Mental Health-Chapter 4: Treatment Settings and Therapeutic Programs
The rate of mental illness in the jailed population has been increasing faster than that of the general population. How many times higher is the rate of mental illness in the jailed population? 3 2 5 4
5 Explanation: The mentally ill population is arrested and prosecuted at five times the rate of the general population.
A nursing instructor is teaching a class about transitional psychiatric care. The instructor determines that additional education is needed when the class identifies which client as appropriate for this care? A 43-year-old recovering from acute psychoses A 52-year-old with AIDS dementia A 42-year-old who would like to enter marriage counseling A 34-year-old with severe and persistent mental illness
A 42-year-old who would like to enter marriage counseling Explanation: Transitional psychiatric care is appropriate for different age groups. Individuals who most benefit from in-home mental health care include clients with chronic, persistent mental illness or clients with mental illness and comorbid medical conditions that require ongoing monitoring.
The nurse is caring for a group of individuals with mental health disorders in an outpatient clinic. Which client is most likely to be referred to transitional care mental health services? A client with oppositional defiant disorder A client with school phobia and anxiety A client with schizophrenia and diabetes A client with depression who is responding to treatment
A client with schizophrenia and diabetes Explanation: Individuals most appropriate for in-home mental health care services include clients with chronic persistent mental illness or those who have a comorbid condition, such as diabetes, and require long-term monitoring.
Which best defines a community support system in relation to mental illness? An organized system of group housing arrangements designed to support the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill A system of interventions designed to affect macrosystem variables that discriminate against people with mental illness A network that helps to meet the needs of people with mental illness and to realize their potential without unnecessary isolation A network of 12-step programs and support groups
A network that helps to meet the needs of people with mental illness and to realize their potential without unnecessary isolation Explanation: A community support system is a network of people committed to helping a vulnerable population meet its needs and reach its potentials without unnecessary isolation or exclusion.
Which is the most restrictive setting in the continuum? Acute inpatient hospitalization Crisis intervention Partial hospitalization Residential care
Acute inpatient hospitalization Explanation: Of the settings listed, acute inpatient hospitalization involves the most intensive treatment and is considered the most restrictive setting in the continuum. Inpatient treatment is reserved for acutely ill clients who, because of a mental illness, meet one or more of three criteria: (1) high risk for harming themselves, (2) high risk for harming others, or (3) unable to care for their basic needs.
A nurse is caring for a client with severe and persistent mental illness. As a case manager, what interventions should the nurse do for the client? Select all that apply . Arrange for financial resources required for the treatment. Help the caregivers to cope with stress related to the illness of the client. Refer the client to other community mental health services that would be beneficial for the client. Teach caregivers about behavior modifications required to manage the client. Make provisions for the client to get admitted in short-term residential therapy.
Arrange for financial resources required for the treatment. Teach caregivers about behavior modifications required to manage the client. Help the caregivers to cope with stress related to the illness of the client. Refer the client to other community mental health services that would be beneficial for the client. Explanation: Case management is an important role of the nurse. As a case manager, the nurse acts as a liaison between the client and community resources and third-party payers. The nurse should help the client to identify resources that would help reduce the financial burden on the client's caregivers. The nurse should also refer the client to other mental health services that would be beneficial to the client. Teaching about behavioral strategies to manage the client is indicative of the nurse's role as a teacher. Helping the caregivers to cope with stress related to the illness of the client is indicative of the nurse's role as a counselor. The client has severe and persistent mental illness; therefore, instead of getting the client admitted in short-term residential therapy, the nurse should arrange to admit the client for long-term institutionalization.
A nurse is caring for a client with severe and persistent mental illness. As a case manager, what interventions should the nurse do for the client? Select all that apply. Refer the client to other community mental health services that would be beneficial for the client. Arrange for financial resources required for the treatment. Make provisions for the client to get admitted in short-term residential therapy. Teach caregivers about behavior modifications required to manage the client. Help the caregivers to cope with stress related to the illness of the client.
Arrange for financial resources required for the treatment. Teach caregivers about behavior modifications required to manage the client. Help the caregivers to cope with stress related to the illness of the client. Refer the client to other community mental health services that would be beneficial for the client. Explanation: Case management is an important role of the nurse. As a case manager, the nurse acts as a liaison between the client and community resources and third-party payers. The nurse should help the client to identify resources that would help reduce the financial burden on the client's caregivers. The nurse should also refer the client to other mental health services that would be beneficial to the client. Teaching about behavioral strategies to manage the client is indicative of the nurse's role as a teacher. Helping the caregivers to cope with stress related to the illness of the client is indicative of the nurse's role as a counselor. The client has severe and persistent mental illness; therefore, instead of getting the client admitted in short-term residential therapy, the nurse should arrange to admit the client for long-term institutionalization.
Coordination of care uses services that enable individualized care. Which type of service is also known as the "broker" model? Crisis intervention Respite residential care Case management Partial hospitalization
Case management Explanation: Coordinated care is often accomplished through a case management service model in which a case manager locates services, links the patient with them, and then monitors the patient's receipt of these services. This type of case management is referred to as the "broker" model. Crisis intervention, partial hospitalization, and respite residential care are not known as the "broker" model.
Which would not be considered an impediment to successful discharge planning? Compliance with the therapeutic regimen Alcohol and drug abuse Criminal or violent behavior Noncompliance with medications
Compliance with the therapeutic regimen Explanation: Compliance with the therapeutic regimen is not an impediment to successful discharge planning. Criminal or violent behavior, alcohol and drug abuse, and noncompliance with medications are all barriers to successful discharge planning.
The same principles that define the nursing process are at work within the provision of community based mental health services through which interventions? Reintegration process Discharge planning process Coordination of care Casefinder model of care
Coordination of care Explanation: In the continuum of care, the nursing process is similar to the coordination of care for psychiatric clients.
Which is an example of secondary prevention in the forensic setting? Case management Advocacy Rehabilitation Crisis intervention
Crisis intervention Explanation: Crisis intervention is considered secondary prevention. Rehabilitation and case management are tertiary preventions. Advocacy is a primary prevention.
A nursing instructor informs a class that the trend in the United States today is to receive treatment without institutional-based intervention. What else is true concerning mental health care today? Changes in health care reimbursement have had no effects on outcomes. Criteria for admission to inpatient care have become legally regulated. Insurance and Medicaid/Medicare are lenient in regards to payment for this care. Treatment settings for patients with mental illnesses have remained constant the last century.
Criteria for admission to inpatient care have become legally regulated. Explanation: Treatment settings for patients with mental illnesses have undergone a paradigm shift in recent years. Changes in health care reimbursement have greatly affected the U.S. behavioral health care system. Insurances and Medicaid/Medicare have affected the level of care given to patients. Criteria for admission to inpatient care have thus become very regulated, which has led to fewer services offered.
The nurse is reviewing a client's history, which reveals that the client is participating in a psychiatric rehabilitation program. The nurse understands that which is the goal of this program? Empower clients to achieve the highest level of functioning possible Carefully detox from alcohol and substance abuse Provide self-help groups and training in daily living Promote the ability of clients with serious mental illness to live within the community
Empower clients to achieve the highest level of functioning possible Explanation: Psychiatric rehabilitation programs, also termed psychosocial rehabilitation, focus on the reintegration of people with psychiatric disabilities into the community through work, education, and social avenues while addressing their medical and residential needs. The goal is to empower clients to achieve the highest level of functioning possible. In-home detoxification promotes careful detoxification from alcohol and sbstances. The Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) model helps individuals with serious mental illness live in the community. Recovery centers assist in the mental health consumer's journey toward recovery by offering self-help groups and training in daily living. In addition, recovery centers offer illness self-management interventions.
The nurse is reviewing a client's history, which reveals that the client is participating in a psychiatric rehabilitation program. The nurse understands that which is the goal of this program? Provide self-help groups and training in daily living Empower clients to achieve the highest level of functioning possible Promote the ability of clients with serious mental illness to live within the community Carefully detox from alcohol and substance abuse
Empower clients to achieve the highest level of functioning possible Explanation: Psychiatric rehabilitation programs, also termed psychosocial rehabilitation, focus on the reintegration of people with psychiatric disabilities into the community through work, education, and social avenues while addressing their medical and residential needs. The goal is to empower clients to achieve the highest level of functioning possible. In-home detoxification promotes careful detoxification from alcohol and sbstances. The Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) model helps individuals with serious mental illness live in the community. Recovery centers assist in the mental health consumer's journey toward recovery by offering self-help groups and training in daily living. In addition, recovery centers offer illness self-management interventions.
The nurse is caring for a group of clients in a residential treatment facility. While the intensive outpatient programs promote education in the areas of stress management and relapse prevention, the residential treatment facility emphasizes what? Ensuring a sustainable living situation Nutritional therapies Spiritual aspects of care Drug abuse prevention
Ensuring a sustainable living situation Explanation: A client's living environment affects his or her level of functioning, rate of reinstitutionalization, and duration of the remaining time in the community setting. Finding a quality living situation requires ensuring sustainability of the placement as this minimizes the possibility of future hospitalization due to decompensation of mental status.
The nurse is caring for a group of clients in a residential treatment facility. While the intensive outpatient programs promote education in the areas of stress management and relapse prevention, the residential treatment facility emphasizes what? Ensuring a sustainable living situation Drug abuse prevention Nutritional therapies Spiritual aspects of care
Ensuring a sustainable living situation Explanation: A client's living environment affects his or her level of functioning, rate of reinstitutionalization, and duration of the remaining time in the community setting. Finding a quality living situation requires ensuring sustainability of the placement as this minimizes the possibility of future hospitalization due to decompensation of mental status.
The client is a 46-year-old who is being admitted to a psychiatric-mental health facility. The client is angry, defensive, and paranoid. Which is the nurse's priority? Ensuring client and personal safety Ensuring the client that medication will correct the client's problems Determining the client's willingness to be admitted Determining the source of the client's anger and paranoia
Ensuring client and personal safety Explanation: When clients are admitted to inpatient psychiatric settings, nurses often are the first health care providers they meet. Clients may be frightened, angry, defensive, paranoid, anxious, or despondent. Giving reminders to clients that they are safe is a nursing priority. Another priority is ensuring the safety of other clients and staff.
The greatest impact case management has had on mental health care is that it has caused what? A focus on an illness, not a health paradigm Has stimulated an interest in professional mental health careers Has increased client access to appropriate mental health care Has affected public awareness of mental health care needs
Has increased client access to appropriate mental health care Explanation: Case management has increased client access to appropriate mental health services and offers availability of a choice of providers based on the type of care required.
A nurse is working as a mental health case manager. Which is included within this nurse's role? Select all that apply. Identification of services Discharge planning from the inpatient facility Client monitoring for use of services Linkage of client with services Detoxification
Identification of services Linkage of client with services Client monitoring for use of services Explanation: Coordinated care is often accomplished through a case management service model, in which a case manager locates services, links the client with these services, and then monitors the client's receipt of these services. This type of case management is referred to as the "broker" model.
A psychiatric client's nurse case manager best explains to the family that case management will facilitate the client's transition back into the community by providing which services? Contacting and maintaining relationships with the client's various service providers Facilitating reimbursement and coverage by the client's private and public insurances Prescribing nursing care directed toward managing the client's acute and chronic health problems Identifying and meeting the client's health and human service needs
Identifying and meeting the client's health and human service needs Explanation: Case management is a collaborative process that assesses, plans, implements, coordinates, monitors, and evaluates the options and services required to meet an individual client's health and human service needs.
A nurse is developing a community education program for a local women's club on the topic of managed care in mental health. Which would the nurse include as the main focus? Improved access to less costly services Individualized care for additional inpatient stays Cost savings Consistent third-party reimbursement
Improved access to less costly services Explanation: Managed care aims to increase access to care and provide the most appropriate level of services in the least restrictive environment. Efforts focus on providing more outpatient and alternative treatment programs and avoiding costly inpatient hospitalizations. When properly conducted and administered, managed care allows clients better access to quality services while using health care dollars wisely.
Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) reduces the use of which type of service? Detoxification Community based Crisis intervention In-patient Hospital
In-patient Hospital Explanation: ACT, a community based service, reduces the use of hospital and emergency room services, which in turn reduces the cost of mental health treatment for clients with serious mental illnesses. ACT does not reduce the use of crisis intervention, or detoxification.
Which statement accurately describes the clubhouse model of community-based mental health rehabilitation? Focus is on illness, not health. Taking prescribed drugs is a condition to participation. Staff ultimately makes decisions about treatment. It exists to promote rehabilitation alliance.
It exists to promote rehabilitation alliance. Explanation: The clubhouse model exists to promote rehabilitation alliance as a positive force in the members' lives. The focus of this model is on health. Taking prescribed drugs is not a condition for participation. Members make decisions regarding their treatment.
A nurse working in a psychiatric inpatient facility correctly identifies the term "milieu therapy" to mean what? A multidisciplinary approach Maintenance of the therapeutic environment Therapy that does not include medication Inclusion of both art therapy and psychotherapy
Maintenance of the therapeutic environment Explanation: Milieu therapy is also known as the maintenance of the therapeutic environment.
A nurse working in a psychiatric inpatient facility correctly identifies the term "milieu therapy" to mean what? Maintenance of the therapeutic environment Inclusion of both art therapy and psychotherapy Therapy that does not include medication A multidisciplinary approach
Maintenance of the therapeutic environment Explanation: Milieu therapy is also known as the maintenance of the therapeutic environment.
Which areas of discharge planning are important to ensuring client safety? Select all that apply. Special diet instructions Food-drug interactions Social status Payment of care Medication education
Medication education Food-drug interactions Special diet instructions Explanation: Medication education, food-drug interactions, drug-drug interactions, and special diet instructions (if applicable) are extremely important in ensuring client safety. Ability to pay for care and social status are not directly related to patient safety.
Which type of service is provided to medically stable clients who do not require inpatient, residential, or home care environments? Outpatient care Crisis Intervention Crisis stabilization Detoxification
Outpatient care Explanation: Outpatient care is a level that occurs outside of the hospital or institution. Outpatient services usually are less intensive and provided to patients who do not require inpatient, residential, or home care environments.
Which mental health treatment setting is not a residential treatment setting? Adult foster care Group homes Respite Partial hospitalization programs
Partial hospitalization programs Explanation: Partial hospitalization programs are designed to help the client make a gradual transition from being inpatients to having independence and to prevent repeat admissions. The remaining options are all settings that are associated with long-term living arrangements.
Which would be most important for the nurse to do in order to maximize client adherence with the discharge plan? Monitoring the client continuously Partnering with the client from the beginning Telling the client to adhere to the plan Encouraging the client to ask for help
Partnering with the client from the beginning Explanation: The nurse can optimize discharge plan compliance by partnering with the client from the first encounter. Because clients with mental illnesses may have limited cognitive abilities and residual motivational and anxiety problems, the nurse should explain in detail all after-care plans and instructions to the client.
Individuals who are most likely to receive inpatient mental health treatment are those who meet which criteria? Cannot afford housing or are unable to maintain employment Pose a risk of harm to self or others Have a coexisting medical condition Have a condition that has not responded to medication
Pose a risk of harm to self or others Explanation: Candidates most likely to receive inpatient treatment are those who pose a risk of harm to self or others.
The goal of respite services as a prevention strategy includes what? Identifying clients who are unable to continue living in their present circumstances Promoting a service to assist individuals with mental illness to achieve independent living Preventing unnecessary long-term hospitalizations due to burnout of informal caregivers Targeting the chronic population of individuals requiring daily monitoring of their behavior and medication adheren
Preventing unnecessary long-term hospitalizations due to burnout of informal caregivers Explanation: The goals of respite programs are to prevent unnecessary long-term care placements and hospitalizations due to informal caregiver burnout.
A client with a mental illness is receiving care which includes counseling, mentoring, and support from individuals who are successfully dealing with their illness and training in daily living. The client is also receiving interventions related to illness self-management. The client is involved with which type of psychosocial rehabilitation? Relapse prevention after care Recovery center Self-help group Supported employment
Recovery center Explanation: Recovery centers assist in the mental health consumer's journey towards recovery by offering self-help groups and training in daily living. In addition, recovery centers offer illness self-management interventions. Self-help groups include Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous. Relapse prevention after care focuses on preventing relapse of symptoms. Supported employment services assist individuals to find work and assess their skills, attitudes, behaviors, and interests relevant to work.
Which are functions of assertive community treatment? Select all that apply. Decreases availability of services Promotes continuity of outpatient care Reduces inpatient service use Increases the likelihood of relapse Increases the stability of people with serious mental illnesses
Reduces inpatient service use Promotes continuity of outpatient care Increases the stability of people with serious mental illnesses Explanation: Assertive community treatment reduces inpatient service use, promotes continuity of outpatient care, and increases the stability of people with serious mental illness. Assertive community treatment does not increase the likelihood of relapse or decrease the availability of services.
The parents of a young adult diagnosed with schizophrenia are providing care for the client in their home. During a home visit, the parents state, "It's been so difficult taking care of our child. We need a break. But our child needs constant supervision." Which would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Acute inpatient care Intensive outpatient program Partial hospitalization Respite residential care
Respite residential care Explanation: Sometimes families of a person with mental illness who lives at home may be unable to provide care continuously. In such cases, respite residential care can provide short-term, necessary housing for the client and provide periodic relief for the caregivers. This would be the most appropriate suggestion in this case and would provide the client with the least restrictive environment. Partial hospitalization programs provide treatment to clients with acute psychiatric symptoms who are experiencing a decline in social or occupational functioning, who cannot function autonomously on a daily basis, or who do not pose imminent danger to themselves or others. This would be appropriate if the client was experiencing any of these, but the major concern here is giving the parents some relief. Acute inpatient care is the most restrictive and is reserved for acutely ill clients. Intensive outpatient programs focus on stabilization and relapse prevention for highly vulnerable individuals who function autonomously on a daily basis. This client requires constant supervision.
Which type of care provides periodic relief to caregivers of a mentally ill client? Crisis stabilization Partial hospitalization Respite residential care Acute inpatient care
Respite residential care Explanation: Sometimes family members of a person with mental illness who lives at home may be unable to provide care continuously. In such cases, respite residential care can provide short-term, necessary housing for the client and provide periodic relief for the caregivers.
The parents of a client with a mental illness being cared for at home tell the nurse that they have been feeling overwhelmed lately. They say, "We need to get away for a few days to recharge ourselves." Which care setting should the nurse recommend? Respite residential care Assertive community treatment (ACT) Recovery center Psychosocial rehabilitation
Respite residential care Explanation: Sometimes the family of a person with mental illness who lives at home may be unable to provide care continuously. In such cases, respite residential care can provide short-term, necessary housing for the client and provide periodic relief for the caregivers. The ACT model is a multidisciplinary clinical team approach providing 24-hour, intensive community-based services. The ACT model helps individuals with serious mental illness live in the community. Psychiatric rehabilitation programs, also termed psychosocial rehabilitation, focus on the reintegration of people with psychiatric disabilities into the community through work, education, and social avenues, all while addressing their medical and residential needs. Recovery centers assist in the mental health consumer's journey toward recovery by offering self-help groups and training in daily living. In addition, recovery centers offer illness self-management interventions, such as Wellness Recovery Action Planning (WRAP).
One major reason that clients with mental disorders are rehospitalized is what? Resurfacing of acute symptoms Severe side effects of antipsychotic agents Need for close supervision by medical personnel Diagnosis of comorbid disease
Resurfacing of acute symptoms Explanation: One major reason that clients with mental disorders are rehospitalized is the relapse of mental illness and substance abuse.
One major reason that clients with mental disorders are rehospitalized is what? Severe side effects of antipsychotic agents Need for close supervision by medical personnel Diagnosis of comorbid diseases Resurfacing of acute symptoms
Resurfacing of acute symptoms Explanation: One major reason that clients with mental disorders are rehospitalized is the relapse of mental illness and substance abuse.
The nurse is conducting an admission assessment on a client in a forensic setting. Which is a priority care issue? Discussion of crimes Recovery oriented care Conditional release plan Risk assessment
Risk assessment Explanation: Risk assessment is an important determination to maintain the safety of the client and others. The data obtained in the risk assessment, including the client's known history, habits, legal status, and triggers, are used to develop an individualized treatment plan. In some institutions, risk assessment determines the type of facility for the client. Discussion of crimes is not appropriate because it may block the development of an effective therapeutic relationship. Conditional release plans are reserved for those individuals who have been stabilized and are not considered a danger. Recovery oriented care is important, but begins after the development of an individualized treatment plan to help the individual maintain optimal mental health after discharge.
A client is referred to a psychosocial rehabilitation program. When explaining this type of care to the client, what would the nurse emphasize? Services that promote the client's reintegration into the community Intensive treatment that prepares the client to live in the community Detoxification services for alcohol and drugs in an outpatient setting Frequent monitoring within a therapeutic milieu for relapse prevention
Services that promote the client's reintegration into the community Explanation: Psychosocial rehabilitation or psychiatric rehabilitation programs focus on reintegrating people with psychiatric disabilities into the community through work, education, and social avenues while also addressing their medical and residential needs. The goal is to empower clients to achieve the highest level of functioning possible. Intensive treatment that prepares the client to live in the community reflects the focus of assertive community treatment. Outpatient detoxification provides detoxification services for alcohol and drugs in an outpatient setting. Intensive outpatient programs provide frequent monitoring and social support within a therapeutic milieu to enable the client to remain connected to the community.
A client is to be admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit on an involuntary basis because the client has threatened to kill the client's spouse. The nurse should explain to the client's family members that the primary focus of the client's hospitalization is what? Provide rehabilitative services Stabilize acute symptoms Provide long-term therapy Provide 24-hour supervision
Stabilize acute symptoms Explanation: The focus of a crisis stabilization stay is to stabilize the client's acute symptoms through medications and behavioral interventions. This type of care usually lasts fewer than 7 days and has a symptom-based indication for hospital admission.
The nurse is caring for a forensic client scheduled for discharge. Which mental health principle is most influential in recovery after discharge? Violence Stigma Homelessness Community
Stigma Explanation: Forensic patients suffer the combined effects of the stigma of mental illness and criminality. Stigma affects treatment and discharge of forensic clients as well. Stigma is paramount in the recovery for a forensic client. Community, homelessness, and violence are certainly factors, but the overriding stigma of mental illness is the greatest influence.
A client is receiving crisis stabilization in an inpatient facility. The nurse would focus care on what? Recovery Symptom stabilization Discharge planning Psychoeducation
Symptom stabilization Explanation: When the immediate crisis does not resolve quickly, crisis stabilization is the next step. This type of care usually lasts fewer than 7 days and has a symptom-based indication for hospital admission. The primary purpose of stabilization is control of precipitating symptoms through medications, behavioral interventions, and coordination with other agencies for appropriate after-care. The major focus of nursing care in a short-term inpatient setting is symptom management
A client is receiving crisis stabilization in an inpatient facility. The nurse would focus care on what? Discharge planning Recovery Psychoeducation Symptom stabilization
Symptom stabilization Explanation: When the immediate crisis does not resolve quickly, crisis stabilization is the next step. This type of care usually lasts fewer than 7 days and has a symptom-based indication for hospital admission. The primary purpose of stabilization is control of precipitating symptoms through medications, behavioral interventions, and coordination with other agencies for appropriate after-care. The major focus of nursing care in a short-term inpatient setting is symptom management.
A college's nursing program has added an elective in forensic nursing to the curriculum. Which phenomenon underlies the expectation of an expanded role for forensic nursing in the future? Many states now require incarcerated individuals to be frequently assessed by a mental health nurse. People with mental illness are the most common victims of crime. There are high rates of mental illness among incarcerated populations. Most crimes are committed by people who have mental illness.
There are high rates of mental illness among incarcerated populations. Explanation: Forensic nursing is expected to become one of the fastest growing nursing specialties of the 21st century because recent studies have noted the high rates of mental illness among the incarcerated population. People with mental illness are not responsible for most crimes. They are vulnerable to crime, but this fact does not underlie the growth of forensic nursing.
A 54-year-old with severe and persistent mental illness and has been referred to a community support system. What is the basic philosophy behind community support systems? To teach the community about mental illness in order to prevent stigma To ensure that clients comply with their medication regimens to prevent relapse To address the needs of adults with mental illness and increase their ability to function To increase the community's acceptance of individuals with mental illness
To address the needs of adults with mental illness and increase their ability to function Explanation: A community support system is a network of people committed to helping a vulnerable population meet its needs and reach its potentials without unnecessary isolation or exclusion. This basic philosophy of care is meant to address humanely the needs of adults with serious and persistent mental illness, which limits their ability to function in the primary areas of daily living.
Initiatives that strive to strengthen links between primary care and specialized mental health services refer to ... inpatient psychiatric units. collaborative mental health care. psychosocial rehabilitation programs. partial hospitalization programs.
collaborative mental health care. Explanation: Collaborative mental health care refers to activities or initiatives that strive to strengthen links between primary care and specialized mental health services.
