Microbiology Exam- Parasitology

(A) Dracunculus medinensis (B) Loa loa (C) Onchocerca volvulus (D) Wuchereria bancrofti (E) Toxocara canis 353. Causes river blindness 354. Transmitted by mosquito 355. Acquired by drinking contaminated water 356. Treated by extracting worm from skin ulcer 357. Transmitted by deer fly or mango fly 358. Causes visceral larva migrans 359. Causes filariasis 360. Acquired by ingestion of worm eggs

353. (C) 354. (D) 355. (A) 356. (A) 357. (B) 358. (E) 359. (D) 360. (E)

(A) Giardia lamblia (B) Plasmodium vivax (C) Taenia saginata (D) Clonorchis sinensis (E) Enterobius vermicularis 361. A trematode (fluke) acquired by eating undercooked fish 362. A cestode (tapeworm) acquired by eating undercooked beef 363. A nematode (roundworm) transmitted primarily from child to child 364. A protozoan transmitted by mosquito 365. A protozoan transmitted by the fecal-oral route 366. Primarily affects the biliary ducts 367. Causes diarrhea as the most prominent symptom 368. Causes perianal itching as the most prominent symptom 369. Causes fever, chills, and anemia 370. Can be treated with metronidazole 371. Can be treated with mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate 372. Can be treated with chloroquine and primaquine

361. (D) 362. (C) 363. (E) 364. (B) 365. (A) 366. (D) 367. (A) 368. (E) 369. (B) 370. (A) 371. (E) 372. (B)

(A) Entamoeba histolytica (B) Plasmodium falciparum (C) Taenia solium (D) Paragonimus westermani (E) Strongyloides stercoralis 373. A cestode (tapeworm) acquired by eating undercooked pork 374. A nematode (roundworm) acquired when filariform larvae penetrate the skin 375. A protozoan transmitted by the fecal-oral route 376. A trematode (fluke) acquired by eating undercooked crab meat 377. A protozoan that infects red blood cells 378. Laboratory diagnosis based on finding eggs in sputum 379. Causes cysticercosis in humans 380. Chloroquine-resistant strains occur 381. Autoinfection within humans, especially in immunocompromised patients 382. Causes blackwater fever 383. Causes bloody diarrhea and liver abscesses 384. Produces "banana-shaped" gametocytes 385. Produces cysts with four nuclei 386. Has a scolex with suckers and a circle of hooks

373. (C) 374. (E) 375. (A) 376. (D) 377. (B) 378. (D) 379. (C) 380. (B) 381. (E) 382. (B) 383. (A) 384. (B) 385. (A) 386. (C)

328. In malaria, the form of plasmodia that is transmitted from mosquito to human is the: (A) Sporozoite (B) Gametocyte (C) Merozoite (D) Hypnozoite

A

330. Each of the following parasites has an intermediate host as part of its life cycle EXCEPT: (A) Trichomonas vaginalis (B) Taenia solium (C) Echinococcus granulosus (D) Toxoplasma gondii

A

332. Each of the following parasites is transmitted by flies EXCEPT: (A) Schistosoma mansoni (B) Onchocerca volvulus (C) Trypanosoma gambiense (D) Loa loa

A

333. Each of the following parasites is transmitted by mosquitoes EXCEPT: (A) Leishmania donovani (B) Wuchereria bancrofti (C) Plasmodium vivax (D) Plasmodium falciparum

A

336. Laboratory diagnosis of a patient with a suspected liver abscess due to Entamoeba histolytica should include: (A) Stool examination and indirect hemagglutination test (B) Stool examination and blood smear (C) Indirect hemagglutination test and skin test (D) Xenodiagnosis and string test

A

351. Each of the following statements concerning Strongyloides stercoralis is correct EXCEPT: (A) S. stercoralis is acquired by ingestion of eggs. (B) S. stercoralis undergoes a free-living life cycle in soil. (C) Migrating larvae of S. stercoralis induce a marked eosinophilia. (D) S. stercoralis produces filariform larvae.

A

327. The main anatomic location of Schistosoma mansoni adult worms is: (A) Lung alveoli (B) Intestinal venules (C) Renal tubules (D) Bone marrow

B

329. Which one of the following protozoa primarily infects macrophages? (A) Plasmodium vivax (B) Leishmania donovani (C) Trypanosoma cruzi (D) Trichomonas vaginalis

B

335. Each of the following parasites is transmitted by eating inadequately cooked fish or seafood EXCEPT: (A) Diphyllobothrium latum (B) Ancylostoma duodenale (C) Paragonimus westermani (D) Clonorchis sinensis

B

341. Which one of the following agents can be used to prevent malaria? (A) Mebendazole (B) Chloroquine (C) Inactivated vaccine (D) Praziquantel

B

343. Each of the following statements concerning Trypanosoma cruzi is correct EXCEPT: (A) T. cruzi is transmitted by the reduviid bug. (B) T. cruzi occurs primarily in tropical Africa. (C) T. cruzi can be diagnosed by seeing amastigotes in a bone marrow aspirate. (D) T. cruzi typically affects heart muscle, leading to cardiac failure.

B

352. Each of the following statements concerning trichinosis is correct EXCEPT: (A) Trichinosis is acquired by eating undercooked pork. (B) Trichinosis is caused by a protozoan that has both a trophozoite and a cyst stage in its life cycle. (C) Trichinosis can be diagnosed by seeing cysts in muscle biopsy specimens. (D) Eosinophilia is a prominent finding.

B

326. Children at day care centers in the United States have a high rate of infection with which one of the following? (A) Ascaris lumbricoides (B) Entamoeba histolytica (C) Enterobius vermicularis (D) Necator americanus

C

331. Each of the following parasites passes through the lung during human infection EXCEPT: (A) Strongyloides stercoralis (B) Necator americanus (C) Wuchereria bancrofti (D) Ascaris lumbricoides

C

334. Pigs or dogs are the source of human infection by each of the following parasites EXCEPT: (A) Echinococcus granulosus (B) Taenia solium (C) Ascaris lumbricoides (D) Trichinella spiralis

C

338. Each of the following statements concerning Giardia lamblia is correct EXCEPT: (A) G. lamblia has both a trophozoite and a cyst stage in its life cycle. (B) G. lamblia is transmitted by the fecal-oral route from both human and animal sources. (C) G. lamblia causes hemolytic anemia. (D) G. lamblia can be diagnosed by the string test in which a weighted string is swallowed and passes into the upper GI tract.

C

344. Each of the following statements concerning sleeping sickness is correct EXCEPT: (A) Sleeping sickness is caused by a trypanosome. (B) Sleeping sickness is transmitted by tsetse flies. (C) Sleeping sickness can be diagnosed by finding eggs in the stool. (D) Sleeping sickness occurs primarily in tropical Africa.

C

345. Each of the following statements concerning kala-azar is correct EXCEPT: (A) Kala-azar is caused by Leishmania donovani. (B) Kala-azar is transmitted by the bite of sandflies. (C) Kala-azar occurs primarily in rural Latin America. (D) Kala-azar can be diagnosed by finding amastigotes in bone marrow.

C

348. Each of the following statements concerning Schistosoma haematobium is correct EXCEPT: (A) S. haematobium is acquired by humans when cercariae penetrate the skin. (B) Snails are intermediate hosts of S. haematobium. (C) S. haematobium eggs have no spine. (D) S. haematobium infection predisposes to bladder carcinoma.

C

350. Each of the following statements concerning Ascaris lumbricoides is correct EXCEPT: (A) A. lumbricoides is one of the largest nematodes. (B) A. lumbricoides is transmitted by ingestion of eggs. (C) Both dogs and cats are intermediate hosts of A. lumbricoides. (D) A. lumbricoides can cause pneumonia.

C

337. Each of the following statements concerning Toxoplasma gondii is correct EXCEPT: (A) T. gondii can be transmitted across the placenta to the fetus. (B) T. gondii can be transmitted by cat feces. (C) T. gondii can cause encephalitis in immunocompromised patients. (D) T. gondii can be diagnosed by finding trophozoites in the stool.

D

339. Each of the following statements concerning malaria is correct EXCEPT: (A) The female Anopheles mosquito is the vector. (B) Early in infection, sporozoites enter hepatocytes. (C) Release of merozoites from red blood cells causes periodic fever and chills. (D) The principal site of gametocyte formation is the human gastrointestinal tract.

D

340. Each of the following statements concerning Trichomonas vaginalis is correct EXCEPT: (A) T. vaginalis is transmitted sexually. (B) T. vaginalis can be diagnosed by visualizing the trophozoite. (C) T. vaginalis can be treated effectively with metronidazole. (D) T. vaginalis causes bloody diarrhea.

D

342. Each of the following statements concerning Pneumocystis carinii is correct EXCEPT: (A) P. carinii infections primarily involve the respiratory tract. (B) P. carinii can be diagnosed by seeing cysts in tissue. (C) P. carinii infections are symptomatic primarily in immunocompromised patients. (D) P. carinii symptomatic infections can be prevented by administering penicillin orally.

D

346. Each of the following statements concerning Diphyllobothrium latum is correct EXCEPT: (A) D. latum is transmitted by undercooked fish. (B) D. latum has operculated eggs. (C) D. latum causes a megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency. (D) D. latum is a tapeworm that has a scolex with a circle of hooks.

D

347. Each of the following statements concerning hydatid cyst disease is correct EXCEPT: (A) The disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. (B) The cysts occur primarily in the liver. (C) The disease is caused by a parasite whose adult form lives in dogs' intestines. (D) The disease occurs primarily in tropical Africa.

D

349. Each of the following statements concerning hookworm infection is correct EXCEPT: (A) Hookworm infection can cause anemia. (B) Hookworm infection is acquired by humans when filariform larvae penetrate the skin. (C) Hookworm infection is caused by Necator americanus. (D) Hookworm infection can be diagnosed by finding the trophozoite in the stool.

D