MGT 103 final

Which of the following statements is true in the context of decision making under a condition of uncertainty?

A decision maker greatly relies on intuition, judgment, and experience.

Which of the following is an example of a good leader in the context of business?

A person who can influence others

_____, used to determine individual performance, can be challenging for a manager to impart in an employee.

Ability

_____ is defined as intentionally seeking and hiring qualified or qualifiable employees from racial, sexual, and ethnic groups that are underrepresented in an organization.

Affirmative action

Which of the following is an example of a direct form of discrimination?

An organization refusing to promote employees belonging to an ethnic minority into management

_____ is power that has been legitimized by the organization.

Authority

Pete, a manager, embraces the job characteristics approach. Pete thinks that when his employees have more control over how their work is performed, they do better. Which characteristic is Pete emphasizing?

Autonomy

By recognizing the _____ aspect of decision making, the administrative model better reflects subjective considerations.

Behavioral

In decision making, a condition of _____ exists when a decision maker knows what the alternatives are and what conditions are associated with each alternative.

Certainty

Kelly, a manager, studied the performances of the various business units of her organization. After making an assessment, Maria came to the conclusion that the overall costs of the organization can be reduced by integrating the functions of two of the business units. This scenario illustrates Kelly's _____ skills.

Conceptual

_____ skills refer to the abilities of managers to think in the abstract.

Conceptual

Which of the following perspectives on motivation concerns "what" motivates people rather than "how" they are motivated?

Content

The management at Loft Corp. has introduced new employment policies. The mangers are now tracking and monitoring the implementation of the new policies. Which of the following management functions is illustrated in the scenario?

Controlling

At Delta Corp. the manufacturing and design department frequently consults with the research and development department and the marketing and sales department regularly interacts with the manufacturing and design department. This scenario illustrates _____ at Delta.

Coordination

Which of the following actions represents an attempt to manage social responsibility through ethical compliance?

Creating a committee to review policies concerning selection of new hires and promotion of employees

_____ is the process by which a manager assigns a portion of his or her total workload to others.

Delegation

_____ is the process of grouping jobs according to some logical arrangement.

Departmentalization

Alex, one of the proprietors of Atlas Corp. is worried. The stock market was not doing well, unemployment was 10 percent, inflation was on the rise again, and government debt was still increasing. These concerns of Alex are related to the _____ dimension of the general environment of Atlas Corp.

Economic

Inflation, the cost of living, and money supplies are all external forces for change in the _____ dimension.

Economic

Job _____ was developed as a limited approach specifically intended to increase the total number of tasks workers perform. As a result, all workers perform a wide variety of tasks, which presumably reduces the level of job dissatisfaction.

Enlargement

Which of the following accurately describes the responsibility of a corporate board of directors?

Ensuring the firm is run to best serve the stockholders' interests

Which of the following motivational theories is based on the idea that employees compare the treatment they receive relative to others' treatment in order to determine if they are being treated fairly?

Equity theory

Martha is given a new office and a new job title as recognition for her accomplishment over her years of service to the organization. She is satisfied with the recognition and respect from her colleagues. This portrays that the organization is addressing her _____ needs.

Esteem

When organizations relate to their environments in ways that involve ethical dilemmas and decisions, these situations are said to fall within the context of the organization's _____ responsibility.

Ethical

_____ is a commitment to finding and using the best theory and data available at the time to make a decision.

Evidence-based management

Alpha Motors Inc. was affected by the recession in 2008. The company had to make extensive changes to its organizational structure and design. This scenario illustrates how _____ forces lead management to make changes.

External

In the context of SWOT analysis, which of the following would be considered as an organization's strength?

Favorable government policies

_____ include robotic work units or workstations, assembly lines, and robotic carts or some other form of computer-controlled transport system to move material as needed from one part of the system to another.

Flexible manufacturing systems

The set of broad dimensions and forces in an organization's surroundings that determines its overall context is called the _____ environment.

General

Managers sometimes decide to do something because it feels right or they have a hunch. This is an example of using _____ in decision making.

Intuition

Which of the following statements is true about the decision-making process?

It requires that the nature of a particular situation be defined.

_____ can be defined as a set of activities directed at an organization's resources, with the aim of achieving organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner.

Management

Which of the following is most closely associated with an overall cost leadership strategy?

Manufacturing products in bulk

Decisions made by top managers involving strategy, such as signing mergers or making acquisitions, are examples of _____ decisions.

Nonprogrammed

Which of the following draws from psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, and medicine?

Organizational behavior

Alpha Inc. is a large shoe manufacturer that caters to a large customer base. In addition to the high volume of shoes it manufactures, the company sells simple-designed sneakers for low prices. Many customers buy Alpha shoes because they are durable and inexpensive. Which of the following strategies is illustrated in the scenario?

Overall cost leadership strategy

Which of the following is a Theory Y assumption?

People do not naturally dislike work.

_____ is change that is designed and implemented in an orderly and timely fashion in anticipation of future events

Planned change

_____ layouts are used in operations settings that create or process a variety of products.

Process

Relish Inc. is a large corporation in the food industry that manufactures canned foods, confectionery, and baked foods. The organization has a separate department for each of these types of food manufactured. Each department integrates all the activities required to manage its respective line of food. Which of the following types of departmentalization is illustrated in the scenario?

Product

_____ compares each employee with a fixed standard rather than comparison with other employees.

Ranking

Degan Systems was caught by surprise when new government regulations forced them to stop one of their assembly lines until certain systems were upgrades. Degan now needed to update the line and also find a way to retain both customers and employees during the transition. Degan is going through _____ change.

Reactive

_____ is the process of attracting qualified persons to apply for jobs that are open.

Recruiting

When leaders decide to either give salary increases to their employees or withhold any salary increases, which of the following types of power do they exercise?

Reward

In job _____, the jobs do not change, but instead workers move from job to job

Rotation

When the prices of oil came down, the demand for sport utility vehicles (SUVs) increased. Automakers chose to increase production of full-size SUVs as the profit from large vehicles is greater than that from small vehicles. Which step in the rational decision-making model is illustrated in the scenario?

Selecting the best alternative and implementing it

Beta LLC has decided to change its hiring criteria so that more people with technical expertise can join the company. Which step of the change process is illustrated in the scenario?

Selection of appropriate change technique

The _____ view of organizational design assumes that the optimal design for an organization depends on a set of relevant factors, including technology, environment, size, and organizational life cycle.

Situational

in what common form of executive compensation are senior managers able to buy shares in the company at a predetermined fixed price?

Stock option plan

Two or more companies that work together in joint ventures or other partnerships are called what?

Strategic partners

_____ is the process of managing operations control, resource acquisition and purchasing, and inventory to improve overall efficiency and effectiveness.

Supply-chain management

Following the accidental release of a batch of phones that failed screening control, a manufacturer of mobile phones decides to replace all such phones at no cost to the user—even taking care of shipping and delivery. Which step in the control process does this example represent?

Taking corrective action

A business manufactures top-of-the-line cabinets. The _____ dimension of its general environment includes computer-assisted design software that helps to convert wood and people's idea into lovely, functional cabinets.

Technological

_____ encompasses the conversion processes used to transform inputs (such as materials or information) into outputs (such as products or services).

Technology

_____ are hired for short periods of time and provide greater flexibility, earn lower wages, and often do not participate in benefits programs.

Temporary workers

What reason do researchers give for their findings that there are more communication problems in tall organizations than flat organizations?

The increased number of people through whom information must pass

Which of the following is an accurate difference between the task environment and the general environment?

The task environment provides useful information more readily than the general environment.

Which of the following statements is true about tactical goals?

Their focus is on how to operationalize actions necessary to achieve strategic goals.

Which of the following statements is true about strategic goals?

They focus on broad and general issues.

Which of the following statements about first-line managers is true?

They typically spend a large proportion of their time supervising the work of their subordinates.

Which of the following is a concern of the technological dimension of an organization's general environment?

Tools, methods, and technology

What are the three steps in the Lewin model?

Unfreezing, implementing, refreezing

according to the two-factor theory, which of the following is a hygiene factor that influences an employee's satisfaction or dissatisfaction?

Working conditions

Employment requirements such as test scores and other qualifications are legally defined as having a(n) _____ on minorities and women when such individuals meet or pass the requirement at a rate less than 80 percent of the rate of majority group members.

adverse impact

Tim is the production manager at a steel factory. One of the steel processing machines in the factory has broken down and has to be replaced. Tim decides to buy a new machine from a company that he has read reviews of in industry magazines, even though there are other companies offering a discount on machines with better functionality. This is an example of how managers are constrained by _____.

bounded rationality

Substantive modification to some part of an organization is known as organization

change.

Punishment involves the use of _____ power.

coercive

In _____ technology, raw materials are transformed to a finished product by a series of machine transformations in such a way that the composition of the materials themselves is changed.

continuous-process

Ryan, the production manager at the Tan Shoes Company, chose the cheapest leather-cutting machine from a set of five machines from different manufacturers. Ryan was engaged in

decision making.

During the introduction phase of the product life cycle

demand may be very high

Sara is an efficient supervisor at a restaurant, which is part of a large national chain. She was recently sent to a two-week educational course by her employer to help her get the skills she needs for promotion to a higher management post. The human resource management concept illustrated in the scenario is

development.

Alba Motorbikes is known for its heavyweight motorcycles. The company places emphasis on the quality of the bikes and after-sale service. The brand also enjoys customer loyalty. This scenario described Alba Motorbikes'

distinctive competence.

Windmere allows its administrative employees to arrive any time between 7:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m., and to leave any time between 4:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m., as long as they work an eight-hour day. This arrangement is known as

flextime

According to the job characteristics approach, increasing the presence of the five dimensions it identifies will lead to all of the following EXCEPT

higher turnover. (five demensions including: skill variety, task variety, task significance, autonomy, and feedback)

Scientific management focuses on

improving the performance of individual workers.

At Omega Inc., a fixed amount of money is added to the salaries of employees if their performance exceeds a predetermined level of expectation. A smaller portion of the amount is added if the employees' performances just meet the expected level. Omega is most likely to be motivating their employees with

incentives

The _____ lists the duties of a job, the job's working conditions, and the tools, materials, and equipment used to perform it.

job description

Organizations that use the bureaucratic control are characterized by:

limited employee participation.

Madeline runs a lawn cutting service. She anticipates some increased expenses in her personal life in the next six months, and wants to earn more money to pay for them. Therefore, she has decided to take on additional clients and work more hours. Madeline's motivation is due to

need or deficiency.

The term span of management refers to the

number of people reporting to a particular manager.

Determining how a company's activities and resources are to be grouped is called

organizing.

In expectancy theory, raises, promotions, stress and resentment are all _____ of an individual's behaviors.

outcomes

Jaime works at Minlog Inc. He has a slight cold and would like to stay home, but he is out of sick days and does not want to lose any vacation days, so he goes into work anyway. Jaime's behavior is strengthened through

positive reinforcement.

An example of a force for change in the task environment of an organization is

pricing strategies of competitors.

The first step in rational decision making is

recognizing and defining the decision situation.

According to the Lewin model of organization change process, refreezing involves

reinforcing the change so that it becomes a part of the system.

A(n) _____ lists each important managerial position in an organization, who occupies it, how long he or she will probably remain in the position, and who is or will be a qualified fill-in.

replacement chart

Venus Electronics has been negotiating with the owner of a new piece of property to move some of its operations. When the property owner submitted his most recent counter offer, he said that it was a final offer. The negotiator from Venus needs to decide whether to accept or reject this offer. If it is a bluff, Venus may get the property at a better price. If it is not a bluff, Venus will need to resume its search for a new site. The negotiator is making this decision in a condition of

risk

Strategy formulation is the

set of processes for determining the strategies that will be used by an organization.

Operational goals are concerned with

shorter-term issues associated with the tactical goals

A(n) _____ is usually computerized and contains information on each employee's education, work experience, and career aspirations.

skills inventory

A difference between tactical and strategic plans is that

tactical plans have a more concrete focus

ProDairy Inc. reduced the prices of its products to combat competitors that were selling dairy products at lower prices. This scenario illustrates a force for change present in the _____ of an organization.

task environment

The classical decision model is a prescriptive approach, meaning that it

tells managers how they should make decisions

In general, while identifying alternatives, the more important the decision,

the more alternatives should be generated

The Delphi group technique is a group decision-making technique in which:

the opinions of group member are combined and averaged.

A management process is considered to be effective when:

the right decisions are made and implemented.