunotherapy c. Wide excision d. Radiation therapy
wide excision
A patient has just been told that she has malignant melanoma. The nurse caring for this patient explains that the first and most important treatment for malignant melanoma is what? a. chemotherapy b. immunotherapy c. wide excision d. radiation therapy
wide excision
Which drug is an oral retinoid used to treat acne? a. Estrogen b. Isotretinoin c. Tetracycline d.Benzoyl peroxide
Isotretinoin
A patient has a moisture-retentive dressing for the treatment of a sacral decubitus ulcer. How long should the nurse leave the dressing in place before replacing it? a. 4 to 6 hours b. 8 hours c. 12 to 24 hours d. 24 to 36 hours
12 to 24 hours
A patient has been prescribed a topical corticosteroid and the nurse is providing relevant patient teaching about the correct technique for applying this medication. What guideline should the nurse provide to this patient? a. Apply the medication to the affected area and to unaffected skin within 2 to 3 inches of the affected skin. b. Apply a thin coating of the medication, but ensure that all affected areas are covered with the medication. c. Avoid covering affected areas with clothing or bandages after applying the medication. d. Apply a coating of the medication to the affected area and then gently rub it off after 5 to 10 minutes.
Apply a thin coating of the medication, but ensure that all affected areas are covered with the medication.
Which of the following nonsedating antihistamines is appropriate for daytime pruritus? a. Fexofenadine (Allegra) b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) c. Hydroxyzine (Atarax) d. Lorazepam (Ativan)
Fexofenadine (allegra)
The nurse is instructing the parents of a child with head lice. Which statement should the nurse include? a. Use shampoo with piperonyl butoxide. b. Use shampoo with Kwell. c. Wash clothes in cold water. d. Disinfect brushes and combs with bleach.
Use shampoo with piperonyl butoxide.
When performing a skin assessment, the nurse notes a localized skin infection of a single hair follicle. The nurse documents the presence of a. a furuncle b. a carbuncle c. cheilitis d. a comedone
a furuncle
An extended care facility has been the site of a breakout of scabies in recent days. The staff at the facility recognize the need for an expedited, coordinated response to this outbreak. This response should include which of the following measures? Select all that apply. a. Providing warm, soapy baths to affected residents b. Providing prophylactic antibiotics to unaffected residents c. Applying a topical scabicide to the skin of affected residents d. Providing a course of oral antiviral medication to all residents e. Vaccinating all staff and residents against scabies as soon as possible
Providing warm, soapy baths to affected residents Applying a topical scabicide to the skin of affected residents
A client is coming to the office to have a growth removed by the doctor. The client asks "What does cryosurgery do to the growth?" What is the correct response? a. Removes the entire growth b. Through the application of extreme cold, the tissue is destroyed. c. Freezes the growth, so the physician can remove it at the next appointment d. Lasers the growth off
Through the application of extreme cold, the tissue is destroyed.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with herpes zoster. Which statement by the client needs further clarification by the nurse? a. "Even though this is from a childhood disease, I am still contagious." b. "Herpes zoster is caused by a viral infection." c. "Herpes zoster is a reactivation of the varicella virus." d. "Once I get the infection, I cannot get it again."
"Once I get the infection, I cannot get it again."
The pharmacology class is learning about herpes zoster and mediations that are used to treat this disease process. When planning care of a patient with herpes zoster what medications, if administered within the first 24 hours of the initial eruption, can arrest herpes zoster? a. ADeltasone (Prednisone) b. Azathioprine (Imuran) c. Triamcinolone (Kenalog) d. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
An older adult patient's skin has become progressively drier in recent years, and the patient now describes many of her skin surfaces as being "incredibly itchy, all the time." The nurse who is contributing to this patient's care should encourage the patient to: a. Use a moderately abrasive material to scratch the affected skin areas. b. Apply an over-the-counter corticosteroid ointment to the affected regions. c. Avoid scratching the affected skin areas because this may exacerbate pruritus. d.Take analgesics to achieve relief from pruritus.
Avoid scratching the affected skin areas because this may exacerbate pruritus.
A patient is diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis on the face and is prescribed a corticosteroid preparation for use. What should the nurse educate the patient about regarding use of the steroid on the face? a. Use very warm water to clean the face prior to applying the medication. b. Avoid using the medication around the eyelids because it may cause cataracts and glaucoma. c. Wash the face several times a day and reapply the medication. d. Scrape the scaly patches off prior to applying the medication.
Avoid using the medication around the eyelids because it may cause cataracts and glaucoma.
A male patient is being treated in the hospital for the effects of a debilitating ischemic stroke that he experienced 2 weeks ago. The patient's plan of care identifies a risk of skin breakdown due to the cognitive, sensory, and motor effects of the stroke. What intervention should the nurse prioritize in an effort to reduce the patient's risk of pressure ulcers? a. Turn the patient at least twice between 2200 and 0600 each night. b. Ensure that the patient's heels are elevated off the surface of his bed. c. Avoid seating the patient in a chair until his rehabilitation has been completed. c. Provide relevant health education to the patient about the management of pressure ulcers.
Ensure that the patient's heels are elevated off the surface of his bed.
A patient comes to the clinic complaining of a red rash of small, fluid-filled blisters. The patient is suspected of having herpes zoster. What should the nurse know about the distribution of lesions of herpes zoster? a. Grouped vesicles occurring on lips and oral mucous membranes b. Grouped vesicles occurring on the genitalia c. Rough, fresh, or gray skin protrusions d. Grouped vesicles in linear patches along a dermatome
Grouped vesicles in linear patches along a dermatome
Which of the following information regarding the transmission of lice would the nurse identify as a myth? a. Lice can be spread by sharing of hats, caps, and combs. b. Lice can jump from one individual to another. c. Lice need to be removed from the hair with a fine comb. d. Lice can be seen without magnification.
Lice can jump from one individual to another.
A nurse in a health care provider's office teaches a patient how to apply an occlusive dressing (using plastic film) to cover a medicated ointment applied to her arm. An important teaching point would be to tell the patient to: a. Place heat on top of the dressing to increase skin temperature. b. Immobilize her arm when it is wrapped. c. Limit use of the dressing to 12 hours. d. Cover the dressing with an elastic wrap so she can continue her daily activities during a treatment.
Limit use of the dressing to 12 hours.
What advice should the nurse give a client with a furuncle to prevent the spread of the infection? a. Keep hair short, clean, and away from the face and forehead. b. Never pick or squeeze a furuncle. c. Avoid the use of cosmetics. d. Use tepid bath water.
Never pick or squeeze a furuncle.
A nurse is providing care for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who has been admitted to the hospital because of a recent decrease in his CD4+ count. The nurse is aware of the patient's high risk of developing secondary illnesses, including Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). When assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of KS, the nurse would examine the patient for: a. Newly acquired lesions that are reddish or bluish in color b. Skin tears on the patient's trunk that are slow to heal c. Changes in the shape, character, or color of a mole d. Patches of scaly, dry, pruritic skin on the patient's torso
Newly acquired lesions that are reddish or bluish in color
A nurse is providing care for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who has been admitted to the hospital because of a recent decrease in his CD4+ count. The nurse is aware of the patient's high risk of developing secondary illnesses, including Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). When assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of KS, the nurse would examine the patient for: a. Newly acquired lesions that are reddish or bluish in color b. Skin tears on the patient's trunk that are slow to heal c. Changes in the shape, character, or color of a mole d. Patches of scaly, dry, pruritic skin on the patient's torso
Newly acquired lesions that are reddish or bluish in color
The nurse is caring for a client with questionable lice infestation. The nurse is using a bright light focused on an area of the head to confirm the presence of lice. In which manner is it easiest to differentiate nits from dandruff? a. Nits are located near the scalp. b. Dandruff is throughout the hair. c. Nits are difficult to move from hair shafts. d. Dandruff looks white and flakey.
Nits are difficult to move from hair shafts
To treat a client with acne vulgaris, the physician is most likely to order which topical agent for nightly application? a. Minoxidil (Rogaine) b. Tretinoin (retinoic acid [Retin-A]) c. Zinc oxide gelatin d. Fluorouracil (5-fluorouracil, 5-FU [Efudex])
Tretinoin (retinoic acid [Retin-A])
The nurse is providing morning hygiene for an older adult patient who requires total care due to late-stage Alzheimer's disease. IN recent weeks, the patient has shown signs of dermatitis on various skin surfaces. When providing a bed bath for this patient, the nurse should do which of the following? a. Use only water to wash and rinse the patient's skin surfaces. b. Utilize a deodorant soap to reduce the risk of skin breakdown due to excessive perspiration. c. Avoid using a towel to dry the patient's skin. d. Use a mild soap or a soap substitute when washing the patient's skin.
Use a mild soap or a soap substitute when washing the patient's skin.
A patient with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has just been diagnosed with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and admitted to the regional burn unit for treatment. The nurses who will be providing direct care for this patient should prioritize which of the following practices? a. Provision of enteral nutritional supplements b. Vigilant application of standard infection control precautions c. Intermittent urinary catheterization d. Continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels
Vigilant application of standard infection control precautions
Which assessment finding indicates an increased risk of skin cancer? a. A deep sunburn b. A dark mole on the client's back c. An irregular scar on the client's abdomen d. White irregular patches on the client's arm
a deep sunburn
A client comes to the physician's office for treatment of severe sunburn. The nurse takes this opportunity to discuss the importance of protecting the skin from the sun's damaging rays. Which instruction best prevents skin damage? a. "Minimize sun exposure from 1 to 4 p.m., when the sun is strongest." b. "Use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor of 6 or higher." c. "Apply sunscreen even on overcast days." d. "When at the beach, sit in the shade to prevent sunburn."
"Apply sunscreen even on overcast days."
A 50-year-old man of Greek ancestry has been diagnosed with classic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) after seeking care for new lesions that appeared on his legs. The patient is shocked at his diagnosis after reading on the Internet that he now has a form of cancer. How should the nurse best respond to this patient's concerns? a. "Surgical advances in the treatment of KS have extended survival times greatly." b. "Most people with this disease have it for the rest of their lives with no serious effects." c. "Your doctor will probably talk to you about chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which are usually very successful." d. "Your treatment plan will probably focus on ensuring that the disease does not spread to other organs."
"Most people with this disease have it for the rest of their lives with no serious effects."
A young client has head lice. What are appropriate steps in eradication? Select all that apply. a. Repeat combings daily until there is no more evidence of lice or nits. b. Apply a pediculicide to the hair (detailed directions also accompany this medication). c. Comb the hair free of tangles while the hair is damp. d. Use a special lice comb that has narrow stainless steel teeth. e. Comb through each area of the hair to remove lice.
All of them
The nurse is providing instruction to a client with acne. The nurse promotes avoidance of which food(s)? Select all that apply. a. Chocolate b. Onions c. Bananas d. Ice cream
Chocolate Ice Cream
The nurse is assessing a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). What assessment data would indicate that the patient may be progressing to keratoconjunctivitis? Select all that apply. a. Skin peeling on eyelids b. Pruritus of the eyes c. Burning of the eyes d. Dryness of the eyes e. Blurred optic discs
Pruritus of the eyes Burning of the eyes Dryness of the eyes
Photochemotherapy has been used as a treatment for which of the following skin disorders? a. Shingles b. Psoriasis c. Allergic dermatitis d. Rosacea
Psoriasis
What should the nurse assess for to determine if a patient using corticosteroids for a dermatologic condition is having local side effects? Select all that apply. a. Skin atrophy b. Striae c. Telangiectasia d. Comedones e. Ecchymosis
Skin Atrophy Striae Telangiectasia
A nurse is conducting a detailed skin assessment on an 80-year-old client. Which finding requires further investigation? a. Yellow, waxy deposits on the lower eyelids b. Bright red moles on the hands c. Several areas of dry, scaly skin d. Small, waxy nodule with pearly borders
Small, waxy nodule with pearly borders
The nurse inspects the appearance of a sacral ulcer and documents "a shallow open ulcer with a red-pink wound with partial thickness loss of dermis." The nurse knows to classify this ulcer as: a. Stage I. b. Stage II. c. Stage III. d. Stage IV.
Stage II
A patient's severe and widespread psoriasis has prompted her care provider to prescribe potent topical corticosteroids. When teaching this patient about her new medication regimen, the nurse should recognize that topical corticosteroids that are applied to large skin surfaces create a risk of: a. Adrenal suppression b. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) c. Hypothyroidism d. Kaposi's sarcoma
adrenal suppression
A dermatologist recommends an over-the-counter suspension to relieve pruritus, The nurse advises the patient that the lotion should be applied: a. overnight to enhance absorption b. hourly to prevent evaporation c. every 3 to 4 hours for sustained effectiveness d. twice a day to prevent crusting on the skin
every 3 to 4 hours for sustained effectiveness
The nurse notes that the client's lower extremities are covered with very dry skin and that the horny layer of the skin has become thickened. The nurse notes the finding as a. dermatitis. b. acantholysis. c. lichenification. d. pyodermas.
lichenification
The nurse teaches the client who demonstrates herpes zoster (shingles) that a. once a client has had shingles, they will not have it a second time. b. a person who has had chickenpox can contract it again upon exposure to a person with shingles. c. the infection results from reactivation of the chickenpox virus. d. no known medications affect the course of shingles.
the infection results from reactivation of the chickenpox virus
A young college student recently had her tongue and lip pierced. She has developed a superinfection of candidiasis from the antibacterial mouthwash. Which of the following would be the correct recommendation for her? a. Use an antifungal mouthwash or salt water. b. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush. c. Rinse the mouth after eating food. d. Move the piercing back and forth during washing.
use an antifungal mouthwash or salt water
A patient has been prescribed a topical corticosteroid and the nurse is providing relevant patient teaching about the correct technique for applying this medication. What guideline should the nurse provide to this patient? a. Apply the medication to the affected area and to unaffected skin within 2 to 3 inches of the affected skin. b. Apply a thin coating of the medication, but ensure that all affected areas are covered with the medication. c. Avoid covering affected areas with clothing or bandages after applying the medication. d. Apply a coating of the medication to the affected area and then gently rub it off after 5 to 10 minutes.
Apply a thin coating of the medication, but ensure that all affected areas are covered with the medication.
A night-shift nurse receives a call from the emergency department about a client with herpes zoster who is going to be admitted to the floor. Based on this diagnosis, where should the nurse assign the client? a. Semi-private room with a client diagnosed with pneumonia b. Semi-private room with a client who had chickenpox and was admitted with a GI bleed c. Private room d. Isolation room with negative airflow
Private room
A patient diagnosed with a stasis ulcer has been hospitalized on the unit. The nurse has orders to change the dressing and provide wound care. Which activity should the nurse perform first? a. Assess the drainage in the dressing b. Slowly remove the soiled dressing c. Wash hands thoroughly d. Put on latex gloves
Wash hands thoroughly
A client is being treated for acne vulgaris. What contributes to follicular irritation? a. overproduction of sebum b. chocolate c. stress d. potato chips
overproduction of sebum
The nurse should assess all possible causes of pruritus for a patient complaining of generalized pruritus. What does the nurse understand can be other causes for this condition? a. End-stage kidney disease b. Hypothyroidism c. Pneumonia d. Myasthenia gravis
end stage kidney disease
The patient is advised to apply a suspension-type lotion to a dermatosis site. The nurse should advise the patient to apply the lotion how often to be effective? a. Every hour b. Every 3 hours c. Every 12 hours d. Every day at the same time
Every 3 hours
A patient diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma asks the nurse how he got cancer. The nurse tells the patient that the most common cause of basal cell carcinoma is what? a. Immunosuppression b. Radiation exposure c. Sun exposure d. Burns
sun exposure
The nurse is conducting an admission history and physical examination of a client with a history of contact dermatitis. The nurse assesses whether the client uses which medication classification? a. Corticosteroids b. Saline irrigations c. Antifungals d. Antivirals
Corticosteroids
Which medication classification may be used for contact dermatitis? a. Corticosteroids b. Saline irrigations c. Antifungals d. Antivirals
Corticosteroids
What advice should the nurse give a client with dermatitis until the etiology of the dermatitis is identified? a. Use wool, synthetics, and other dense fibers. b. Wear rubber gloves when in contact with soaps. c. Rub the skin vigorously to dry. d. Use hot water for bathing.
Wear rubber gloves when in contact with soaps
A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with what is thought to be toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). When assessing the health history of the patient, the nurse would be alert to what precipitating factor? a. History of blistering sunburns b. Substandard hygienic conditions c. Medication reaction d. History of chicken pox
Medication reaction
The nurse is a participant in a health fair that has been sponsored by the local VFW. An attendee has told the nurse about his wife's recent battle with skin cancer and others have replied with comments about the risk factors and prevention of the disease. What health education should the nurse provide to this group? a. "If you like to tan, it's important that you do so for less than 60 minutes at a time." b. "Any form of clothing will effectively block the sun's rays from damaging your skin." c. "Sunscreens have been shown to have little effect on the ultraviolet damage that is caused by the sun." d. "Even if it's cloudy outside, the sun's rays can still cause harm to your skin and contribute to skin cancer."
"Even if it's cloudy outside, the sun's rays can still cause harm to your skin and contribute to skin cancer."
The nurse is a participant in a health fair that has been sponsored by the local VFW. An attendee has told the nurse about his wife's recent battle with skin cancer and others have replied with comments about the risk factors and prevention of the disease. What health education should the nurse provide to this group? a. "If you like to tan, it's important that you do so for less than 60 minutes at a time." b. "Any form of clothing will effectively block the sun's rays from damaging your skin." c. "Sunscreens have been shown to have little effect on the ultraviolet damage that is caused by the sun." d. "Even if it's cloudy outside, the sun's rays can still cause harm to your skin and contribute to skin cancer."
"Even if it's cloudy outside, the sun's rays can still cause harm to your skin and contribute to skin cancer."
A nurse is aware that the incidence and prevalence of multiple melanoma are increasing. Which of the following individuals likely faces the greatest risk of developing the disease? a. A person who has a history of atopic dermatitis that has been unresponsive to treatment b. A person who is immunocompromised because of human immunodeficiency virus c. A person who comes from a family whose members tend to have multiple changing moles d. An African American person who has extensive keloid scarring
A person who comes from a family whose members tend to have multiple changing moles
A 79-year-old female resident of a long-term care facility has developed a rash on her back and trunk and the health care provider who is on call to the facility has diagnosed her with shingles. The registered nurse who is responsible for coordinating the care at the facility should prioritize which of the following nursing diagnoses in the care of this resident? a. Risk for Imbalanced Body Temperature related to shingles b. Risk for Injury related to shingles c. Acute Pain related to shingles d. Activity Intolerance related to shingles
Acute Pain related to shingles
A 79-year-old female resident of a long-term care facility has developed a rash on her back and trunk and the health care provider who is on call to the facility has diagnosed her with shingles. The registered nurse who is responsible for coordinating the care at the facility should prioritize which of the following nursing diagnoses in the care of this resident? a. Risk for Imbalanced Body Temperature related to shingles b. Risk for Injury related to shingles c. Acute Pain related to shingles d. Activity Intolerance related to shingles
Acute Pain related to shingles
The nurse is instructing the patient in how to apply a corticosteroid cream to lesions on the arm. What intervention can the nurse instruct the patient to do to increase the absorption of the medication? a. Apply an occlusive dressing over the site after application. b. Make sure that the skin is slightly dehydrated so that the medication can absorb through the skin cracks. c. Apply a thick layer of cream over the lesions so that if some rubs off, there is more to absorb. d. Apply the medication every 2 hours.
Apply an occlusive dressing over the site after application.
An older adult patient's skin has become progressively drier in recent years, and the patient now describes many of her skin surfaces as being "incredibly itchy, all the time." The nurse who is contributing to this patient's care should encourage the patient to: a. Use a moderately abrasive material to scratch the affected skin areas. b. Apply an over-the-counter corticosteroid ointment to the affected regions. c. Avoid scratching the affected skin areas because this may exacerbate pruritus. d. Take analgesics to achieve relief from pruritus.
Avoid scratching the affected skin areas because this may exacerbate pruritus.
The nurse is working with community groups. At which of the following locations would the nurse anticipate a possible scabies outbreak? a. Shopping mall b. Swimming pool c. College dormitory d. Gymnasium
College dormitory
A male patient is being treated in the hospital for the effects of a debilitating ischemic stroke that he experienced 2 weeks ago. The patient's plan of care identifies a risk of skin breakdown due to the cognitive, sensory, and motor effects of the stroke. What intervention should the nurse prioritize in an effort to reduce the patient's risk of pressure ulcers? a. Turn the patient at least twice between 2200 and 0600 each night. b. Ensure that the patient's heels are elevated off the surface of his bed. c. Avoid seating the patient in a chair until his rehabilitation has been completed. d. Provide relevant health education to the patient about the management of pressure ulcers.
Ensure that the patient's heels are elevated off the surface of his bed
Which procedure done for skin cancer conserves the most amount of normal tissue? a. Moh's micrographic surgery b. Electrosurgery c. Cryosurgery d. Surgical excision
Moh's micrographic surgery
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) or Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Which action should the nurse include? a. Frequently inspect the oral cavity. b. Use friction when repositioning the client. c. Limit fluids. d. Apply a continuous current of warm air.
Frequently inspect the oral cavity
When writing a plan of care for a patient with psoriasis, the nurse would know that an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient would be what? a. Impaired skin integrity related to scaly lesions b. Acute pain of the skin and oral cavity related to blistering and erosions c. Risk for injury related to epidermal shedding d. Anxiety and depression related to disfigurement
Impaired skin integrity related to scaly lesions
A patient is being evaluated for nodular cystic acne. What systemic pharmacologic agent may be prescribed for the treatment of this disorder? a. Isotretinoin (Accutane) b. Benzoyl peroxide c. Retin-A d. Salicylic acid
Isotretinoin (Accutane)
The nurse assesses the client and observes reddish-purple to dark blue macules, plaques, and nodules. The nurse recognizes that these manifestations are associated with which condition? a. Platelet disorders b. Kaposi sarcoma c. Allergic reactions d. Syphilis
Kaposi sarcoma
A patient has developed a wound infection following a transmetatarsal foot amputation. The patient's wound has been producing copious amounts of exudate in recent days, necessitating several dressing changes each day. Which of the following wound care interventions may be indicated in the treatment of this patient's wound? a. Negative pressure wound therapy b. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy c. Débridement d. A collagen dressing
Negative pressure wound therapy
Which of the following is an appropriate teaching component for the client diagnosed with lice to prevent reinfestation? a. There is no risk when used in pregnant women. b. Pediculicides may be used on pets. c. Perform hair inspection whenever there is an outbreak, even if asymptomatic. d. Infestation is a reflection of hygiene practices.
Perform hair inspection whenever there is an outbreak, even if asymptomatic.
Dry, rough, scaly skin with the presence of itching is best described as: a. Pruritus b. Shingles c. Candidiasis d. Seborrhea
Pruritus
A patient is scheduled for Mohs microscopic surgery for removal of a skin cancer lesion on his forehead. The nurse knows to prepare the patient by explaining that this type of surgery requires: a. Destruction of the tissue by electrical energy. b. Removal of the tumor, layer by layer. c. A process of deep-freezing the tumor, thawing and refreezing. d. The use of radiation therapy.
Removal of the tumor, layer by layer.
A patient diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma asks the nurse how he got cancer. The nurse tells the patient that the most common cause of basal cell carcinoma is what? a. Immunosuppression b. Radiation exposure c. Sun exposure d. Burns
Sun exposure
A patient with squamous cell carcinoma has been scheduled for treatment of this malignancy. The nurse knows that primary treatment method of this type of cancer is what? a. Chemotherapy b. Radiation therapy c. Surgical excision d. Biopsy of Sample Tissue
Surgical excision
The nurse is providing morning hygiene for an older adult patient who requires total care due to late-stage Alzheimer's disease. In recent weeks, the patient has shown signs of dermatitis on various skin surfaces. When providing a bed bath for this patient, the nurse should do which of the following? a. Use only water to wash and rinse the patient's skin surfaces. b. Utilize a deodorant soap to reduce the risk of skin breakdown due to excessive perspiration. c. Avoid using a towel to dry the patient's skin. d. Use a mild soap or a soap substitute when washing the patient's skin.
Use a mild soap or a soap substitute when washing the patient's skin
A client has been diagnosed with shingles. Which of the following medication classifications will reduce the severity and prevent development of new lesions? a. Antiviral b. Corticosteroids c. Analgesics d. Antipyretics
antiviral
The nurse is caring for a geriatric client with thin, chapped, itchy skin. Which nursing intervention should the nurse alter in the plan of care? a. Use of a gait belt for ambulation b. Maintenance of foam pad on wheelchair c. Daily bathing with warm-hot water d. Applying lanolin ointment
applying lanolin ointment
Which primary lesions are associated with acne caused by sebum blockage in hair follicles? a. Furuncles b. Comedones c. Carbuncles d. Striae
comedones
A nurse is providing care to a client with pruritus. The nurse is assisting the client with measures to reduce the itching and subsequent scratching in order to prevent the release of which substance? a. histamine b. acetylcholine c. dopamine d. cytokines
histamine
The classic lesions of impetigo manifest as a. comedones in the facial area. b. honey-yellow crusted lesions on an erythematous base. c. abscessed skin and subcutaneous tissue. d. patches of grouped vesicles on red and swollen skin.
honey-yellow crusted lesions on an erythematous base
The nurse is providing care for a young woman who has sought care because of signs and symptoms that are characteristic of psoriasis. When planning this woman's care, the nurse should be mindful of the fact that the etiology of the problem involves which of the following? a. Chronic infection b. Immune dysfunction c. Persistent physical irritation d. Benign neoplastic processes
immune dysfunction
Which of the following reflect the pathophysiology of cutaneous signs of HIV disease? a. Immune function deterioration b. High CD4 count c. Genetic predisposition d. Decrease in normal skin flora
immune function deterioration
While performing an initial assessment of a patient, the nurse observes an elevated blue-black lesion on the patient's ear. The nurse knows that this is indicative of what type of skin cancer? a. Basal cell carcinoma b. Squamous cell carcinoma c. Dermatofibroma d. Malignant melanoma
malignant melanoma
While assessing the skin of a 45-year-old, fair-skinned female client, the nurse notes a lesion on the medial aspect of her lower leg. It has irregular borders, with various shades of black and brown. The client states that the lesion itches occasionally and bled slightly a few weeks ago. She also reveals a history of sunburns. Based on these signs and symptoms, the nurse suspects: a. squamous cell carcinoma. b. actinic keratoses. c. melanoma. d. basal cell carcinoma.
melanoma
In the oncology nursing portion of their medical-surgical class, the nursing students are learning about Kaposi's sarcoma. Because of the student's knowledge of pathophysiology, the student nurse would be correct in identifying this type of skin malignancy as affecting which portion(s) of the body? a. chest & back only b. invaded breast tissue c. infiltrated lymph nodes only d. multiple body organs
multiple body organs
