MGMT Chapter 7

Freedom Work Group Encouragement Supervisory Encouragement Organizational Encouragement Challenging Work LACK of Organizational Impediments

Creative Work Environments

Technological discontinuity

The phases of a technology cycle within an innovation stream begins with:

Creative work environments

____ are defined as workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged

Technology

____ is defined as the knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs.

Discontinuous change

____ is the phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition.

Technological substitution

____ occurs when customers purchase new technologies to replace older technologies.

Cycle

a technology ____ begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limits and dies as it is replaced by a newer, substantially better technology.

it solves a practical problem

a technology can become a dominant design if:

Change forces

according to social psychologist Kurt Lewin, _____ leads to differences in the form, quality, or condition or an organization over time.

Organizational development _____.

emphasizes employee participation in diagnosing, solving, and evaluating problems

Design competition

in ____, the old technology and several different new technologies fight to establish a new technological standard or dominant design.

Compression

it is appropriate to use a ____ approach to manage innovation in more certain environments, in which the goals are lower costs and incremental improvements in the performance and function of an existing technological design.

S-curve

nearly all technology cycles follow the typical _____ pattern of innovation.

Innovation

organizational ____ is the successful implementation of creative ideas in organizations.

Innovation Streams

over the long run, the best way for a company to sustain competitive advantage is to create ____ year after year.

Compression

the ____ approach to managing innovation assumes that innovation is a predictable process made up of a series of steps and that reducing the time it takes to complete those steps can speed up innovation.

Experential

the _____ approach to innovation assumes that innovation is occurring within a highly uncertain environment.

Planning

the first step in the compression approach to innovation is ____.

unfreezing, change intervention, and refreezing

the three steps in the basic process of managing organizational change outlined by Kurt Lewin are ____.

Design competition and Technological Substitution

what are the characteristics of discontinuous change?

Organizational decline

when companies don't anticipate, recognize, neutralize, or adapt to the internal or external pressures that threaten survival, it results in ____.

Incremental change

when the first cell phone was released, only a few people could afford to buy it. Over the years, mobile manufacturers improved the phone designs and features and also reduced their cost to make them more affordable. This signaled the shift to ______ stage of the technology cycle.

Design lockout

which of the following is NOT a part of the experiential approach to innovation?

Organizational impediments

which of the following is NOT one of the components of creative work environments?

Managers wrongly assume that they can easily correct the problems, so they don't feel the situation is urgent.

which of the following is a characteristic of the inaction stage of organizational decline?

it is caused by misunderstanding and distrust.

which of the following statements about resistance to change is true?