MGT 321 Quiz 5 (Exam 2)

The theory of motivation that states that motivation is a function of five basic needs that are met sequentially is: herzberg's motivator-hygiene. extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. acquired needs. maslow's need hierarchy. theory X and Theory Y.

maslow's need hierarchy

Our self-efficacy is an example of a factor that influences: our valences. our outcomes. our perceptions of instrumentality. our expectancies. our values.

our expectancies

As the mother of two small children, Jen struggles to make ends meet on her minimum-wage job. After paying rent and child care expenses, there is sometimes not enough money left at the end of the month to pay the heating bill. More than once the family has gone without warmth on cold nights, and she and kids have gone to bed hungry. Which of the five basic needs is Jen struggling to meet? Esteem Physiological Love Self-actualization Safety

physiological

I will perceive negative inequity when: another's total rewards are greater than rewards I receive. another's ratio of outputs to inputs is equal to my ratio of my outputs to my inputs. another's total input is less than my total input. another's ratio of outputs to inputs exceeds my ratio of my outputs to my inputs. another's ratio of outputs to inputs is less than my ratio of my outputs to my inputs.

another's ratio of outputs to inputs exceeds my ratio of my outputs to inputs

The need for prestige and reputation is part of the need for: esteem. safety. physiological. self-actualization. love.

esteem

The need for self-confidence and strength is part of the need for: esteem. self-actualization. love. safety. physiological.

esteem

Ken recently completed his MBA degree. He has received two job offers. Which of the following theories is most useful in predicting the choice that Ken will make? Behavior modification theory Goal setting theory Equity theory Expectancy theory Cognitive dissonance theory

expectancy theory

__________ holds that people are motivated to behave in ways that produce desired combinations of expected outcomes. Goal-setting theory Expectation theory Self-fulfilling prophecy theory Equity theory Expectancy theory

expectancy theory

Expectancy theory contains three elements; they are: expectancy, instrumentality, values. expectancy, institution, values. expectancy, instrumentality, valence. expectancy, instrumentality, variance. expectancy, institution, variance.

expectancy, instrumentality, valence

According to expectancy theory, a person's motivation will be highest when: expectancy is high, but instrumentality is low. expectancy, instrumentality, valence are all high. instrumentality is high, but valence is low. expectancy, instrumentality, valence are all moderate. valence is high, but expectancy is low.

expectancy, instrumentality, valence are all high

To enhance a worker's expectancy, a manager could: set specific, measurable goals. give feedback and coach the employee. link rewards to desired outcomes. get to know what rewards his/her employees value. explain to the worker why he/she should trust the organization.

give feedback and coach the employee

Which of the following statements about goals and goal setting is not true? Specific goals lead to higher performance Goal achievement leads to job satisfaction Goals should be set at a level just beyond reachable ("stretch" goals) Goals increase persistence Goals direct attention

goals should be set at a level just beyond reachable

Pat and Chris are both computer programmers, but Pat earns more money than Chris. However, Chris perceives an equitable relationship because Pat: works less than Chris. takes longer breaks. has more education and experience. works as hard as Chris. needs the money more than Chris.

has more education and experience

Ted was dissatisfied with his job. He said that the company policy, supervision, and working conditions were responsible for his dissatisfaction. According to Frederick Herzberg's theory, these extrinsic factors that create job dissatisfaction are called: affiliation factors. hygiene factors. wellness factors. motivators. achievement factors.

hygiene factors

How an individual perceives the movement from performance to outcome is called: a value. a valence. an expectancy. an expectation. instrumentality.

instrumentality

The perceived fairness of the processes used to make allocation decisions is called: institutional justice. procedural justice. interpersonal justice. distributive justice. interactional justice.

procedural justice

Which of the following is not an example of a hygiene factor? Recognition Company policies Supervision Working conditions Salary

recognition

Which of the following is not a motivating factor? Responsibility Recognition Salary Advancement Stimulating work

salary

In Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, Satisfaction comes from motivating factors, and dissatisfaction comes from hygiene factors. Job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction are opposites. Satisfaction comes from hygiene factors, and dissatisfaction comes from motivating factors. Hygiene factors come from the job itself. Motivators come from the work context.

satisfaction comes from motivating factors, and dissatisfaction comes from hygiene factors

A low instrumentality means that: the person is not motivated. the person is highly motivated. the person does not feel confident in his/her ability to do the job. the person does not believe putting forth effort will result in gaining a reward. the person does not value the outcomes.

the person does not believe putting forth effort will result in gaining a reward

An expectancy of zero means that: the person does not value the outcomes. the person is highly motivated. the person does not trust the company. the person is not motivated. the person does not feel confident in his/her ability to do the job.

the person does not feel confident in his/her ability to do the job

A low valence means that: the person is not motivated. the person is highly motivated. the person does not feel confident in his/her ability to do the job. the person does not trust the company. the person does not value the outcomes.

the person does not value the outcomes

Perceptions of equity are based on comparing: my total output to another's total input. my total input to another's total output. my total output to another's total output. the ratio of my output to my input, compared to another's total output to input. my total input to another's total input.

the ratio of my output to my input, compared to another's total output to input

The theory of motivation that focuses on two sharply contrasting sets of assumptions about human nature is: herzberg's motivator-hygiene. extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. theory X and Theory Y. acquired needs. maslow's need hierarchy.

theory x and theory y

________ is a positive set of assumptions about people at work. Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory Acquired needs theory Theory X Self-determination theory Theory Y

theory y

Chuck is concerned with what he considers to be an unfair situation at work. Although he put in 10 hours of overtime last week, he received the same pay as a co-worker who didn't put in any overtime. This week he decided to take an extra hour for lunch every day. Using the terminology of equity theory, Chuck has decided to ____. increase his inputs decrease his outcomes increase his outcomes increase his efficiency decrease his inputs

decrease his inputs

Motivation refers to the psychological processes that underlie: extrinsic and intrinsic factors. power, achievement, and affiliation. content and process. satisfaction and dissatisfaction. direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior or thought.

direction, intensity and persistence of behavior or thought

Professor Jones learns that faculty members in another college with the same degree, years of teaching experience, and publication record are making significantly more money than he is. He considers this unfair. Which aspect of justice is he reacting to? Organizational Interactional Institutional Distributive Procedural

distributive

The model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness and justice is: maslow's needs hierarchy theory. value theory. procedural theory. expectancy theory. equity theory.

equity theory