Mental Health Chapter 2 NCLEX Questions
Which nursing intervention demonstrates the theory behind operant conditioning? A. Rewarding the client with a token for avoiding an argument with another client B. Showing the client how to be assertive without being aggressive C. Demonstrating deep breathing techniques to a group of clients D. Explaining to the client the consequences of not following unit rules
A. Rewarding the client with a token for avoiding an argument with another client Operant conditioning is the basis for behavior modification and uses positive reinforcement to increase desired behaviors. For example, when desired goals are achieved or behaviors are performed, patients might be rewarded with tokens. These tokens can be exchanged for food, small luxuries, or privileges. This reward system is known as a token economy. None of the remaining options demonstrate reward for positive behaviors, climate, and structure, for healing.
Consider both Sullivan's term security operations and Freud's term defense mechanisms. Which statement suggests that the client's specialized treatment goal has been successfully met? A. "I really think I can succeed in school now." B. "I'm experiencing much less anxiety about school now." C. "Going back to school is hard and I'll need support." D. "I know that I'm not the only person who has a difficult time in school."
B. "I'm experiencing much less anxiety about school now." Both Sullivan and Freud coined terms to mean actions that individuals do that are an attempt to reduce anxiety. The terms to do not refer to activities that increase self-esteem. Security operations and defense mechanisms are not conscious and therefore do not increase self-awareness. These terms do not refer to reducing cognitive distortions.
A client states, "I will always be alone because nobody could ever love me." The nurse recognizes that the client is expressing what cognitive-behavioral concept? A. Emotional consequence B. Schema C. Actualization D. Aversion
B. Schema Schemas are unique assumptions about ourselves, according to Beck's theory. This statement is an example of a negative schema. Emotional consequence is the end result of negative thinking process, as described by Ellis. Actualization is a level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Aversion is a therapy characterized by punishment.
A nurse is providing care to a 28-year-old patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder who was admitted in a manic state. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, the nurse should identify which patient symptom as having priority? A. Rapid, pressured speech B. Grandiose thoughts C. Lack of sleep D. Hyperactive behavior
C. Lack of sleep Based on Maslow's theory, physiological needs such as food, water, air, sleep, etc., are the priority and must be taken care of first. The other options are symptoms of mania but not as critical as lack of sleep.
A nurse expresses an exclusive belief in the biological model for mental illness when stating "it's the only one I really believe." What conclusion should be drawn from this statement? A. The biological model is the oldest and most reliable model for explaining mental illness. B. The biological model has been proven to be successful in finding the cause of most symptoms of mental illness. C. The biological model is the most popular theory among leading psychiatrists and therefore the one that should be fully embraced. D. In believing only in the biological model, other influences on mental health including cultural, environmental, social, and spiritual influences are not taken into account.
D. In believing only in the biological model, other influences on mental health including cultural, environmental, social, and spiritual influences are not taken into account. In believing only in the biological model to the exclusion of other theories and perspectives, influences such as educational, social, spiritual, cultural, environmental, and economic are not considered, and these have also been proven to play a part in mental health and mental illness. The other options are untrue.
