MICRO Chapter 9

In bacterial conjugation, which term refers to a recipient cell that does not have a fertility plasmid?

F-

Which type of plasmids confer the ability of an organism to survive treatment by antibiotics?

R factors

How do an Hfr cell and an F+ cell differ?

The plasmid is integrated into the chromosome of an Hfr cell but not in an F+ cell

Which gene transfer method involves the uptake of free DNA by competent bacterial cells?

Transformation

Plasmids are found in which types of organisms?

bacteria, fungi

Plasmids can be found in both _______ and _______

bacteria; fungi

R factors are specifically associated with which mechanism of recombination?

conjugation

________ refers to the transfer of genes between donor and recipient microorganisms

recombination

Gram-positive cells conjugate and transfer genetic material through which structure?

Pore in cell wall

Transduction occurs through:

a bacteriophage

__________ in bacteria refers to horizontal gene exchange via pili

conjugation

Donor and recipient bacterial cells are connected by the sex _______ during conjugation

pilus

A _______ is a small circular segment of DNA found in the cytoplasm of bacteria that is capable of independent replication and usually contains nonessential genes

plasmid

"Jumping genes" are known as _______

transposons