MGMT 3880; PART 3

The Consumer Products Forum agreed to a goal of "zero net deforestation" by 2020 using which tactics?

Boycotting raw material purchases from companies that cause forest destruction

Other than financial gain, shareholders often invest for which reasons? (Check all that apply.)

To achieve ethical objectives To achieve social objectives To take control over a firm

A compulsion to engage in rewarding behaviors, despite negative consequences is called ______.

behavior addiction

The practice of a firm producing net zero emissions of greenhouse gases is called ______.

carbon neutrality

The maximum population that the Earth's ecosystem can support with current technology is called ______.

carrying capacity

The most dominant feature of technology is described as ______.

change and then more change

Over the past decade the role of the CIO has ______.

changed dramatically, becoming more integrated into the strategy of the firm

Since the stock market collapse of 2008, how has the proportion of U.S. households that own stocks changed?

declined significantly

Globally, the average amount paid by a victim of ransomware attacks has risen to ______.

just over $1,000

What creative financing solution did the small business Toyola Energy Ltd. implement in order to sell more than 150,000 cookstoves at low consumer prices, according to the case Clean Cooking?

E+Co invested $270,000 in Toyola Energy and helped them sell carbon offsets to Goldman Sachs.

In the late 2000s, which region of the world issued bans against the growing of GM crops?

Europe

Identify the advantages of using robotics in the workplace. (Check all that apply.)

They allow low-skilled workers to perform more complex tasks. They increase overall productivity. They tend to lower labor costs.

How do top managers influence executive pay? (Check all that apply.)

Through ties of friendship with board members Through influencing the selection of board members

Identify actions a company can take to become an ecologically sustainable organization (ESO). (Check all that apply.)

Design long-lasting products Make and transport goods efficiently Minimize the use of energy

The 1998 United States' law that makes it a crime to circumvent antipiracy measures built into most commercial software is called the _______.

Digital Millennium Copyright Act

The clean economy is best exemplified by which industries? (Check all that apply.)

Energy-efficient construction Alternative energy Electric vehicles

Environmental codes of conduct for specific industries include the ______. (Check all that apply.)

Equator Principles Marine Stewardship Council Forest Stewardship Council

The digital divide is accurately defined by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

In developed countries, the poor often have less access to the Internet. People in developing nations often have less Internet access that those in developed countries. The divide is the gap between those with Internet access and those without.

Acid rain is caused by fossil-fuel by-products combined with what?

Natural water vapor

Protection of an individual's private data in the United States is ______.

a legal right

In the United States, CEOs in 2016 made ______ times what the average worker did.

exactly 347

Institutional investors have attempted to increase their influence over management because the alternative of ________.

selling blocks of shares reduces stock price and overall holdings.

Why did Apple refuse to create a back-door software solution to unlock the mobile phone, according to the case To lock or Unlock Your Phone: Personal Privacy or National Security?

The existence of a back-door would have allowed foreign governments and criminals to circumvent the security of any phone.

Market stakeholders who have ownership in a firm are called ______. (Check all that apply.)

shareholders stockholders investors

Increased institutional activism has generally affected company performance in what way?

It has improved.

Insider trading is correctly described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

It includes disclosing confidential information to increase personal gain. It refers to trading stocks based on confidential information. It includes using confidential information to gain an unfair advantage.

According to a United Nations report, by 2017, about what percent of people on the planet still did NOT have Internet access?

Just over half

The United States has boosted Internet access through which government initiatives? (Check all that apply.)

Subsidized Internet upgrades for schools and libraries Gave digital textbooks to people in rural areas Gave grants to expand wired and wireless service in technologically neglected regions

True or false: The movement to improve corporate governance has grown only in the United States, not in other parts of the world.

false

True or false: The proxy advisory firm Glass Lewis gave Wynn Resorts an "A" grade for corporate governance practices in 2016 and 2017, according to the case Corporate Governance and Executive Misconduct at Wynn Resorts?

false

The primary reason that tradable permit programs have been successful is because ______.

firms can comply with regulations using the most cost-effective method

The right to be forgotten means than an individual has a right to ______.

have personal information removed from online search results

Crops were genetically modified to _____. (Check all that apply.)

increase crop yields develop a resistance to insects resist the weed-killer

What are the two leading causes of climate change? (Choose all that apply.)

Black carbon Carbon dioxide

Identify the effects of acid rain. (Check all that apply.)

Damage to lakes and rivers Reduced crop yields Degraded forests

According to systems theory, business, society, and the natural environment must interact in what way to survive?

In relationship to each other

Why is ozone critical to life on Earth?

In the stratosphere, ozone absorbs dangerous ultraviolet light.

What is one common method used by compensation committees to help set executive pay amounts?

Industry average salary surveys

An automobile can compromise a driver's privacy through which types of smart technology? (Check all that apply.)

Global positioning system Internet connection Event data recorder

The illegal copying of copyrighted software is a major problem in which part of the world?

Globally

Describe some negative ecological impacts of the agricultural "green revolution."

Higher rates of waste Contamination caused by pesticides

Sustainability is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

It is the process of preserving natural resources for future generations. It is a major challenge for businesses.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

It was created by the National Environmental Policy Act around 1970. It is the main environmental regulatory agency in the United States.

Biotechnology is most prevalent in which industries? (Check all that apply.)

Medicine Food science Agriculture

True or false: Supporters of market-based mechanisms to protect the environment believe that the market provides better control than mandated government regulations.

True

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) manages which types of environmental regulation? (Check all that apply.)

Water quality Cross-media Air quality

The large volume of details a firm collects from stakeholders describing their normal business transactions is called ______.

big data

Technology that uses biological systems or living organisms in products or processes is called _______.

biotechnology

The ideas, concepts, and other symbolic creations of the human mind are often referred to as

intellectual property

The clean economy is most accurately defined as sectors of the economy that _____.

make products with an environmental benefit

The idea that every distribution channel must work together to deliver a unified and consistent customer experience is called ______.

omnichannel

The primary goal of most shareholders is to make money through which means? (Check all that apply.)

Dividends Capital appreciation

Ocean acidity is caused by which factors? (Check all that apply.)

Excess carbon dioxide absorbed as carbonic acid A concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Boards of directors can address the agency problem by doing what to executive compensation? (Check all that apply.)

Providing large stock option grants to executives. Basing executive compensation on the performance of the company.

The widespread adoption of clean cookstoves would provide which benefits, according to the case Clean Cooking? (Check all that apply.)

Reduced health risks A decrease in soot emissions

In 2017, Microsoft announced plans to address the digital divide using which solution?

Harnessing unused channels between television broadcasts

The term pilot board of directors is best explained by which statement?

It actively guides a company's strategic direction.

The Convention on Climate Change is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

It aims to control the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. It is an international treaty that seeks to reduce global warming.

Why did Panek Precision install collaborative robots to help cut pieces of metal? (Choose all that apply.)

It was a difficult and tedious job for humans. Robots don't take breaks and they just keep going.

The Montreal Protocol is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

Member nations have until 2030 to phase out HCFCs. If everyone participates, the ozone layer should recover by 2050. An international agreement that seeks to reduce chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions.

What is the current trend in corporate information disclosure as prompted by the SEC? (Check all that apply.)

More information is now available on company websites. More information is being disclosed.

In 2017 which country had the most restrictive Internet censorship policies, completely blocking its citizens from conducting Internet searches and from using social media platforms?

North Korea

According to McKinsey and Company, which position is least likely to be replaced with robots?

Team managers

What was the security concern over Verizon using ID headers, or codes, to uniquely track their customers? (Check all that apply.)

The codes could be tracked even after an individual attempted to delete their digital footprint. Databases of codes could make the consumers more vulnerable to covert tracking and profiling.

Identify examples of the self-reinforcing feature of technology. (Check all that apply.)

The invention of the microprocessor led to modern computers. The invention of the modern computer led to electronic mail.

Which principles of good corporate governance were illustrated by Wynn Resorts, according to the case Corporate Governance and Executive Misconduct at Wynn Resorts?

There were no good principles of corporate governance illustrated by Wynn Resorts.

The material sustainability issues of a firm are best described by which statements?

These are sustainability issues that are particularly relevant to a business.

HP addressed their greenhouse gas emissions through project Moonshot by making which changes? (Check all that apply.)

They built servers that used 80 percent less space. They designed servers that use 90 percent less energy.

In China, the government announced that computer makers must take which actions to help control software piracy? (Check all that apply.)

They must inspect all government computers for licensed software. They must preinstall licensed operating systems on all computers shipped.

Identify the primary goals of corporate governance.

To develop internal policies To identify the strategic direction for the firm To balance stakeholder interests

Besides the right to vote, what are the other major legal rights of shareholders? (Check all that apply.)

To sell stock to others To receive annual financial reports To receive declared dividends

Commerce conducted via mobile or cell phones is best explained by which examples? (Check all that apply.)

Trading stocks Mobile shopping

True or false: Technology is either directly or indirectly involved with most changes in society.

True

True or false: The most sustainable organizations tie the compensation of their managers, including line managers, to environmental achievement and take steps to recognize these achievements publicly.

True

The most critical characteristics of sustainability management are _____. (Check all that apply.)

alignment of rewards and incentives employee engagement top management commitment

The process of designing factories as an ecosystem is called ______.

industrial ecology

As artificial intelligence advances to near godlike digital superintelligence, Elon Musk warns that it could ______.

take over the world

The broad term referring to the practical applications of science and knowledge to commercial and organizational activities is called _____.

technology

Some argue that bitcoin is riddled with problems such as ______. (Check all that apply.)

the potential for tax evasion or other types of fraud a general lack of understanding about cryptocurrencies

A firm practicing industrial ecology is best exemplified by which scenarios? (Check all that apply.)

A power company selling excess steam to a nearby pharmaceutical plant An oil refinery removing sulfur and selling it to a sulfuric acid plant

CERLCA (the Superfund law) is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

It introduced a tax on petroleum and chemical companies. The law required the original polluters that could be identified to pay for the cleanup. The law covered costs of cleanup for unidentified original polluters.

Identify some arguments in concern of autonomous vehicles. (Check all that apply.)

It's possible that the vehicle's computer system could be hacked by malicious actors. Self-driving vehicles could take jobs away from truckers, taxi drivers, and other drivers

What percentage of CEOs surveyed recently by IBM predicted that artificial intelligence would play a "key role" in their business's future?

More than 73 percent

What is one reason why the total volume of spam email, as a percentage of all email traffic, declined since 2014?

Most email systems have applied antispam protection.

With respect to the regulation of hydraulic fracturing, identify which of the following states had the most permissive policy, according to the case Hydraulic Fracturing—Can the Environmental Impacts Be Reduced?

North Dakota

Identify the reasons why some have concerns about high executive compensation. (Check all that apply.)

The relationship between company success and executive compensation is weak. High compensation creates resentment from lower-level workers. High salaries divert funds that could have been used to pay shareholder dividends.

What is the most critical concern for businesses when allowing employees to use unlicensed (or pirated) software?

The software might contain vulnerabilities to hacking.

The European two-tier board system is best described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

The supervisory board includes an independent chairperson. The executive board consists of the CEO and inside members.

The Earth's natural capital includes the world's stock of _____. (Check all that apply.)

soil air water

Sustainability leaders found that they are most effective when they involve employees from which part of the organization?

All parts of an organization

Median total compensation of the chief executive of large public corporations typically includes which forms of payment in addition to a salary? (Check all that apply.)

Bonuses Stock options Retirement benefits

In the United States, solid waste is disposed of in which ways? (Check all that apply.)

Composted Recycled Incinerated

True or false: In all parts of the world, humans are consuming water at a slower pace than it is being replenished by nature.

False

Integrated reporting provides the firm's results for which types of company performance?

Financial, social, environmental

According to a Harvard Business School study, how do the financial and stock market results of highly sustainable firms compare with others that are less sustainable?

HIgh-sustainability firms significantly outperformed others.

True or false: Managers often face an ethical dilemma over using the big data collected from stakeholders versus compromising stakeholders' individual privacy rights.

True

What are the major functions of the Securities and Exchange Commission? (Check all that apply.)

Regulation of financial fraud Information transparency Regulation of unfair stock trading

Under what grounds have some authoritarian governments justified limiting citizens' access to the Internet?

Religious grounds Political grounds Security grounds

Which U.S. law regulates hazardous materials from cradle to grave?

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

Identify the positive effects of economic development across the world. (Check all that apply.)

Rising incomes Reduction in poverty

Shareholders have requested increased proxy access by demanding what?

Shareholders demanded the right to nominate their own board candidates.

Which arguments could board members make to justify Steve Wynn's executive compensation, according to the case Corporate Governance and Executive Misconduct at Wynn Resorts? (Check all that apply.)

Shareholders had averaged a rate of return above that of the S&P 500. Wynn had built a well-known brand and had increased the value of several hotel properties.

Population growth is predicted to be the slowest for countries in which stage of economic development?

Industrialized

Sequencing of the human genome is important to humanity for which reasons? (Check all that apply.)

It provides early diagnosis of diseases. It helps advance new ways to prevent illnesses. It facilitates the development of drug-therapies.

By 2017 the percentage of Americans with a social profile was about ______.

80 percent

Identify the action that accurately describes the omnichannel approach. (Check all that apply.)

Allowing customers to check inventory from a mobile phone Employees being equipped with tablets to answer customer questions Amazon building brick-and-mortar fulfillment centers

Identify the type of pollution that fracking created that often ended up in wells and rivers, according to the case Hydraulic Fracturing—Can the Environmental Impacts Be Reduced?

Contaminated flowback water

Which individual below is the best example of a white hatter?

Google employees participating in a company hackathon

In the legal case of Elonis v. United States, what was Elonis' defending argument?

He was venting frustration

According to a 2017 Gallup survey, which demographic groups were likely to own stock? (Check all that apply.)

Income over $100,000 White investors College-educated

Ransomware is accurately defined by which statement?

It is a kind of cyberattack in which malware locks the data on a victim's computer and demands payment to decrypt the data.

Cybercrime is accurately exemplified by which scenarios? (Check all that apply.)

Stealing money from online bank accounts Distributing viruses to other computers Downloading illegal music files

What are the major global issues created by fresh water shortages throughout the world? (Check all that apply.)

Decline in local economies. Regional conflict over water rights.

The say-on-pay rules have had what effects on executive compensation? (Check all that apply.)

Executive pay has fallen in places where these rules were in effect. They provided a way for shareholders to express their views on compensation.

Some support high executive compensation because of which reasons? (Check all that apply.)

High compensation provides an incentive for innovation. High pay is a reward for outstanding performance. High salaries compensate high-quality talent.

The Earth's most biodiverse regions, the rain forests, are currently threatened by which human activities? (Check all that apply.)

Overpopulation Cattle ranching Commercial logging

The agency problem pits the interests of the firm against those of the firm's agent. In a corporation, who is the agent?

The managers in the company

An example of behavior addiction is ______.

opening your Snapchat application 18 times a day

Social investors often promote their objectives through which means? (Check all that apply.)

Stock divestment Stock purchase screening Shareholder resolutions

Businesses have taken steps to reduce their impact on climate change, such as ______. (Check all that apply.)

investing in new efficient technology improving fuel efficiency

To balance the Earth's carrying capacity with human demands, which strategies are recommended? (Check all that apply.)

Choosing less harmful products Technological innovation to produce food and energy Charging a premium for environmentally harmful goods

The term corporate governance refers to ______.

the process by which a company is controlled or governed

In an MIT study of 1.1 million shoppers' credit-card transactions, even when personal identifiers were removed, individual identities could be determined for what percentage of the study population?

90 percent

The tragedy of the commons is best illustrated by which scenario?

A group of fishermen that each strive to maximize their own catch in their shared fishing area.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is accurately described by which statement?

AI is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.

True or false: The movement for firms to generate integrated reports has lost momentum across many parts of the world.

False

Why does the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) require publicly-held corporations to disclose significant financial information? (Check all that apply.)

Future company goals are important to investors. Shareholders have the right to know about company dealings. Information disclosure safeguards shareholder interests.

The EU law passed in 2018 that required companies to promptly report personal data breaches was called ______.

General Data Protection Regulation

In the United States, the ownership of intellectual property is legally protected through which mechanisms? (Check all that apply.)

Patents Trademarks Copyrights

Stem-cell research has already accomplished which breakthroughs? (Check all that apply.)

The procedure to regrow cartilage The ability to generate new human limbs The process to regrow blood vessels

In what ways has the ratio of top executive pay compared to average workers' pay changed over time? (Check all that apply.)

The ratio decreased during periods of economic contraction. The ratio increased during periods of economic expansion.

Identify the responsibilities of a chief information officer. (Check all that apply.)

To manage digital technology, such as robotics and artificial intelligence. To contribute strategic technological advice to the firm.

E-business revenues were predicted to continue to rise significantly through 2020 and into the next decade, fueled by ______.

consumers in emerging markets

One way to guide the morality of artificial intelligence technology, according to Elon Musk, is to ______.

democratize the technology

Buying and selling goods and services electronically via the Internet is called ______.

e-business

The publication of personal DNA sequencing results could be considered unethical, because _______. (Check all that apply.)

life insurance policies could be denied. the cost of individual health insurance could increase. job opportunities could be compromised

True or false: European courts ruled in favor of Google after a Spanish attorney asked the search company to remove some of his personal information.

False

In 2018, what percentage of U.S. companies linked compensation to sustainability metrics?

24 percent

Of the total number of Superfund sites identified, how many were fully cleaned up by 2016?

380

How is the Securities and Exchange Commission funded?

Corporate listing fees

HP's life-cycle analysis revealed that most greenhouse gases were created at what point in their product lifecycles?

Once they were in the consumer's hands

Which topics do shareholders have the legal right to vote on? (Check all that apply.)

Selecting members of the board of directors Charter and bylaw changes Company mergers and acquisitions

Identify the arguments in favor of autonomous vehicles. (Check all that apply.)

Self-driving cars never get tired, frustrated, distracted, or drunk. Humans are not perfect drivers and can be slow to react to unexpected situations.

Social investment is a strategy for promoting which objectives? (Check all that apply.)

Social Governance Environmental

Privacy concerns about microchipping workers include which arguments? (Check all that apply.)

Some workers worry that the company will track their every move without consent. A number of people say the devices are unsecured and easily hackable.

A market-based cap-and-trade system is accurately described by which statements?

The cap represents the legally permitted emission level. A company can sell tradable permits for the amount they pollute under the cap.

If a cyberattack in 2016 involved a data breach, and private data was stolen, what additional legal costs would likely have been involved? (Check all that apply.)

The cost of each stolen data record The cost of regulatory fines and legal fees

Identify the primary costs of cybercrime to business. (Check all that apply.)

The cost to implement security recovery systems The cost of intrusion detection systems The cost of disruption causing loss of productivity

Sustainable development using technology cooperation is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

The transfer of environmental technologies to developing countries Long-term partnerships between firms in developed and developing nations

Describe the information phase of technology development. (Check all that apply.)

The use of knowledge skills Information stored in cyberspace Network of linked electronic systems

The executive role that oversees a firm's sustainability activities and performance is called a _____.

chief sustainability officer

The process of conducting business transactions using mobile or cell phones is termed ______.

m-commerce

By late 2011 the world population had reached about ______.

7 billion

One type of digital currency that operates outside the banking system using encryption technology is called _____.

Bitcoin

Indoor air pollution from open cookstoves causes about how many premature deaths per year, mostly from lung and heart disease, according to the case Clean Cooking?

Around 4.3 million

The largest emerging market for Internet usage, with more than 8,000 percent growth since 2000 is ______.

Africa

Procter & Gamble's (P&G) life-cycle analysis of Tide resulted in which company actions?

An impact was found at home when using hot water, and Tide Coldwater was introduced as a more environmentally friendly alternative.

Since the Industrial Revolution, climate change caused by increasing concentrations of pollutants produced by human activity has had which effect?

A rise in the average surface temperature of the Earth by about 1 degree Celsius

A firm that distinguishes their reputation based on exemplary sustainability practices is leveraging which competitive advantage?

Brand differentiation

Which countries have recently moved up to top the United States in the number of Internet users? (Check all that apply.)

India China

An ecologically sustainable organization (ESO) is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

It does not alter the carrying capacity of the Earth. It operates under the principle of sustainable development.

What does the Global Alliance for Cookstoves' goal of "100 by 20" mean, according to the case Clean Cooking?

It means that 100 million households worldwide adopt clean cookstoves by 2020.

As the presence of the Internet increases world-wide, more and more people are using which devices regularly?

Mobile telephones Laptop computers

Identify the benefits that the companies that went beyond compliance expected to realize, according to the case Hydraulic Fracturing—Can the Environmental Impacts Be Reduced?

Reduced regulatory liability and risk

Describe the semantic phase of technology development. (Check all that apply.)

Social interaction Processes to navigate cyberspace Metadata analysis

The well-known image of the Earth as seen from space—a blue-and-green globe, girdled by white clouds, floating in blackness—dramatically shows us that we share a single, unified natural system, or

ecosystem

The effort to prevent inequitable exposure to environmental risk is called _____.

environmental justice

Business collaborations that seek to improve environmental conditions are called _____.

environmental partnerships

According to the discussion case, Hydraulic Fracturing—Can the Environmental Impacts Be Reduced?, the primary purpose of fracking is to ______.

extract crude oil and gas

After serving in the position, top sustainability managers reported that their most important skill was _____.

interpersonal skills

The major threats to marine ecosystems include ______. (Check all that apply.)

ocean acidity coral reef destruction

According to the Global Footprint Network, human society is using resources faster and creating more waste at the unsustainable rate of ______.

one and a half times the capacity

A U.S. company that has not yet rejected the use of GMO products is ______.

Campbell Soup

The Supreme Court overturned Elonis' conviction using which argument?

Criminal intent cannot be based solely on social media posts.

Identify an argument that is opposed to net neutrality is.

Customers willing to pay more should have faster Internet access.

The importance of stem-cell research is best described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

It is the promise to repair failing human organs. It means the chance to rejuvenate aging cells. It is regenerative technology that revolutionized medicine.

The term proxy access is best explained by which statements?

It is the shareholders' right to nominate their own candidates for the board of directors.

The term collaborative machine is accurately described by which statement?

Machines designed specifically to work alongside people in close settings

What has been the primary disadvantage of growing genetically modified (GM) foods?

Over time, GM crops lost their resistance to insects.

A manager tells his wife about his firm's latest acquisition before the news is made public. His wife then tells her brother. Which examples accurately illustrate insider trading? (Check all that apply.)

The manager's wife buys the firm's stock and earns a large profit before the news is publicized. The wife's brother buys the firm's stock and earns a large profit before the news is publicized.

The majority of Three Square Market employees voluntarily agreed to limit their privacy and have a microchip implanted under their skin for what reason(s)? (Check all that apply.)

To easily pass through the secured entrance to the building To pay for food at the cafeteria with the swipe of a hand To jump on the bandwagon of new technology

Identify an argument that is in favor of net neutrality.

To fairly compete, small, medium and large firms should have the same Internet bandwidth.

True or false: The business model, for websites that match hackers looking for profits with those wishing to gain access to a computer system for various reasons, is based on the hacker's skills and their willingness to break the law.

True

Board members might argue against Wynn's high executive compensation because ______, according to the case Corporate Governance and Executive Misconduct at Wynn Resorts. (Check all that apply.)

a culture of sexual misconduct was allowed to continue for decades the company earned a lower total shareholder return over the most recent five-year period

An argument in support of preventing government access to private cell phones, according to the case To lock or Unlock Your Phone: Personal Privacy or National Security, is ______.

consumer privacy must be respected

Criminal activity performed by groups or individuals using computers and the Internet is called ______.

cybercrime

Businesses have gone to great lengths to build strong cyber defenses such as _____. (Check all that apply.)

developing incident-response plans for cyberattacks financial firms joining the Safe Harbor project to increase data backups

The term social networking refers to a system using technology that enables people to _____. (Check all that apply.)

explore interests connect share activities

According to McKinsey & Company how successful were companies at fighting the increased number of cyberattacks in recent years?

firms have been unsuccessful because past response plans were no longer effective.

The term watchdog board of directors is best explained by which statement?

focuses primarily on legal compliance

A typical board of directors in the United States is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

may include executives of other firms about 20 percent of members are women

Data Privacy Day led by the National Cyber Security Alliance raises awareness about how to ______. (Check all that apply.)

protect individual privacy online control one's digital footprint manage electronic parental controls

According to the say-on-pay rule of the Dodd-Frank Act, public companies must hold shareholder votes on executive compensation at least once every _____ years.

three

Sustainable development is correctly characterized by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

Ensuring a better quality of life for all, now and in the future. Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future.

The population growth rate in coming decades is expected to be greatest in which part of the world?

Africa

Command-and-control regulations include which environmental standards? (Check all that apply.)

Environmental quality standards Emission standards Best available technology

How might imposing a carbon tax on harmful products benefit the environment? (Check all that apply.)

Firms could be incentivized to switch to more efficient production methods. Individuals would probably purchase fewer harmful goods or services.

Why might an organization wish to engage in an environmental partnership? (Check all that apply.)

To improve environmental quality To draw on the unique strengths of each partner To conserve resources

Life-cycle analysis is accurately described by which statements? (Check all that apply.)

Tracking the environmental impact of a product from cradle to grave A method used to reduce a product's ecological footprint

Global population growth impacts the environment in what ways? (Check all that apply.)

The consumption of natural resources is increased. Pollution is increased.

What critical steps must be taken to advance sustainable development? (Check all that apply.)

There must be a fair and equitable distribution of benefits gained by sustainable practices. The nature of consumption must change to favor quality over quantity of goods owned. Economic development must conserve natural resources.

Since 1994, what has the EPA done to ensure that hazardous waste site locations do not discriminate against disadvantaged communities? (Check all that apply.)

They investigated if state hazardous waste sites violated civil rights laws. They blocked permits that appeared to discriminate against minorities.