Methods of Teaching English Midterm

List and be able to match the parts of the lesson design.

1. Objectives and standards (TEKS) 2. Task analysis 3. Plan lesson 4. Anticipatory set (focus, objective, purpose) 5. Direct instruction (modeling, check for understanding, input) 6. Guided practice - Possible reteach then guided practice again 7. Independent practice 8. Closure 9. Plan another lesson

Name two challenges in being an ESL teacher.

1. An ESL teacher must teach students to learn hundreds of thousands of words 2. Students of an ESL teacher are expected to learn academic subjects at the same time as English

Name two advantages of being an ESL teacher.

1. ESL teachers are in high demand throughout the world 2. ESL teachers have the opportunity to work and live in different countries

List the steps steps in the language experience approach to reading.

1. Provide stimulus for discussion and writing 2. Conduct an oral discussion about the stimulus 3. Brainstorm about the stimulus, creating a word bank 4. Help students compose a passage with the word bank 5. Read the passage aloud at least three times 6. Have students write their own sentences on sentence strips 7. Have students make a story and draw a picture 8. Have students share their story

List the process for putting a child in the bilingual program beginning with the home language survey and ending with exiting the student in third grade after they pass STAAR. Explain how long they are monitored after exiting the program. Explain what the duties of the LPAC are and who is on it.

1. Students receive a take-home survey within 30 days of enrollment 2. Student will receive an oral language assessment (in English) 3. Results of assessment are given to the Language Proficiency Assessment Committee (LPAC)LPAC is made of the Principal, Counselor, ESL teacher and the parent of a child who has graduated from the program. 4. LPAC analyzes the results and places the student in the program. 5. LPAC reviews student's progress every grading period (6-9 weeks) and follow up. 6. In 3rd grade, if student passes the STAAR test in English, and scores an advanced high in oral language and writing, they can exit program. 7. LPAC will keep up with student for 2 years after exit from program.

What is the LPAC?

A computer system that has the name of every ELL in the state of Texas and what level they are at. It is a local committee that will decide whether to put a child in or take them out of the bilingual classroom. Language Proficiency Assessment Committee.

Explain the difference in acquisition and learning.

Acquisition is subconscious while learning is conscious and deliberate Acquisition happens within the student naturally while learning is controlled by what the teacher is teaching

Explain BICS and CALP, how long does it take to develop each, and why is it important to ensure that academic language is fully developed?

BICS - Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills, 2 - 3 years CALP - Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency, 5 - 7 years CALP needs to be fully developed because students will be expected to read and write throughout their life.

List the four stages of language development and give two characteristcs of each level.

Beginning - speaks single words and short phrases with practiced materials, tends to give up on attempts. Reads slowly, word by word. Intermediate - comprehends with requests for clarification by asking speaker to repeat, slow down or rephrase. Writes with simple oral tone in messages, high-frequency vocabulary and mostly in present tense. Advanced - reads longer phrases and familiar sentences appropriately. Comprehends with some processing time. Visuals needed for unfamiliar conversations. Advanced High - speaks in extended discussions with few pauses. Writes nearly comparable to native speakers with clarity and precision.

Explain the concepts of CUP and SUP. What do they mean and why are they important to remember as a teacher?

CUP - Common Underlying Proficiency, first language helps with the learning of the second language, knowledge in one language is known in another language SUP - Separate Underlying Proficiency, languages learned are separate and blocks new info

Define ESL and ESOL and explain when it is appropriate to have ESL in elementary school.

ESL - English as a Second Language ESOL - English for Speakers of other Languages ESL curriculum - less than 20 students in the school Bilingual curriculum - more than 20 students in the school

Explain the difference between Bilingual Education and ESL.

ESL - curriculum taught in English Bilingual - curriculum taught in English and another language

Why is it important to consider the culture of the community in making language use decisions?

In a border community or ethnic enclave where most people are bilingual it may be unwise to be the only person in school who will not tolerate the use of students native language

How does motivation affect the learning of a second language?

It creates a positive attitude adjustment and helps students learn the language quicker and better

List and briefly explain the LAD and the outside factors that affect how quickly an ELL student learns English.

LAD - Language Acquisition Device Filter, if the student is comfortable in your classroom, their filter will be open and they will be open to new information given to them. Organizer, the language development area. Monitor, the self-correction area. Outside factors include personality, motivation and attitude, age, first language, and access to language

Define LESA, LEP, ELL, EL, EB. Identify the landmark court case that states that all students that do not know English are entitled to an equal education (Lau vs. Nichols). Explain TEKS and STAAR and what the acronyms stand for.

LESA- limited English speaking ability LEP- limited English proficiency ELL- English language learner EB- Emergent bilingual EL- English learner Lau vs. Nichols- this case rules that schools receiving federal funds must provide non English speaking students with instruction in the English language to ensure that they receive an equal education TEKS (Texas essential knowledge and skills)- set of standards that go over required curriculum by grade level STAAR (state of Texas assessment of academic readiness)- standardized tests that public, government funded schools have to administer

Explain Krashen's Monitor Hypothesis, Affective Filter Hypothesis, and Input Hypothesis.

Monitor Hypothesis states that the learner is consciously learning the grammar rules and functions of a language rather than its meaning. This theory focuses more on the correctness of the language. In Affective Filter, language acquisition can be affected by emotional factors. If the affective filter is higher, then the student is less likely to learn the language. Therefore, the learning environment for the student must be positive and stress-free so that the student is open for input. Input Hypothesis places more emphasis on the acquisition of the second language. This theory is more concerned about how the language is acquired rather than learned.

Describe three types of students you may find in your class.

Mostly English speaking, mostly ESL, and mixed English and ESL

Most ESL students benefit from being with what type of students sometime during the day?

Native English speakers

What are some things that are considered REALIA?

Pictures, maps, charts, and toys

Explain the models of ESL: pullout, push in, self contained

Pullout - students taken out of classroom, students miss content in original class and miss out on interaction with English speaking classmates. Push in - ESL teacher comes in and teaches with the original teacher. Self Contain - ESL students are contained in one classroom with one ESL teacher.

Why should side by side translation not be provided?

Side by side translation can be very confusing and the student will not focus on the English and because they know they can rely on the translation

Explain what the TELPAS system is. What are the areas that are monitored?

The Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment System is a federally required assessment program designed to measure the annual progress that ELLs make in learning academic English. TELPAS assesses K-12 ELLs in four language domains: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

Explain comprehensible input and give four examples.

The teacher speaks in such a way that students are able to understand what is being said even when they do not know or understand all of the words being stated. - tell stories - sing songs - play games - watch movies

List and briefly explain the three models for bilingual education in Texas (transitional, maintenance, dual language).

Transitional - L1 is used during most of the day at the beginning of the program. Throughout the program, L1 is used less and L2 is used more until L2 becomes the dominant language used. Maintenance - 10% of lessons are still taught in L1, in order to maintain true bilingualism. Dual Language - Two languages are used equally throughout the day.

How can volunteers help in the classroom?

Volunteers give students the opportunity to practice what they've learned by engaging in conversation with volunteers. Students can hear the English language from them as a model.

When is it better to use students' native language?

When explaining grammar structures in English that parallel the student's native language, when a student does not understand a lecture, or when giving a description before reading or watching something

What is the importance of the classroom environment and the teacher? What should we keep in mind about these two elements in language approaches?

When the teacher creates a pleasant environment along with comprehensible input the affective filter is lowered and language acquisition is able to occur