MGT 340 Final (cumulative, exams 1 - 4 in order)
________ is a process that involves an individual comparing perceptions of his or her of performance with those of managers, subordinates, and peers. Performance monitoring Performance appraisal Goal monitoring 360-degree feedback Self-assessment
360-degree feedback
Bill, who has an internal locus of control, failed his last history test. Which of the following is he likely to say? The test was poorly constructed. I'm going to complain to the dean of the college. I'll never pass this course. Professor Smith didn't prepare us for this test. I didn't study hard enough for this test.
I didn't study hard enough for this test.
Which of the following statements about organizational socialization is false? Socialization begins before an employee actually joins an organization. The entire socialization process may range from a few weeks to a year to complete. Socialization can take longer for one person than another, depending on individual differences. Research shows that realistic job previews do not help reduce turnover. There is no set way to "onboard" new employees.
Research shows that realistic job previews do not help reduce turnover.
Wanda sees a woman struggling with a small child and two bags of groceries. She stops and offers to carry the grocery bags to the woman's car. This is ______ behavior. reclusive prosocial resilient calculated deviant
prosocial
Which of the following is not a key principle of conscious capitalism? leadership that does not use "carrots and sticks" pursuit of a higher purpose a culture focused on a higher purpose stakeholder interdependence shareholder centrism
shareholder centrism
Which of the following is not an unethical tactic to use in negotiations? showing emotions nondisclosure strengthening one's own position weakening the opponent puffery
showing emotions
Able, Baker, and Charlie, Ltd., is an accounting partnership. The Internal Revenue Service has implemented new procedures for filing taxes beginning next year. What kind of change does this represent? market changes social and political pressures managerial behavior technological advancements demographic characteristics
social and political pressures
Religuard is a pharmaceutical company that has factories in Taiwan. Due to environmental regulations in the country becoming stricter, Religuard has had to shut operations at three of its five manufacturing units. Which of the following forces of change had a role to play in the shutting down of these units? market changes social and political pressures managerial behavior technological advancements demographic characteristics
social and political pressures
Part professional association, social club, and networking group, the Brighton Beach Drummers Association meets at a variety of musical venues in New York. Members share a love of music and drums, but also discuss common experiences at work. This is an example of human capital. coaching. social capital. mentoring. sponsorship.
social capital.
At ABS Inc., the market research group is now operating on flextime. Initially, ABS allowed the sales group to do so. This is an example of adaptive change. True or false?
true
CSEs are related to reduced conflict and lower stress. True or false?
true
Coalition building is getting others to support your efforts to persuade someone to do something. True or false?
true
Typically, managers overemphasize performance goals and underemphasize learning goals. True or false?
true
______ is a circular and dynamic process in which people interpret and make sense of the information they exchange. Communication Presentation Listening Feedback Messaging
Communication
_________ involves leader behavior associated with creating mutual respect or trust and focuses on a concern for group members' needs and desires. Empowerment Transformational leadership Servant leadership Consideration Laissez-faire leadership
Consideration
__________ is most likely to build commitment, as opposed to compliance or resistance. Pressure Coalition building Legitimizing Consultation Ingratiation
Consultation
Marvin is a medical technician who administers stress tests. He has a low tolerance for ambiguity and is oriented toward task and technical concerns when making decisions. The ________ style is well suited for this position. analytical conceptual directive behavioral consultative
directive
Meryl wants to buy a used car, and she can spend $4,000. She meets up with Sandy who wants $4,750 for her 2008 Toyota. Meryl can't go any higher. This is an example of _________ negotiation. distributive integrative compromise added-value alternative
distributive
Which of the following is not considered a contingency factor in House's path-goal theory? employee's need for clarity employee's need for achievement task structure work group dynamics leader acceptance
leader acceptance
Which of the following mechanisms for changing organizational culture addresses only the level of basic underlying assumptions of culture? leader reactions to critical incidents and organizational crises rites and rituals formal statements design of physical space slogans and language
leader reactions to critical incidents and organizational crises
In Fiedler's model, ________ refers to the extent that a leader has the support, loyalty, and trust of the work group. leader-member relations LMX laissez-faire relationship-motivation consideration
leader-member relations
In which of the following situations would a leader's situational control be considered low? leader-member relations good; task structure low; position power weak leader-member relations good; task structure high; position power weak leader-member relations poor; task structure high; position power strong leader-member relations poor; task structure low; position power strong leader-member relations poor; task structure low; position power weak
leader-member relations poor; task structure low; position power weak
Drake is running for Congress during a time of conflict. He has a strong, craggy, dominant look—similar to Clint Eastwood. His campaign manager says that this gives him an advantage over his opponent. This reflects a cognitive map. leadership prototype. path-goal schema. situational construct. follower construct.
leadership prototype.
Fiedler's model uses the _________ scale to measure a person's leadership style. least preferred coworker least preferred boss conscientiousness extraversion contingency
least preferred coworker
Dewey, a manager at the Busy Bee Restaurant, gives Alice her schedule for the next week. Alice knows she must follow that schedule. What kind of power is Dewey exercising? reward coercion referent legitimate expert
legitimate
Using _________ basing a request on explicit or implied support from superiors. ingratiation consultation exchange coalition tactics legitimating tactics
legitimating tactics
Which of the following is a "hard" influence tactic? consultation legitimating tactics ingratiation personal appeals rational persuasion
legitimating tactics
Multitaskers end up switching tasks hundreds of times a day. This makes them ______ in their work environment. more efficient more intelligent good problem solvers less efficient more responsible
less efficient
Wayne is on the production line for Medical Services Inc. He has been there for five years and has won Employee of the Month more than anyone else. Zander, his coworker, who has only been at Medical Services three years and hasn't even been nominated for Employee of the Month, just received a promotion. Wayne perceives a negative expectancy. negative output. positive inequity. positive output. negative inequity.
negative inequity.
Individuals who are conceptual in decision-making style risk being autocratic and focusing on the short term. sometimes overanalyze situations. rely on intuition and discussions with others to acquire information. adopt a short-term perspective. have a tendency to avoid conflict.
rely on intuition and discussions with others to acquire information.
Javier asked Maria for general advice on homework. Then he asked her to let him see specific problems. Now he wants to copy her assignment, claiming he has no time and the content is too difficult. This is an example of: the slippery slope. ill-conceived goals. motivated blindness. indirect blindness. overvaluing outcomes.
the slippery slope.
All communication involves a sender, message, and receiver. True or false?
true
Different types of organizational cultures represent opposing core values. True or false?
true
Every management function and activity involves some form of direct or indirect communication. True or false?
true
Functional conflict is also known as constructive or cooperative conflict. True or false?
true
In a true team, leadership must be shared. True or false?
true
Leader behavior is more important than leader traits when it comes to effectiveness. True or false?
true
Managers who obtain compliance primarily because of their formal authority to make decisions have legitimate power. True or false?
true
Programmed conflict is conflict that raises different opinions regardless of the personal feelings of the managers.
true
Rational persuasion, consultation, collaboration, and inspirational appeals are most effective at building commitment. True or false?
true
Recent research has shown that employees' use of social media is related to increased job satisfaction, performance, and retention. True or false?
true
Teams are a cornerstone of work life in today's organizations. True or false?
true
The identity of WelcomeMat employees is focused on the belief that employee satisfaction and customer loyalty are more important than corporate profits. In this case, the organizational culture provides employees with an organizational identity. True or false?
true
_________ are levers for changing organizational culture, addressing all three levels of culture. Design of physical space, work environments, and buildings Workflow and organizational structure Organizational activities, processes, or outcomes Deliberate role modeling, training, and coaching Formal statements
Deliberate role modeling, training, and coaching
______ is one advantage of having a face-to-face conversation. Immediate feedback Speed of communication Additional noise A written record Creating an impersonal, formal mood
Immediate feedback
The rational model of decision making explains how managers should make decisions. It assumes that managers are completely objective and possess all information for their decisions. In this model, decisions thus demonstrate excellent logic and promote the organization's best interests. True or false?
true
When major league baseball officials failed to notice they had created conditions that encouraged players to use steroids, this was an example of "motivated blindness." True or false?
true
When the demands or pressures from work and family domains are mutually incompatible, work-family conflict has occurred. True or false?
true
Which of the following statements about leadership effectiveness is false? You do not need to have a formal position of authority to be a leader. Researchers have estimated that 50 percent of all managers around the world are incompetent or ineffective. Leadership effectiveness is partly a function of situational factors. Demographic characteristics such as gender have no effect on leadership behaviors. Individual differences significantly impact leadership effectiveness.
Demographic characteristics such as gender have no effect on leadership behaviors.
_______ is the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions. Proactivity Emotional stability Emotional intelligence Core self-evaluation Self-efficacy
Emotional intelligence
________ is the harnessing of organization members' selves to their work roles. Employee involvement Employee engagement Organization commitment Job satisfaction Organizational citizenship behavior
Employee engagement
Maria focuses on community volunteerism, while Anna focuses on getting a promotion at work. _____ are represented by Maria's and Anna's focuses. Personal attitudes Workplace attitudes Endpoints of one of the dimensions of values Cognitions Behaviors
Endpoints of one of the dimensions of values
You are a management consultant. During a training session, a manager from XYZ Energy Corporation asks you to summarize the best research evidence on the impact of the five bases of power on job performance, job satisfaction, and turnover. Which of these would be a correct response? Reward power has a stronger positive impact than referent power. Legitimate power has a stronger positive impact than expert power. Referent power has a weaker positive impact than legitimate power. Expert and referent powers have a generally positive impact. Coercive power has a positive impact on performance and a negative impact on satisfaction.
Expert and referent powers have a generally positive impact.
Which of the following statements about impression management is false? Impression management is generally damaging to careers. Ingratiation can improve your performance appraisal results. Ingratiation can make your boss like you more. Too little impression management can cause you to be overlooked by your boss. Too much impression management can get you labeled a "phony."
Impression management is generally damaging to careers.
Which of the following is a tip for more effective PowerPoint presentations? Include questions on slides. Utilize lots of images. Make sure you have plenty of special effects. Use multiple font styles, sizes, and colors. Put everything you have to say on a slide.
Include questions on slides.
Sean is questioning his team's effectiveness. He asks himself "Is the group performing less than, equal to, or greater than the sum of its parts?" Once he thinks this through, he recognizes that two people are not contributing at all. Which of the following will not work to combat social loafing? Use hybrid rewards. Assure equity of effort among group members. Increase group size. Hold both individuals and the group accountable. Hold individuals accountable.
Increase group size.
______ refers to the amount of effort that we invest in an activity. Persistence Direction Volume Intensity Integration
Intensity
At Peter James Consulting, managers are in the process of submitting their budget cuts for the next fiscal year. In evaluating alternatives, managers should consider all of the following except Will these cuts impact the quality of our service? What is the budget impact of these changes? Are these the right choices to make for our company? Is this the choice that I, personally, would like to make? Is this the best use of our resources company-wide?
Is this the choice that I, personally, would like to make?
Dylan and Jack are playing a game of chess. Jack wins, and then he touches Dylan on the shoulder and says "good game." What does this communicate? Jack is defensive about his win. Jack is feeing superior. Jack likes Dylan. Jack wants Dylan to be happy. Jack is bored.
Jack likes Dylan.
__________ is the use of manipulation, a cynical view of human nature, and a moral code that puts results over principles. Machiavellianism Narcissism Psychopathy Ethnocentrism Laissez-faire syndrome
Machiavellianism
Which of the following statements about tendencies in managerial decision making is false? Managers make decisions too quickly. Managers don't invest resources to properly study the problem and alternative courses of action. Managers study the problem too extensively and collect too much data. Managers take the easy solution without rigorously considering alternatives. Managers don't consider all the relevant data.
Managers study the problem too extensively and collect too much data.
Marcy left a large Fortune 500 company to go to a small start-up technology firm. Earlier in her career, Marcy wanted a high salary and corporate position, but now she wants something different. She wants to be part of something that will grow and she enjoys the flexibility a small firm offers. In addition, she is involved in decision making, so she almost feels like it's her own company. These differing needs represent steps in Maslow's need hierarchy. McGregor's Theory Y. McClelland's acquired needs theory. Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory. Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory.
Maslow's need hierarchy.
You own your own management consulting firm. At a recent seminar, the owner of a local supermarket chain asks you to help him differentiate between a coalition and a network. Which of the following would be a correct response? Networks are people-oriented. Coalitions have longer-term agendas. Coalitions involve the pursuit of general self-interests. Coalitions always coincide with formal group membership. Networks revolve around specific issues.
Networks are people-oriented.
______ is the extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and commits to its goals. Perceived organizational support Organizational commitment Organizational satisfaction Job involvement Job satisfaction
Organizational commitment
_________ bias is especially evident in entrepreneurs who are deciding to start and sustain new ventures. Representativeness Overconfidence Escalation of commitment Framing Confirmation
Overconfidence
Which of the following is not a principle of persuasion? People tend to like those who like them. People tend to resent and disrespect credible experts. The belief in reciprocity is almost universal. People tend to follow the lead of those most like themselves. People tend to do what they are personally committed to do.
People tend to resent and disrespect credible experts.
______ power is the type of influence a person exercises independent of his or her job or position. Reward Coercion Legitimate Personal Political
Personal
______ power is the type of influence a person exercises because of the job he or she holds. Reward Personal Political Referent Position
Position
Juan finished the special report for the vice president of marketing. He spent many extra hours compiling this report and knows it has excellent quality. _____ is the emotion Juan is most likely experiencing. Awe Inspiration Pride Hope Interest
Pride
Carol is a behind-the-scenes kind of person, but everyone wants her on their committee because those committees tend to meet their objectives. Which of the following statements might describe why people want Carol on their committee? To be a leader, you must have formal authority. Leadership can only be assessed at the group level. Leaders must be evaluated at the beginning of a project. The criteria for assessing leadership effectiveness are always unclear. You do not need to have a formal position of authority to be a leader.
You do not need to have a formal position of authority to be a leader.
The Ethics Review Board at XYZ College is composed of students who were elected by the student body. When a student is charged with an ethics violation, the board meets to hear both sides of the dispute in a confidential meeting. Their decisions are not binding on the parties, according to college policies. They are acting as ombudsmen. negotiators. a peer review team. conciliators. facilitators.
a peer review team.
The benefit of ________ is that it uses faster, more user-friendly methods of dispute resolution, instead of traditional, adversarial approaches, such as unilateral decision making or litigation. dysfunctional conflict resolution (DCR) alternative dispute resolution (ADR) conflict resolution service (CRS) flextime fix (FTF) intergroup conflict resolution (ICR)
alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
The __________ approach attempts to identify the unique ways of acting displayed by effective leaders. leader prototypes trait situational behavior styles transformational leadership
behavior styles
According to Barbara Fredrickson's theory, positive emotions can only exist in a cooperative work environment. can be experienced through enforced self-interest. are not the most important factor for overall happiness. cannot be achieved without substantial social capital. broaden your perspective and build on themselves.
broaden your perspective and build on themselves.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a servant-leader? foresight building community charisma awareness empathy
charisma
The first step of added-value negotiation is to identify options. perfect the deal. design alternative deal packages. clarify interests. select a deal.
clarify interests.
Northwest Bank wants to maintain a positive presence and a vision for the future—to stay around for the long term and to do good for communities. First, the bank works with employees, the people who deliver the promise day in and day out. Then, employees expand the process to include customers. Customers applying for a loan should write a statement about how they plan to stay around for the long term and do good for their communities. This is an example of organizational identity. collective commitment. competing values. social system stability. organizational socialization.
collective commitment
The best possible influence outcome is __________ because the target person's intrinsic motivation energizes good performance. commitment defiance compliance resistance hindrance
commitment
Fiona used an influence tactic on Gerald and got him to enthusiastically agree to her proposal. Gerald demonstrated initiative and persistence while completing the assignment. This is an example of resistance. defiance. hindrance. compliance. commitment.
commitment.
Which of the following situations is most likely to result in conflict? clear job boundaries independent tasks competition for limited resources realistic expectations clear policies, standards, and rules
competition for limited resources
Marcy grudgingly agrees to Herb's proposal and needs a lot of prodding to satisfy the minimum requirements. Marcy is exhibiting hindrance. defiance. commitment. resistance. compliance.
compliance.
The team is generating a lot of ideas on how to approach the management case study problem. Everyone seems to have a plan. Joe stands up and says, "I will make a list on the board of all of our ideas." Joe is acting as orienter. energizer. elaborator. coordinator. recorder.
coordinator
In an out-group exchange, a leader is attempting to inspire followers. create trust and mutual obligation. initiate structure. perform service to others. create more formality in expectations and rewards.
create more formality in expectations and rewards.
Jamie is in the process of writing her doctoral thesis. She gets frequent guidance and advice from her thesis advisor whom she considers a close friend as well as a mentor. Jamie frequently seeks the help and advice of another professor at the same time, who also closely oversees her work. In what stage of the mentoring process is Jamie working? counseling reception cultivation separation redefinition
cultivation
The __________ phase spans two to five years and entails the junior person receiving a host of career and psychosocial guidance. redefinition initiation traditional separation cultivation
cultivation
Some organizations block employees' access to social media sites. This can: ensure increased productivity for all employees. damage employee morale and loyalty. ensure that employees use personal cell phones at work. encourage employees to follow up on work e-mails at home. show employees that you trust their judgment.
damage employee morale and loyalty.
Laura is head of ABC Systems. She needs to allocate a fixed amount of funds to various projects. There are two top projects that Laura believes hold the most promise. She decides to arrange a structured debate for the two top proposals. Importantly, the assumptions of each proposal are identified, and a conflicting counterproposal is generated based on a different set of assumptions. Advocates of each position present and debate the merits of their proposal before Laura makes her decision. Which technique is Laura using to help her make a better decision? dialectic method negotiation devil's advocacy avoidance mediation
dialectic method
Jill has joined the police academy. During the training process, Jill and the other cadets are made to wear uniforms and maintain an immaculate appearance. The trainers address her as "officer" instead of using her first name. All the cadets are told they are no longer ordinary citizens but representatives of the police force. This is the ______ form of organizational socialization. role play investiture informal divestiture random
divestiture
If a speedy decision is needed, the _______ conflict handling style is appropriate. integrating obliging avoiding dominating compromising
dominating
Adhocracy cultures: empower employees to take risks. drive toward productivity, profit, and customer satisfaction. have been shown to be generally ineffective. devote considerable resources to hiring and developing employees. assess effectiveness with measures of efficiency, timeliness, quality, safety, and reliability.
empower employees to take risks.
Harry is thinking about meeting Connie. He writes a text message to Connie, inviting her for a drink at the local bar. This is an example of decoding. feedback. noise. encoding. miscommunication.
encoding
Which of the following is not a task role? encourager energizer recorder elaborator information seeker/giver
encourager
Three years ago, the City of Recker committed to build a park and music venue by the river. It was expected to cost $2.5 million and be paid for from an additional meals tax in the community. The residents pushed back. Local restaurants suffered as people ate out less or patronized restaurants in neighboring communities. The project has stalled, but the town council kept pushing it on. This spring, a flood devastated the venue. The town council appears to have suffered from _______ bias. confirmation availability escalation of commitment overconfidence framing
escalation of commitment
Pereot Fragrances states that they are a "moving, flexible, innovative, customer-oriented global company that delivers real value to our shareholders by our unrelenting focus on performance and the unswerving dedication of our world-class, dedicated employees." In a time of growth and record profits, the company decides to increase wages and profit-sharing. What level of organizational culture does this represent? observable artifacts enacted values espoused values sustainability basic underlying assumptions
espoused values
There are two competing explanations about the origin of linguistic styles between men and women: ______ and ______. hierarchy of needs; Darwinian perspective Erikson's theory; psychoanalytic theory social role theory; hierarchy of needs psychoanalytic theory; social perspective evolutionary psychology; social role theory
evolutionary psychology; social role theory
Younger employees also are more likely to use the Internet and social media to accomplish their tasks. This is an example of the ___________ that represent the key issue when considering communication across generations. expectations and norms rules and regulations corporate policies and procedures FCC laws statements by management
expectations and norms
Jeff has been a project assistant for XYZ Corporation for five years. Recently he was asked to train Harriet, a new employee. He suggests that she use an Excel worksheet to lay out the projects she is currently working on, and she complies. He is using _______ power. reward coercion referent legitimate expert
expert
Norm and Quinn have been arguing over role responsibilities. The atmosphere in their small office is increasingly negative and tense. Petra, a manager from another department, informally urges them to deal directly with each other in a positive and constructive manner. This easy form of ADR is ombudsmanship. facilitation. peer review. mediation. arbitration.
facilitation.
Roger manages both Bill and Nancy. They are in an argument about who should handle a particular job. Roger encourages them to deal directly with each other in a positive and constructive manner. Roger is acting as a(n) facilitator. arbitrator. ombudsman. conciliator. negotiator.
facilitator.
A holistic hunch represents a judgment that is based on a conscious integration stored in memory. True or false?
false
All work groups progress through the stages of group development to become effective teams. True or false?
false
Explicit leadership theory is the idea that people have beliefs about how leaders should behave and what they should do for their followers. True or false?
false
In Fiedler's model, both high-control and low-control situations call for relationship-motivated leadership. True or false?
false
Instinct, insight, and intuition are synonymous; that is, they are the same thing. True or false?
false
Normative intuition represents the notion that decision makers are restricted by a variety of constraints when making decisions. True or false?
false
People who do what is required, exert no extra effort, and provide no extra input are said to be resisting. True or false?
false
Research supports the conclusion that positive organizational practices drive outcomes at the individual level, but not the group or organizational levels. True or false?
false
The best thing a manager can do to create functional conflict is to urge coworkers to hunker down and slog through, to simply persist.
false
The most common response to incivility is that employees work harder to avoid its source. True or false?
false
You are taking an OB course that meets Mondays and Wednesdays, and your professor gives unannounced quizzes each week. It's the Sunday before a class, and you are deciding whether to study for a potential quiz or watch football. Two of your classmates have decided to watch the game rather than study because they don't think there will be a quiz the next day. The next morning you walk into class and the professor says, "Take out a sheet of paper for the quiz." You turn to your friends and say, "I knew we were going to have a quiz; why did I listen to you? This reflects the anchoring bias. True or false?
false
Phil is part of a newly formed work group. He has been introduced to all the group members, but he still feels like he cannot trust them. The group has not yet chosen a leader, and Phil feels unsure about his exact role within the group. According to Tuckman's five-stage model of group development, which of the following stages is Phil's group currently in? norming forming storming performing adjourning
forming
A person in the ______ role will encourage all group members to participate. compromiser gatekeeper commentator encourager harmonizer
gatekeeper
Norm and his creative team need to present an idea for marketing a new detergent to the head of their advertising agency. Diane, a member of the team, always resented Norm's promotion to team leader. She objects to every idea Norm suggests and spends the entire meeting selling her approach. Diane hopes that this will be a chance to show her skills to the head of the agency. This is known as goal displacement. social pressure. groupthink. role modeling. decision rationale.
goal displacement.
Gannet Publishers has traditional layers of management and emphasis is placed on following the chain of command. Power, status, and position help the leaders within a hierarchy culture manage their employees. Gannett appears to have a(n) _________ culture. empowered clan adhocractic market hierarchical
hierarchical
The forms of intuition are tacit and explicit. formal and informal. rational and nonrational. holistic hunches and automated experiences. directive and analytical.
holistic hunches and automated experiences.
Veronica just accepted a job at QuizBiz. She left a large company that offered big bonuses for salespersons who exceeded their quotas. At QuizBiz, the individual bonuses are smaller, but there are team rewards as well. This is known as a _____ reward system. team project hybrid distributive discretionary
hybrid
A person who clarifies key issues for a group has taken on the role of evaluator. initiator. information seeker/giver. elaborator. orienter.
information seeker/giver.
Which three roles are especially important to groups? energizer, harmonizer, gatekeeper initiator, orienter, energizer coordinator, procedural technician, gatekeeper compromiser, commentator, evaluator opinion seeker/giver, standard setter, initiator
initiator, orienter, energizer
Connie knows that Benton Inc. is not growing. In fact, it's lost a lot of business to new competitors. She asks her managers 1. What is Benton Inc. doing wrong? 2. What can the company do to turn things a round? 3. Should the goals or mission of the company change? She wants them to question the status quo and seek innovative and creative solutions to organizational problems. What kind of behavior is Connie exhibiting? inspirational motivation idealized influence individualized consideration intellectual stimulation charismatic behavior
intellectual stimulation
Organizations with hierarchical cultures are described as: internally focused and valuing flexibility. externally focused and valuing flexibility. internally focused and valuing stability and control. externally focused and valuing stability and control. both internally and externally focused and valuing flexibility.
internally focused and valuing stability and control.
In regard to differences in how men and women communicate, in general males are expected to hide their emotions. males are expected to communicate less aggressively. females focus less on rapport. females give less confirmation and support. differences between males and females are insignificant.
males are expected to hide their emotions.
In the _______ culture, employees are encouraged to set difficult goals and strive to achieve them. Employee performance is closely monitored and often directly rewarded or punished. clan market hierarchy adhocracy hybrid
market
Neil is attending a job fair. He knows that there is a lot of competition for these positions and wants to stand out. Neil practices his greeting and "elevator" pitch in front of a mirror. He brings copies of his résumé and business cards. On each card, he notes his blog site address. On the blog, he has comments on several recent articles about new technologies in this field. Neil is maximizing media richness. media noise. media expense. media exposure. media competence.
media richness
Big Brothers Big Sisters is a volunteer _________ network that pairs adults with children. A survey of adults who participated in the program when they were children revealed that the majority obtained values and principles that influenced them throughout their lives. entrepreneurial opportunistic traditional financial mentoring
mentoring
Social media benefits for employers include all the following except expand boundaries. minimize cyberloafing. collaborate outside the organization. connect in real time over distance. collaborate within the organization.
minimize cyberloafing.
Marianne is in her business statistics class, sitting by Darius. Darius is holding his cell phone under the desk, texting someone, and it is distracting Marianne from listening to the professor's lecture. This is an example of feedback error. encoding error. decoding error. noise. failure of cross-cultural communication.
noise
Despite the information available, Becky consistently uses her cell phone to text when driving down the highway. This is an example of ______ decision making. rational nonrational optimizing normative alternative
nonrational
Linguistic style includes all of the following except use of stories. pacing and pausing. word choice. nonverbal behavior. use of jokes.
nonverbal behavior.
In which stage of the group development process do group members resolve their power struggles so that something can be accomplished? forming storming norming conforming performing
norming
An example of a(n) _____ goal is when Melissa's manager sets a goal for her to produce 16 widgets per hour. behavioral objective task project procedural
objective
The levels of organizational culture are strategy, mission, and values. external environment and internal environment. observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions. espoused values and enacted values. identity, commitment, and stability.
observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions.
Theresa is a(n) ______ for Capital Clinic services. She has worked for the company for 20 years and is widely respected and trusted. In this position, she hears grievances on a confidential basis and attempts to arrange a solution. ombudsmanship facilitation peer review mediation arbitration
ombudsmanship
A(n) ________ helps new recruits integrate, assimilate, and transition to new jobs by making them familiar with corporate policies, procedures, culture, and politics and by clarifying work-role expectations and responsibilities. onboarding program realistic job preview mentoring program sponsorship program developmental network
onboarding program
Teams with high levels of ______ and ______ deal with task conflict better than those without these characteristics. extraversion; need for power need for power; agreeableness openness; emotional stability need for affiliation; openness need for achievement; extraversion
openness; emotional stability
Jess has completed her two-year medical assistant program. She really wants to be a nurse, but needs to start working as soon as possible in order to pay her bills and loans. Unbeknownst to her, one of her professors has put her name in for an award program at the local nursing college. She is notified that she is a finalist for the award—full paid tuition and a living stipend. This _______ can enable her to exceed her goals. problem opportunity pro-opportunity holistic hunch alternative
opportunity
Josephine is about to graduate from college and is excited about joining her two roommates to start a small coffee shop near campus. She has never started a business before, but she is sure that her business degree has taught her everything she needs to know. The three of them have enough money for their initial costs and figure that they can cover their expenses with the cash flow from the business. Which heuristic is probably involved? representativeness anchoring availability fundamental attribution error overconfidence
overconfidence
Professor Marsden explains to the class that he wants the assigned paper submitted for review at several points in the research process. Lydia notes that she has to submit the paper multiple times. Marcy notes that the paper has to be reviewed before it is final. This reflects the ______ of communication. feedback method encoding aspect perceptual model comprehension role noise factor
perceptual model
Otto is convinced that social media offers many benefits for employees and wants to institute a plan at Compass Inc. Which of the following is not a potential benefit for employees? increased job satisfaction better work-life balance better performance and retention increased creativity and collaboration personal stability
personal stability
Grace is going to be leading a meeting of her colleagues to discuss how they might redesign one of their work processes. She decides that she will use a PowerPoint presentation to lay out the problems with the existing workflow. She is in the __________ step of the TED protocol for effective presentations. frame your story plan your delivery plan your multimedia develop your stage presence put it together
plan your multimedia
Kerry's manager asks her to head up a team reviewing office protocols. Kerry is in a great mood, having received a substantial bonus last week. This indicates that _____ experiences lead us to be more responsive to positive information. manipulative competitive positive fearful negative
positive
The idea that creativity starts from a base of knowledge is represented in the _______ stage of the creative performance process. problem formulation/definition preparation/information gathering idea generation idea evaluation idea validation
preparation/information gathering
When a receiver expresses a reaction to the sender's message, he or she is decoding. encoding. providing feedback. providing noise. understanding.
providing feedback.
Pete and Dana are working on a project together. They disagree on how to present the key concept of equality. Dana complains that Pete is dismissing her "feminist" position without consideration. Pete claims that Dana considers him a chauvinist. Wyatt, their supervisor, knows that both Pete and Dana are committed employees who support equality. He sits both of them down to work through the issues. This reflects _____ justice. restorative distributive procedural interactional interpersonal
restorative
In his annual performance review meeting with Eileen, who has been working at the company for two years, Ruben suggests that if she keeps up her good work she is likely to be offered a promotion within the next year. Ruben is exercising his _______ power. reward coercion referent legitimate expert
reward
John leads a team of 10 salespersons. He informs the team that the first member to achieve the year's target will be sent on an all-expenses-paid holiday to the Grand Canyon National Park. John is demonstrating __________ power. referent legitimate reward coercive expert
reward
Groups transform individuals into functioning organizational members communicating and enforcing ______ expectations. role identity formal behavioral competency
role
Which of the following is an individual function of a group? coordinate interdepartmental efforts satisfy the person's need for affiliation. implement complex decisions socialize newcomers accomplish complex, interdependent tasks
satisfy the person's need for affiliation.
Peter is a resident surgeon at his local hospital. Before he could start his residency, he had to complete four years of medical school, and then two years of internship. Identify the socialization process that Peter had to undergo. random socialization collective socialization sequential socialization informal socialization fixed socialization
sequential socialization
Acme Movers is a company that ships goods and cargo to all locations in the United States. The employees understand that the company's primary vision of timeliness, efficiency and low-cost services is important to maintain the competitive edge over other movers in the business. They constantly work to ensure that all deliveries reach their destinations on schedule, and the company, in turn, rewards the employees with performance-based awards and profit sharing. Which function of organizational culture is exemplified here? giving members an organizational identity facilitating collective commitment promoting social system stability shaping behavior by helping members make sense of their surroundings increasing the likelihood of shared feelings and emotions
shaping behavior by helping members make sense of their surroundings
The general strategy for the practical application of situational theories includes all of the following except identify important outcomes. identify situational conditions. match leadership to the conditions at hand. stick to one leadership style. identify relevant leadership behaviors.
stick to one leadership style.
The primary purpose of ________ behaviors is to ensure that people, equipment, and other resources are used in an efficient way to accomplish the mission of a group or organization. empowerment task-oriented relationship-oriented passive transformational
task-oriented
Teddy is a project manager at a consulting firm. He travels a lot and works very long hours. When he's home, he is always checking e-mail. He has a three-year-old son and a brand-new daughter, and his wife is upset that he doesn't help more. He is experiencing work-family conflict. dysfunctional conflict. functional conflict. conflict handling issues. incivility.
work-family conflict.
______________ is knowing who you are and what you want. Self-awareness Self-esteem Self-efficacy Self-disclosure self-assessment
Self-awareness
_________ theory assumes that competency, autonomy, and relatedness influence our behavior and well-being. Acquired needs Self-determination Job characteristics Expectancy Herzberg's motivator-hygiene
Self-determination
_____ is the amount of perceived helpfulness derived from our relationships with others. Flow Social support Meaningfulness Virtuousness Flourishing
Social support
Which of the following statements is false? The contingency approach is just common sense. Common sense excels in well-known scenarios with predictable outcomes. Common sense requires less effort than finding the real problem. Common sense can be overly subjective. Common sense is weak in unexpected situations.
The contingency approach is just common sense.
According to _________, the typical perspective held by managers is that employees dislike work, must be monitored, and can be motivated only with rewards and punishment ("carrots and sticks"). acquired needs theory Theory Y Theory X motivator-hygiene theory self-determination theory
Theory X
_________ is the last step of the ABCDE method of cognitive restructuring. To identify the consequences of your beliefs To list your beliefs about the event or problem To describe how energized and empowered you feel at the moment To formulate a counterargument for your initial thoughts and beliefs To name the event or problem
To describe how energized and empowered you feel at the moment
______ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations. Norms Goals Personalities Values Cognitions
Values
To enhance a worker's expectancy, a manager could get to know what rewards employees value. set specific, measurable goals. link rewards to desired outcomes. give feedback and coach the employee. explain to the worker why he or she should trust the organization.
give feedback and coach the employee.
People with an internal locus of control have lower work motivation. earn lower salaries. tend to be more anxious. derive less job satisfaction from performance. have stronger expectations that effort leads to performance.
have stronger expectations that effort leads to performance.
As demonstrated by research, ___________ is positively related to organizational citizenship behavior. higher performance ratings and lower organizational costs higher performance ratings and higher turnover lower customer satisfaction and lower turnover higher absenteeism and turnover lower efficiency and higher customer satisfaction
higher performance ratings and lower organizational costs
Justin and Edwardo were hired by the same network support firm. One year later, Edwardo receives a promotion to team leader. Justin believes he has stronger technical skills and asks his supervisor why he did not get the promotion. The supervisor says that Edwardo has better people skills. Having ____ can enable a person's promotion. soft skills. hard skills. technical skills. team skills. the right degree.
soft skills
Which of the following is not a form of social support? providing information that a person is accepted and respected providing financial aid, material resources, or needed services spending time discussing your vision spending time with others in leisure and recreational activities providing help in defining, understanding, and coping with problems
spending time discussing your vision
Carla will graduate from her business program next month. She is happiest in jobs where she doesn't know what will be waiting for her when she gets to work, and she excels at problem solving. Carla needs a career that involves: security. benevolence. tradition. power. stimulation.
stimulation
According to research, the most common predictor of cheating in school is peer behavior. True or false?
true
Collecting performance information from multiple sources helps a person being evaluated to get a broad view of his or her performance. True or false?
true
Claire has a law degree and brings five years of experience to her current job. She bills more client hours than any other associate. Claire receives a salary of $125,000, a bonus, medical and dental coverage, and two weeks paid vacation per year. From Claire's perspective, which of the following is an output of the individual-organization exchange relationship? long hours of work high levels of effort two weeks paid vacation her law degree her five years of experience
two weeks paid vacation
Mr. Henshaw, CEO of MBA Bank, decides that the organization needs to provide more convenient service to customers. He decides to increase the bank's service hours from 8 hours a day, Monday through Friday, to 12 hours a day, plus 8 hours a day each weekend day. He has his assistant compile a report that gives data on how the number of open hours of many banks is correlated with their customers' satisfaction, and presents the data to his executive committee. What stage of Lewin's change process is Mr. Henshaw operating in? freezing unfreezing reinforcement refreezing resistance
unfreezing
Philip got an e-mail from his supervisor with compliments and praises for his work over the past few months. This is an example of a __________ schedule of reinforcement. continuous fixed ratio variable ratio fixed interval variable interval
variable interval
Jeremy is a business student at ABC University. He is currently enrolled for 18 credits, mostly of quantitative courses with high workloads. He also works 25 hours a week as a bartender. Final exams are coming soon and he is worried about his grades. How would you characterize the cause(s) of Jeremy's stress? conflicting expectations perceived control over events unclear expectations work overload job characteristics
work overload
When monitoring performance, Frank watches all of the following except setting goals. time. quality. quantity. financial metrics.
setting goals.
According to research, the relationship between job performance and job satisfaction is best summarized by which of the following statements? Higher levels of job satisfaction lead to higher job performance. Higher levels of job performance lead to higher job satisfaction. Both variables indirectly influence each other. These variables are both caused by personality factors. There is no relationship between job performance and job satisfaction.
Both variables indirectly influence each other.
______ is the remedy for ill-conceived goals. Rooting out conflicts of interest When handing off work, asking if the assignment might invite unethical behavior Rewarding solid decision processes, not just good outcomes, Being alert for even trivial ethical infractions and addressing them immediately Brainstorming unintended consequences
Brainstorming unintended consequences
Brandon is Mark's manager. When the leader of Mark's team leaves, Mark is given additional responsibilities as acting team leader. Brandon wants him to take the team in a new direction. However, the company does not give Mark a raise or promise of a bonus. What mistake has Brandon, the change agent, made? Brandon has exhibited poor leadership style. Brandon had poor timing Brandon had a lack of tact. Brandon disrupted cultural traditions. Brandon failed to legitimize change.
Brandon failed to legitimize change.
_______ provides broad and useful ways to describe personality in terms of our individual differences in self-efficacy, self-esteem, locus of control, and emotional stability. Interpersonal intelligence Core self-evaluation Conscientiousness Personality Practical intelligence
Core self-evaluation
______ is not a content theory of motivation. Acquired needs theory Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory Self-determination theory Expectancy theory Theory X and Theory Y
Expectancy theory
Goals should always be stated in terms of measured outcomes. True or false?
False
_____ is a key input to positivity from person factors. Amplification Mindfulness Flourishing Buffering Positive deviance
Mindfulness
_________ imply nothing about change; _________ outline how organizations will get to the desired state. Missions; visions Visions; strategic plans Strategic plans; SWOT analyses SWOT analyses; visions Visions; missions
Missions; visions
Which of these is an analytical framework that can help your company develop a strategic plan? competing values analysis SWOT analysis systems analysis force field analysis organization development analysis
SWOT analysis
Extreme examples of unethical and illegal conduct are the exception in the business community. Which of the following statements about this behavior is false? Very few unethical acts are also illegal. Most unethical acts are not punished in any way. Even if illegal, few of these acts are prosecuted. You can rely on the legal system to manage or assure ethical conduct at work. Unethical behavior negatively affects the offending employee, coworkers, and the employer.
You can rely on the legal system to manage or assure ethical conduct at work.
Why are ethics considered so important when studying organizational behavior? Unethical behavior makes it easy to influence others and conduct business. Unethical behavior can ensure loyalty, which helps the performance of individuals and teams. You will be confronted with ethical challenges at all levels of organizations and throughout your career. Unethical acts are not illegal and can benefit the company. Some unethical acts are necessary to work around unfair governmental regulations.
You will be confronted with ethical challenges at all levels of organizations and throughout your career.
Jennifer wins an art contest. She attributes the outcome to luck. Jennifer is likely to have an external locus of control. an optimistic personality. high emotional stability. a proactive personality. a high level of extraversion.
an external locus of control.
Petra made a large mistake on a report she submitted to her boss, and it ended up costing the company a significant amount of money. When asked why this had occurred, she blamed one of her coworkers for giving her erroneous information for the report. Petra is expressing low agreeableness. an external locus of control. organizational citizenship behavior. counterproductive work behavior. low emotional stability.
an external locus of control.
People with __________ see themselves as masters of their own fate. high emotional stability an internal locus of control an external locus of control high introversion high extraversion
an internal locus of control
Fiona was telling her friend about the freedom and discretion given to her in scheduling and deciding the procedures used to complete the tasks assigned to her. Which of the following job characteristics was she talking about? feedback autonomy task significance skill variety task identity
autonomy
Dawn is at the playground with her four-year-old daughter. The father of another child is yelling and cursing at him. Dawn decides to tell the father to stop the verbal abuse or leave the playground, or she will call the authorities. Dawn's behavior reflects the _______ component of her attitude. intellectual affective cognitive behavioral value
behavioral
The head of ABC Company announces that the company is going to start a weekend project teaching self-defense techniques to underprivileged kids in the neighborhood. Thomas decides to register for the project, as he is a trained kickboxer. This action of Thomas reflects the __________ component of his attitude. behavioral affective cognitive normative intellectual
behavioral
When positive practices reduce the impact of negative events or stressors, a(n) _________ effect has occurred. buffering attentional positivity amplifying deviant
buffering
Janelle filled out a peer evaluation rating form for her teammates in her OB class. She rated everyone as a "3" or "4" on the 6-point scale. This is an example of ___________ perceptual error. halo leniency central tendency recency contrast effects
central tendency
Dr. Davis, an accounting professor, is concerned that he was not engaging his students as much as he would like. He asks his boss, the department chair, and two of his colleagues to sit in on one of his classes, to give him comments and suggestions for improvement. He also passes out student evaluation forms. Dr. Davis is providing positive reinforcement for himself. conducting a 360-degree feedback process. developing an action plan. creating a contrast effect process. conducting research.
conducting a 360-degree feedback process.
A state of _____ exists when employees are physically, cognitively, and emotionally engaged in an activity or project. commitment positivity flow mindfulness hyperactivity
flow
In the leniency perceptual error, a person forms an overall impression, and then uses that impression to bias ratings. avoids all extreme judgments and rates everyone as average or neutral. evaluates people by comparing them with characteristics of recently observed people. consistently evaluates people in an extremely positive fashion. relies on most recent information.
consistently evaluates people in an extremely positive fashion.
The step of Kotter's eight-step model that involves the guiding coalition using credibility from short-term wins to create more change is establishing a sense of urgency. communicating the change vision. empowering the broad-based action. consolidating gains. anchoring new approaches in the culture.
consolidating gains.
When a manager evaluates employees against a predetermined standard, he or she is minimizing _______ bias. central tendency recency effect halo effect contrast effect leniency
contrast effect
Louis is a member of the marketing team on the Superb Mattress account. Recently, he has emerged as a team leader. His supervisor, Michele, is letting Louis make the final decision as to which campaigns are presented to the client. This provides Louis with a buffering effect. an organizing framework. social support. motivational feedback. decision-making discretion.
decision-making discretion.
Professor Jones learns that faculty members in another college with the same degree, years of teaching experience, and publication record are making significantly more money than he is. He considers this unfair. He is reacting to ______ justice. institutional organizational distributive procedural interactional
distributive
The advantage of _________ as a means of overcoming change is that once persuaded, people will often help with the implementation of the change. facilitation and support explicit and implicit coercion negotiation and agreement participation and involvement education and communication
education and communication
Owen leads a team tasked with developing a client tracking system. He is nervous and worried, afraid that if this assignment doesn't go well, he won't be promoted. Jack, a team member, is relaxed, unworried, and secure in the feeling that they have all the necessary resources and talents to make this work. Jack is likely to score high on emotional stability. introversion. conscientiousness. internal locus of control. agreeableness.
emotional stability.
Luis has just learned that Brian, who has less experience and who does less work, receives a higher salary. Since learning this, Luis has been very unhappy and has started to look for another job. What model of job satisfaction best explains Luis's reactions? dispositional components value attainment met expectations need fulfillment equity
equity
The idea underlying the __________ model is that satisfaction is tied to how fairly an individual is treated at work: met expectations need fulfillment equity value attainment dispositional components
equity
Lenore has a fight with her best friend, Samantha, and doesn't want to speak to her. She unfriends her on social media. By doing this, Lenore is using _________, thereby removing consequences from an undesirable behavior. extinction punishment negative reinforcement respondent behavior operant behavior
extinction
Polly works as a bartender. A few people wave money at her so that she will serve them first. She finds this to be rude and, so, either ignores them or serves them last. People realize that Polly serves the people who wait politely first, and much of the rude behavior stops. Polly used the model of positive reinforcement. negative reinforcement. variable ratio reinforcement. extinction. shaping.
extinction.
Common sense focuses on the past, and because of this, it is strong in responding to the unexpected. True or false?
false
Early in the change process, a manager should use variable schedules of reinforcement with extrinsic rewards to reinforce new behaviors. True or false?
false
Practical intelligence is very similar to logical-mathematical intelligence. True or false?
false
Process theories of motivation include equity theory and Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory. True or false?
false
Glenda, the plant manager for ABC Corporation, views the results from the latest survey of employee attitudes. The results show that job satisfaction in the manufacturing plant has dropped significantly since the last survey. This is a ________ source of change. managerial behavior technological demographic human resource problem shareholder
human resource problem
The goal of the job characteristics model is to apply scientific methods to job design. increase intrinsic motivation in jobs. increase extrinsic motivation in jobs. guide the goal-setting process. guide managers in applying job-swapping techniques.
increase intrinsic motivation in jobs.
___________ are the key links between ___________ in Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior. Attitudes; intentions and planned behavior Intentions; attitudes and planned behavior Norms; intentions and planned behavior Intentions; norms and attitudes Perceived behaviors; intentions and planned behavior
intentions, attitudes and planned behavior
People bring their abilities, goals, and experiences to each and every situation, which often changes the situation. Conversely, because situations have unique characteristics, such as opportunities and rewards, they change people. This dynamic reflects the interactional perspective, which explains that behavior is a function of: interdependent person and situation factors. interdependent ethical and unethical factors. interdependent human and social factors. independent person and situation factors. independent human and social factors.
interdependent person and situation factors.
Eileen signed up for a photography class after having seen some spectacular wildlife art pictures done by a local artist. She is most likely experiencing hope. joy. pride. interest. gratitude.
interest.
Of the following, ______ is the most closely aligned with employees' perceptions of procedural justice. job performance absenteeism stress physical health problems mental health
job performance
Vivek and Warren are working on an assignment for their marketing class. Warren finishes his part of the assignment; Vivek doesn't. Vivek apologizes because he took an extra shift at work and didn't give the assignment the priority it needed. He promises Warren he will stay home tonight and finish his work. What personality characteristic does this show? locus of control emotional stability self-efficacy self-esteem core self-evaluation
locus of control
Dr. Riley, a professor in the economics department, finds that if he keeps his door open, people tend to stop in to say hello. This interruption is distracting. So now Dr. Riley keeps his office door open only a crack during his office hours, asking visitors to knock before entering. This small change allows him to grade exams more quickly and accurately. This is an example of his increasing his mindfulness. optimism. attention delinquency. positive deviance. mindlessness.
mindfulness.
Josh runs into heavy traffic every day while driving to work. Yesterday, he left home earlier than usual and did not run into heavy traffic. Again, today, he left earlier and avoided heavy traffic. His behavior of leaving earlier enabled him to avoid heavy traffic and reach the office on time. In which of the following processes did Josh engage? positive reinforcement extinction punishment negative reinforcement intermittent reinforcement
negative reinforcement
Letitia reports to work at Apex Inc. This is her first day. Human resources tells Letitia to report to a conference room so that she can review the company's mission statement and policies, go over her job description, and learn about the technology systems in use. This type of experience is an ______ program. incoming onboarding involvement introductory engagement
onboarding
Anne, a manager, hires the first person she interviews because she believes that person can do the job adequately. Anne is resolving the problem. solving the problem. dissolving the problem. ignoring the problem. avoiding the problem.
resolving the problem.
Ethics is primarily concerned with right and wrong. legal and illegal. moral and immoral. religious and nonreligious. public and nonpublic.
right and wrong
During a class lecture, Mike finds himself thinking about an argument he had last night with his girlfriend. Mike is displaying multitasking. rumination. negative emotions. PsyCap. mindfulness.
rumination
Sandra has a new assignment. She is confident that she can successfully complete the task. This is an example of core self-evaluation. self-efficacy. self-esteem. self-expectation. self-expectancy.
self-efficacy.
Nola graduated from her MBA program last year and took on a high-paying position as a consultant-in-training at McCrabree Consulting. She often works 60-80 hours per week, and mostly her assignments are in cities across the country; she rarely stays home for more than two days at a time. This is all part of the way consulting operates, as she was told by the people who ran the firm's orientation session. In fact, at that session, the facilitator brought in consultants who had worked at the firm for several years who stressed that the firm believes in pushing employees to the limit. Nola is definitely feeling the stress! What would you characterize as the level of her stressors? individual managerial group organizational extra-organizational
organizational
Sustainable businesses tend to be run by CEOs who are intelligent. controlling. target-driven. people-centered. egotistical.
people-centered
The two basic types of goals are learning and behavioral. behavioral and performance. performance and objective. project and objective. performance and learning.
performance and learning.
You value achievement and your employer rewards people for accomplishing goals, so you are very committed to the company. _____ fit is the consistency between personal and company values. Person-culture Person-behavioral Employee-employer Values-attitude fit Intrinsic-extrinsic
person-culture
Tanya believes that people should be kind to each other. She notices that Ellie is picking on a new employee, Michele. Tanya asks Ellie to stop bullying Michele, but Ellie's behavior doesn't change. Tanya confronts Ellie and a heated argument ensues, after which Tanya suggests that Ellie transfer to another department. In this case, Tanya's ________ are different from her values. intentions abstract ideals personal beliefs personal goals cognitions
personal beliefs
Victor seems to want to control others and often manipulates people for his own gratification. He exhibits the need for personal power. institutional power. affiliation. achievement. competence.
personal power.
Lennie loves her job at Vail Corporation. She is even a community ambassador. Lennie exhibits all of the following qualities except pessimism. urgency. focus. intensity. enthusiasm.
pessimism
In Maslow's needs hierarchy theory, _______ is the lowest level and __________ is the highest level. safety; self-actualization safety; esteem love; esteem physiological; esteem physiological; self-actualization
physiological; self-actualization
A(n) _______ is someone who is relatively unconstrained by situational forces and who effects environmental change. extrovert proactive person stable person introvert imaginative and curious
proactive person
Core self-evaluations represent a broad personality trait comprised of all of the following except emotional stability. generalized self-efficacy. locus of control. proactivity. self-esteem.
proactivity.
Maria is having an argument with her father. He believes that focusing on her computer skills is the most important of Maria's college experience. Maria disagrees, arguing that ______ is/are the more critical. overall technical expertise self-awareness problem-solving skills an ethical perspective business knowledge
problem-solving skills
Imelda's life is difficult right now. Her husband and she recently decided to divorce and she is now a single parent of two preteenagers. They are good kids, but it is difficult taking care of them and managing her full-time job as a middle manager. Imelda has started taking work home at night and finishing projects at night after her children are in bed. Imelda is likely exhibiting hope. efficacy. effectiveness. health. resilience.
resilience.