MGT 305: Module Four
The extent to which an individual is concerned about establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations, being liked, and having the people around him or her get along with each other defines the need for ______.
Affiliation
______ is a human needs theory postulating that people have three basic sets of needs that can operate simultaneously.
Alderfer's ERG theory
Treating all organizational members fairly, justly, and without bias is known as treating them with ______.
Equity
Which motivation theory focuses on how people perceive the relationship between the outcomes they receive from their jobs and the inputs they contribute?
Equity
Which theory of motivation concentrates on people's perceptions of the fairness of the work outcomes relative to their work inputs?
Equity
______ theory is a theory of motivation that concentrates on people's perception of the fairness of their work outcomes relative to their inputs.
Equity
A person's perception about the extent to which effort results in a certain level of performance is referred to as ______.
Expectancy
The belief that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome defines the ______ theory.
Expectancy
______ is a perception about the extent to which effort results in a certain level of performance.
Expectancy
When individuals perform a behavior to acquire material or social rewards or to avoid punishment, they are ______ motivaated.
Extrinsically
When employees are not treated fairly, there is:
Inequity
A(n) ______ is anything a person contributes to the job or organization.
Input
What are examples of inputs?
Knowledge, effort, education, time
The theory of motivation that views human needs into hierarchy of five major needs or levels is known as:
Maslow's hierarchy
The psychological forces that determine the direction of a person's behavior, the person's level of effort, and the person's level of persistence are known as:
Motivation
According to Herzberg, people have two sets of needs: ______ needs and ______ needs.
Motivator; hygiene
A requirement for survival and well-being is a satisfied ______.
Need
According to Maslow, once a need is satisfied, it:
No longer motivates
A(n) ______ is anything a person gets from a job or organization.
Outcome
Need theories of motivation focus on what needs people are trying to satisfy at work and what ______ will satisfy those needs.
Outcomes
The inequity that exists when a person perceives that his or her own outcome-input ratio is greater than the ratio of a referent is ______ inequity.
Overpayment
Marie consistently tries to exert her control over coworkers. Marie has a high need for which of the three needs identified by McClelland?
Power
Behavior that is performed to help other people is ______ motivated behavior.
Prosocial
The inequity that exists when a person perceives that his or her own outcome-input ratio is less that the ratio of a referent is ______ inequity.
Underpayment
Sarah believes that her outcome-input ratio is lower than that of Sam. Sarah is experiencing ______.
Underpayment inequity
Jim works a day job but is also trying to launch a business in his free time. His current job offers outcomes such as a flexible schedule and health benefits. According to expectancy theory, because Jim is still working at his day job and has not quit to focus on his own business, it is likely that these outcomes have high:
Valence
Jon is motivated to do his job simply because he really enjoys his work. This is an example of ______ motivation.
intrinsic
According to expectancy theory, a key reason why employees are motivated to perform at a high level is:
they believe that high performance will lead to desired outcomes