Mesa History 110 CH15
Upon Lincoln's assassination, ____________ became president.
Andrew Johnson p.565
Who among the following was not a leader of the Radical Republicans?
Andrew Johnson p.581
The 1865 agency responsible for the attempt to establish a working free labor system was called the
Freedmen's Bureau. p.571
The phrase "forty acres and a mule" is derived from
Sherman's Field Order 15. p.566
The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution p.585
Which was not true of Liberal Republicans in the post-Civil War era?
They believed the growth of federal power needed to be expanded. p.597
Which of the following was not a major cause of the decline of Reconstruction?
a deepening of mutual respect between black and white southerners, making Reconstruction seem no longer necessary p.600 ish
A "carpetbagger" is
a northerner who settled in the South after the war.
Sharecropping
allowed a black family to rent part of a plantation, with the crop divided between worker and owner at the end of the year. p.574
In the summer of 1865, President Andrew Johnson ordered nearly all land in federal hands
be returned to its former owners. p.573
The Reconstruction Act of March 1867
divided the South into five military districts and called for creation of new state governments, with black men given the right to vote p.584
One of the main purposes of the Freedmen's Bureau was to
ensure a fair and viable system of labor relations between former slaves and former slaveholders. p.571
While Reconstruction brought profound changes, the postwar South was peopled with the same social classes.
false p.575
In consequence of the Reconstruction governments across the South, the region became a vibrant and successful hub of dynamic and expansive economic growth, allowing many African-Americans to escape from poverty.
false p.578
In the five years following the end of the Civil War, former slaves were guaranteed the following in three amendments to the United States Constitution:
freedom from slavery; recognition as citizens; and the vote for adult black men. 13,14,15th amends
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony opposed the Fifteenth Amendment because
it did not enfranchise women. p.588
The Black Codes were
laws that sought to regulate the lives of former slaves. p.580
The Burlingame Treaty reaffirmed China's national sovereignty, and
provided reciprocal protection for religious freedom and against discrimination for citizens of each country emigrating or visiting the other. p.587
Before the Civil War, American citizenship had been closely linked to
race
In a society that had made political participation a core element of freedom, this activity became central to the former slaves' desire for empowerment and equality.
right to vote p.568
Radical Republicans in the Reconstruction era shared the view that
the Union victory created a golden opportunity to institutionalize the principle of equal rights for all, regardless of race. p.581
Which were central elements in the lives of postemancipation blacks in the twenty years following the end of the Civil War?
the family, the church, the school p.568
Between 1880 and 1940 there were more white sharecroppers than black sharecroppers.
true
Black Codes denied black Americans the right to testify against whites, serve on juries or in state militias, or vote.
true
Black Codes sometimes assigned black children to work for their former masters without parental consent.
true
Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens argued that disloyal planters' land should be confiscated and redistributed among former slaves.
true
The civil rights era of the 1950s and 1960s is sometimes called the "Second Reconstruction."
true p.601
Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?
Tenure of Office Act; impeachment of Johnson; election of Grant p.565
The House of Representatives approved articles of impeachment against President Andrew Johnson for violation of what law?
The Tenure of Office Act p.584
The struggles over land and labor united the postemancipation experience in many countries, yet this one aspect made the United States unique.
Within two years after the end of slavery, black males were given the right to vote. p.579
The Enforcement Acts of 1870 and 1871
defined crimes that deprived citizens of their civil and political rights as federal offenses, and under these laws President Grant sent federal marshals to arrest hundreds of accused Klansmen. p.596
The victorious Republicans, the "Redeemers," claimed to have redeemed the white South from corruption, misgovernment, and northern and black control.
false p.584
After emancipation, many freedwomen elected to withdraw from work in the fields and focus their energies at home.
true
Among the important accomplishments of Reconstruction state governments was the establishment of the South's first state-supported public schools.
true
During Reconstruction, some 2,000 African-Americans held public office, among them fourteen in the United States House of Representatives and two U.S. senators.
true p.591
During Reconstruction, a number of state governments initiated civil rights legislation that made it illegal for railroads, hotels, and other institutions to discriminate on the basis of race.
true p.593
"Scalawags" was a derogatory term used to describe southern white Republicans.
true
In relishing their newfound freedom, blacks acquired dogs, guns, and liquor, activities previously barred to them under slavery.
true p.566
There were cases of freed slaves returning to the land they had previously worked demanding that they were "joint heirs" of the estate.
true p.569
The once prosperous Confederate General Braxton Bragg returned from the Civil War to find he had lost everything and lived for some time with his wife in a slave cabin.
true p.570
In 1866, the civil rights bill became the first major law in American history to be passed over a presidential veto.
true p.582
Opposition to Reconstruction resulted from the distaste many southerners had for tax increases that were needed to fund public schools and other improvements, and also because many white southerners could not accept black Americans voting, holding office, and enjoying equality before the law.
true p.595
The KKK was founded in 1866 as a Tennessee secret society and served, in effect, as a military arm of the Democratic Party.
true p.595
During the 1872 elections, the Liberal Republicans argued that Reconstruction was a failure.
true p.597
In the Slaughterhouse Cases (1873), the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment had not altered traditional federalism.
true p.598
The country was plunged into an economic depression in 1873, and support among Republicans for further reforms in the South weakened.
true p.598
During Radical Reconstruction, following ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, the vast majority of eligible African-Americans registered to vote.
true: but women were still uneligible
Black Americans who refused to sign labor contracts to work for whites during Reconstruction
were often convicted of vagrancy and fined; sometimes they were then auctioned off to work for the person who paid the fine.
In consequence of the "Bargain of 1877," President Rutherford B. Hayes
ordered federal troops to stop guarding the state houses in Louisiana and South Carolina. p.600
Many women saw the opportunity to insert their issues into the reforming nation. Their immediate main concerns were all of the following except
outlawing the sale and manufacture of liquor. p.588
Following the Civil War, white and black farmers in the South
saw the price of cotton fall steadily. p.574
Which was not a principal task of the Freedmen's Bureau (1865-1870)?
support black churches and businesses p.572
In the aftermath of the Civil War, the black church was a powerful influence in the South. What two denominations commanded the largest African-American following?
Baptist and Methodist p.568
Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867) was a success.
false p.580
The Black Codes were laws passed by southern Republicans to promote black rights.
false p.580
Under Radical Reconstruction, blacks held most of the South's top elected positions.
false p.591
Robert Smalls was a black senator who served one unsuccessful term before being replaced by a white senator in 1900.
false p.592
The Ku Klux Klan sought to uphold the American ideal of equality and justice for all.
false p.595
Some 900 blacks sat in state legislatures during Reconstruction, yet few held local offices.
false: 700 p.592.
All of the victims of the Ku Klux Klan were black.
false; they would go after white republicans too
In President Andrew Johnson's view, African-Americans ought to play what part in Reconstruction?
none p.579
The Fifteenth Amendment granted the vote to white women but not black women.
false: men p.585