MGMT 391 final

Giving students a free mug, t-shirt, or blanket just for getting their names on a mailing list at an organization is an example of the ____________ influence tactic. Research suggests individuals try to repay what has been given them.

Exchange

An ethics audit would ask all the following questions of a firm EXCEPT: a. Do you make sure to hide any examples of unethical behavior so others do not repeat the behavior? b. Do you ensure that pay is equitable for all employees? c. Do you question whether employees are seeing any examples of unethical behavior occurring in the workplace? d. Do you ensure that daily decisions are assessed for ethical compliance?

Do you make sure to hide any examples of unethical behavior so others do not repeat the behavior?

A ________ is comprised of one-third regular employees, one-third temporary employees, and one-third consultants and contractors.

"shamrock organization"

A shamrock organization a. prevents flexible staffing in an organization. b. is comprised of one-third regular employees, one-third temporary employees, and one-third offshore employees. c. is the current structure of most organizations in the United States. d. increases full-time employment rates in the overall economy.

. is comprised of one-third regular employees, one-third temporary employees, and one-third offshore employees.

Organizational culture consists of three levels:

1. Assumptions 2. Artifacts 3. Values

What are the steps in Lewin's model of planned change?

1. Unfreeze 2. Change 3. Refreeze

Studies on decision making have been carried out in all of these disciplines EXCEPT a. anthropology b. political science c. economics d. psychology

ANTHROPOLOGY

Before instituting a new health benefit program for its employees, one Big Ten University offered all its employees in the Liberal Arts and Engineering Schools an opportunity to participate in a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health and cut down on those employees using health benefits. Those liberal arts employees agreeing to participate would receive a $25 gift card to Best Buy. Those in the engineering department were not offered the gift card for signing up. The scenario described above represents which type of research study? a. A case study. b. A survey. c. An experimental field study. d. A laboratory study.

An experimental field study.

Marcus wants to thoroughly understand the issues that created the severe economic straits General Motors currently finds itself experiencing. He should consider what kind of a research study? a. A case study. b. A survey. c. A field study. d. A laboratory study.

Case study

Before instituting a new health benefit program for its employees, one Big Ten University offered all its employees in the Liberal Arts and Engineering Schools an opportunity to participate in a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health and cut down on those employees using health benefits. Those liberal arts employees agreeing to participate would receive a $25 gift card to Best Buy. Those in the engineering department were not offered the gift card for signing up. The engineering school employees, described in the scenario above, could be labeled the a. control group. b. treatment group. c. case group. d. survey group.

Control group

Maurice is enrolled in a career development class at his university. Which of the following statements best reflects important themes in the course? a. All students have common experiences and capabilities so an organization's career development activities can be standardized. b. Learn as much as you can in as many areas as you can in college because you will not learn much more throughout your worklife. c. Once individuals choose their first job and the organization in which they work, they make very few changes in either throughout the rest of their worklives; so choose carefully. d. Uniqueness in a career path is the norm, so the best prepared students are able to diagnose situations, ask tough questions, evaluate answers and act in effective and ethical manners.

D

Angelina has just accepted a new job. Her career counselor would not offer her which of the following pieces of advice if she wanted to ensure that Angelina gets "on board" in the new firm quickly? Build relationships with your manager and coworkers. Do not leave every day exactly at quitting time; get to know people in your firm. Practice impression management, particularly that of your first impression. Do not ask too many questions, as this would reveal your weaknesses. Try to build success early on in your tenure at the company. Volunteer for projects and complete them effectively. Show your value to the firm.

Do not ask too many questions, as this would reveal your weaknesses.

The study of organizational behavior analyzes the three levels of individual, organization, and society.

False individual group organization

In completing a Big 5 personality inventory, Manuel was found to have high openness to experience. He would be attracted to an organization like: Target where jobs tend to be structured in their duties and responsibilities. the IRS, which has a bureaucratic structure and authoritarian decision making processes. Google with a laid-back, innovative culture. General Motors with a tradition-bound culture experiencing serious viability issues.

Google with a laid-back, innovative culture.

Which of the following is a key level of analysis investigated in Organizational Behavior a. industry. b. individual. c. meta. d. society.

INDividual

Which of the following statements regarding power distribution research is INCORRECT? Power distribution is visible in organizations. Individuals ranked themselves higher than their coworkers did. In comparing rankings given to managers with regard to their influence, there was general agreement on the top five but no agreement on the bottom five. Research indicates the ability to rank managers by influence is a consistent practice in various industries and firms.

In comparing rankings given to managers with regard to their influence, there was general agreement on the top five but no agreement on the bottom five.

Which of the following is NOT a good piece of advice to give to individuals who have multiple bosses in a matrix structured organization? Make an effort to establish a good relationship with each manager. Keep conflicts you are experiencing to yourself. Make sure all managers are familiar with your overall workload. Do not assume that having multiple bosses is a bad thing.

Keep conflicts you are experiencing to yourself.

Research that is performed under very controlled conditions and can include observation, interviews, or experiments is called a. a case study. b. a survey. c. a field study. d. a lab study.

LAB Study

Rosario is examining a summary chart on four firms' organizational characteristics. She feels which of the organizations below is most likely to have the greatest chance to be successful in the next year? a. Organization A uses self-managed teams, pays its workers a little above the average for the industry and has regular "state of the business meetings." b. Organization B has a pay policy that matches the industry average for each job category, maintains special parking, cafeteria, and restroom facilities for its managers, and conducts performance appraisals every two years. c. Organization C has gone through regular quarterly lay-offs the last few quarters, established a policy last month where all decisions involving the expenditure of fifty dollars or more must be approved by two managers and has temporarily suspended all performance evaluations for the year. d. Organization D maintains a training program that is very selective with regard to employee involvement. They recently instituted a large-scale job flexibility program that "blurs" the lines between job duties and passed a strict pay secrecy policy last month.

Organization A uses self-managed teams, pays its workers a little above the average for the industry and has regular "state of the business meetings."

Organizational behavior draws heavily on personality and motivation studies from what other discipline? a. psychology b. physiology c. economics d. political science

PSYCHOLOGY

Stems from the personal characteristics of the person such as the degree to which we respect and want to be like them.

Referent power

Work on team processes has been carried out in what area? a. sociology b. finance c. economics d. physics

SOCIOLOGY

Nordstrom is most recognized for and has been ranked in Fortune Magazine's "100 Best Companies to Work For" because of its

Service Culture

Which of the following statements regarding the Zimbardo study is correct? The experimental guards received training before they were told to keep order. The guards became abusive and aggressive, but the prisoners exhibited little reaction. Study participants refused to adapt to their roles. The Zimbardo study was ended early due to the participant's deep entrenchment of the roles

The Zimbardo study was ended early due to the participant's deep entrenchment of the roles

Which of the following statements about case studies is true? a. They involve a study conducted under controlled conditions. b. They offer the researcher a very simple and effective way to generalize what worked in a single situation to many other situations. c. They are a technique employed by researchers to summarize what other researchers found on a topic. d. They are a way to gather data and explain an event or situation in detail.

They are a way to gather data and explain an event or situation in detail.

Current research suggests that the average employee today will change jobs 10 times in 20 years.

True

Organizational behavior matters at three critical levels because it analyzes what _______ care about, what _______ care about, and what ________ care about.

You employers organizations

An entity that takes on different values is a. a hypothesis. b. a variable. c. a survey. d. a field study.

a variable.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT with regard to trends that organizational behavior is addressing? a. The workforce is getting younger and thus their integration into most organizations will be seamless. b. Organizations will likely become "shamrock-shaped" in the future. c. The world is "flattening" so information access is increasing. d. Outsourcing is becoming a way of life in many organizations.

a. The workforce is getting younger and thus their integration into most organizations will be seamless.

Research conducted in an actual organization is a. a field study. b. a survey. c. a lab study. d. a meta-analytic study.

a. a field study.

A visual learner a. learns by retaining information from reading and seeing diagrams. b. has a preference for doing things and learning by trial and error. c. learns best based upon the circumstances of the situation. d. learns primarily by listening to others.

a. learns by retaining information from reading and seeing diagrams.

Strong cultures: facilitate the changes that must occur in firms during mergers and acquisitions. outperform weak cultures regardless of the volatility of the environment. are no more difficult to change than weak cultures. are evidenced by consensus among employees on the values of the company.

are evidenced by consensus among employees on the values of the company.

Tom Peters, management expert, suggests individuals manage themselves as if they were "the brand that is you." Such brand management might include all of the following suggestions EXCEPT a. appreciate new technology. b. avoid uncertainty. c. master something. d. network.

avoid uncertainty

Which of the following statements about surveys is INCORRECT? a. Either open-ended or close-ended questions can be used in surveys. b. Close-ended question responses are difficult to summarize. c. Surveys involve asking individuals to respond to questions. d. Many effective online survey tools are available free of charge.

b. Close-ended question responses are difficult to summarize.

A recent National Association of Colleges and Employers survey indicated all of the following are important skills for evaluating job candidates EXCEPT a. communication skills. b. demographics. c. honesty/integrity. d. strong work ethic.

b. demographics.

An auditory learner a. learns primarily by taking tests. b. learns primarily by listening to others. c. learns by reading and seeing diagrams and graphs. d. learns best by trial and error.

b. learns primarily by listening to others.

. Which of the following is accurate according to OB research? a. We all have excellent perception and readily attend to those things we should and ignore those we should not. b. We all understand and use the logical approach to decision making. c. People perform better if goals are difficult rather than easy. d. Brainstorming in a group is more effective than brainstorming alone.

c. People perform better if goals are difficult rather than easy.

Which of the following is accurate according to organizational behavior research? a. successful companies are more centralized. b. successful companies emphasize the status differences between their employees. c. successful companies have very simple and informal hiring systems. d. successful companies treat their employees well.

d. successful companies treat their employees well.

Which of the following is likely to produce an effective organization? a. A firm that controls its labor costs by limiting training opportunities to only a few employees. b. A firm that maintains two separate cafeterias for employees; one for executives and managers and one for everyone else. c. A firm where information is shared on a "need-only" basis. d. A firm that employs selective hiring practices.

d. A firm that employs selective hiring practices.

Journaling is an effective developmental technique. Which of the following is true about the process of journaling? a. Writing your thoughts down increases your stress level as you re-live the events you write about. b. Thinking about your day is as effective as writing it down. c. You must write down your thoughts a minimum of 30 minutes a day to derive any benefits from the process. d. Tracking changes in yourself can be motivating.

d. Tracking changes in yourself can be motivating.

Research indicates that all of the following characteristics produce healthy organizations EXCEPT a. role clarity. b. participative decision making. c. information sharing. d. limited feedback.

d. limited feedback.

Research indicates that effective organizations tend to a. centralize their entire decision making . b. have a very large differential in pay between the lowest paid employee and the CEO. c. hire the first person available for any job opening. d. provide as much employment security as possible to their employees

d. provide as much employment security as possible to their employees

Validity is a. an entity that can take on different values. b. the consistency in measurement. c. the strength of the relationship between two variables. d. the truth of a measurement.

d. the truth of a measurement.

The triple bottom line refers to evaluating an organization on all of the following performance criteria but a. demographic. b. economic. c. social. d. environmental.

demographic

To be effective in keeping up your skill set in the future, make sure to a. purchase and use every new technological gadget that comes out on the market. b. make as many connections as you can on Facebook, MySpace or LinkedIn. c. avoid change as much as you can. d. excel at something so it sets you apart.

excel at something so it sets you apart.

In general terms, the American workforce is growing younger.

fals e

Brainstorming in a group is more effective than brainstorming alone.

false

Financially there is little incentive to attain a higher level degree

false

Most successful CEOs believe, "A company is only as good as the innovation it creates."

false

Research shows that those organizations that are more effective limit the amount of feedback they provide employees, limit the amount of information shared, and allow roles to be ambiguous.

false

Successful organizations tend to limit the amount of information shared by maintaining a centralized structure.

false

The discipline of organizational behavior is simply common sense.

false

The federal government passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as a long-term solution to dealing with unethical behavior.

false

Michael is an auditory learner. He learns best by actually doing things and learning from trial and error.

false A kinesthetic learner

Most of management research addresses causation.

false correlations

The triple bottom line refers to evaluating organizations against the three performance criteria of social viability, economic viability, and demographic viability.

false economic viability social viability environmental viability

If I am examining how my manager's behavior influences my work group, I am looking at the organizational level of analysis in the organizational behavior discipline.

false looking at group level

Close-ended survey questions can be very time consuming to summarize and very hard to interpret.

false open ended

People resist change for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: disrupted habits. personality. feelings of certainty. fear of failure.

feelings of certainty.

The company is organized into accounting, marketing, human resource management, and production departments. This firm has a: divisional structure. functional structure. product structure. matrix structure.

functional structure.

The likelihood that findings in a given study would be found in another setting or study is a. reliability. b. validity. c. meta-analysis. d. generalizability.

generalizability.

A kinesthetic learner a. has a preference for doing things and learning by trial and error. b. retains information by reading and seeing diagrams and flow charts. c. learns primarily by listening to others. d. learns best by attending videotaped lectures.

has a preference for doing things and learning by trial and error.

During the first day of an organizational behavior class at your university, the instructor tells the students that during the term they will learn all of the following EXCEPT a. how to work effectively on team projects. b. how to make more effective decisions about their academic and social lives. c. how different organizations interact with each other. d. how to cope with the stress of finals week.

how different organizations interact with each other.

Trends in all of the following areas represent challenges for organizational behavior EXCEPT a. increasing technological innovation. b. increasing employee engagement. c. increasing access to information. d. increasing attention to sustainable business practices.

increasing employee engagement.

To facilitate his learning in a college course, a visual learner would likely a. join a study group. b. tape his professor's lectures. c. take notes during class. d. avoid scheduling classes that meet for long time periods.

take notes during class.

According to the authors of Organizational Behavior, a company's greatest asset is a. its product. b. its financial resources. c. its people. d. its location.

its people

Meta-analysis shows that the relationship between __________ and ______________ is moderately strong.

job satisfaction and job performance

A student who needs to take breaks during his study sessions and who needs to move around after reading a chapter in his textbook is likely a(n) ___________ learner. a. visual b. auditory c. kinesthetic d. emotional

kinesthetic

Research indicates that the most important determinant of ethical behavior in an organization is a. the establishment of policies prohibiting unethical behavior. b. the passage of laws requiring ethical behavior. c. manager commitment to ethical behavior. d. the establishment of rules requiring greater accountability.

manager commitment to ethical behavior.

The systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and groups act within the organizations where they work is a. clinical psychology. b. organizational behavior. c. sociology. d. economics.

organizational behavior

Manuel is studying both psychology and sociology this term. He is having a difficult time dealing with the overlap of some of the topics in the course. To help him focused on the relevant aspects of each course, he should keep in mind that a. sociology is primarily focused on the individual; psychology on society. b. psychology primarily looks at how individuals are influenced in groups; sociology looks at aspects of the individual. c. sociology focuses on mental processes and behavior of the individual in society; psychology focuses on how individuals are influenced by groups. d. psychology primarily focuses on mental process and behavior in the individual; sociology on how individuals are influenced in groups.

psychology primarily focuses on mental process and behavior in the individual; sociology on how individuals are influenced in groups.

A control group a. receives experimental manipulation. b. is an entity that can take on different values. c. receives no experimental manipulation. d. is a tentative guess on an observation that can be tested.

receives no experimental manipulation.

Auditory learners a. draw pictures to help them understand material. b. take notes during lectures to force them to pay attention. c. use charts to summarize the main points of class material. d. record lectures to refer back to them later.

record lectures to refer back to them later.

Natalia administered the test to the job candidate three different times. She is looking at the scores and sees that they are 85, 87 and 85 out of 100. She notes that the scores are fairly consistent or a. valid. b. reliable. c. strong. d. relevant.

reliable.

Datum is a. multiple observations. b. the consistency of a measure. c. the truth of a measure. d. a single observation.

single observation

Hypotheses are a. entities that take on different values. b. research tools that elicit respondents' reactions to specific questions. c. the process of writing out thoughts and emotions on a regular basis. d. tentative guesses for expected observations that can be tested.

tentative guesses for expected observations that can be tested.

Offshoring is a. asking an outside organization to perform functions that could have been performed within the organization. b. the movement of a business practice from one country to another country. c. purchasing a firm from a foreign country. d. most prevalent in the auto industry.

the movement of a business practice from one country to another country.

Meta-analysis is a. a study with a group that receives a treatment and a comparison group that receives no treatment. b. a study conducted in an actual organization. c. the process of summarizing research findings from studies on related topics. d. an in-depth analysis of a single industry or company.

the process of summarizing research findings from studies on related topics.

Psychology is a. the scientific study of mental processes and behaviors of the individual. b. the systematic study of individual behavior in society. c. the systematic study of the processes by which groups of people make decisions. d. the systematic study of how to improve the performance and well being of individuals in the workplace.

the scientific study of mental processes and behaviors of the individual.

Sociology is a. the systematic study of group and team processes. b. the systematic study of the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. c. the systematic study of the processes by which groups of people make decisions. d. the systematic study of the processes in the organization and workplace that improve the performance and well being of people.

the systematic study of group and team processes.

Before instituting a new health benefit program for its employees, one Big Ten University offered all its employees in the Liberal Arts and Engineering Schools an opportunity to participate in a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health and cut down on those employees using health benefits. Those liberal arts employees agreeing to participate would receive a $25 gift card to Best Buy. Those in the engineering department were not offered the gift card for signing up. . In the scenario described above, the liberal arts school employees are a. the treatment group. b. the control group. c. the survey group. d. the case group.

the treatment group

In analyzing the data, the researcher notes that as employee absences increase, scores on performance evaluations decrease. This suggests a. there is a correlation between employee absenteeism and employee performance. b. employee absence causes poor performance. c. employee absence is a reliable measure. d. employee performance is a valid measure.

there is a correlation between employee absenteeism and employee performance.

A kinesthetic learner is very likely to avoid taking once a week classes as they require too much sitting and listening time.

true

Access to information has led to an increase in innovation and a "flattening of the world."

true

Because of information overload, some organizations, like Intel, have introduced "No e-mail Fridays" as a way to address the issue.

true

Case studies suffer from questions as to whether the results of one organization are generalizable to other situations and organizations.

true

Employee engagement has a significant impact on the corporate bottom line.

true

Glen is interested in finding out how effective a new incentive program might be in an organization. He chooses two departments to focus upon in a company. One department works under the incentive program, one does not. This is an experimental design study.

true

In general, the more training you have, the more financial success you will achieve.

true

Journaling is a technique that helps you chart your progress as you learn new skills.

true

Moore's Law suggests that computing power doubles every two years.

true

Offshoring and the development of a shamrock organization structure challenges organizational behavior to manage teams made up of employees of different nationalities separated by culture, language, time and space.

true

One of the major challenges facing organizations today is how to reconcile the accountability publicly owned firms have in generating wealth for shareholders while attending to the triple bottom line.

true

Organizational behavior is the systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and groups act within the organizations where they work.

true

Organizational behavior provides organizations the tools to address the technological, societal, and cultural issues arising today to create an environment that is mutually beneficial to the firm and its employees.

true

Outsourcing is becoming an increasingly common practice in many organizations.

true

Reliability refers to consistency of measurement, while validity assesses whether the measurement does, indeed, measure what it is supposed to measure.

true

The Millennial Generation has technology embedded in their lives so organizational behavior has the challenge of managing people of different generations who have different values with regard to teamwork, rewards, and work-life balance.

true

The unemployment rate decreases as the level of education attained increases

true

Those firms that are categorized as successful tend to provide employment security, train employees, and reduce status differences.

true