Microbiology Midterm 1-10 & 13-15

Which of the following types of microorganisms is photosynthetic? a) alga b) helminth c) virus d) yeast

a) Alga

_________________ is the primary stain of the Gram stain procedure. a) Crystal violet b) Iodine c) none of these d) Cholesterol

a) Crystal violet

Which type of microscope would be the best choice for viewing very small surface structures of a cell? a) a scanning electron microscope b) a transmission electron microscope c) a brightfield microscope d) a phase-contrast microscope

a) a scanning electron microscope

Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? a) capsule b) fimbriae c) hemolysin d) collagenase

a) capsule

Bleach is an example of which group of chemicals used for disinfection? a) halogens b) heavy metals c) quats d) bisbiguanides

a) halogens

A non-segmented worm is found during a routine colonoscopy of an individual who reported having abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting. This worm is likely which of the following? a) nematode b) fluke c) nnelid d) trematode

a) nematode

Serratia marcescens cells produce a red pigment at room temperature. The red color of the colonies is an example of which of the following? a) phenotype b) genotype c) adaptation to the environment d) change in DNA base composition

a) phenotype

Which of the following characteristics/compounds is not considered to be a phenotypic biochemical characteristic used of microbial identification? a) small-subunit (16S) rRNA gene b) poly-β-hydroxybutyrate c) carbon utilization d) lipid composition

a) small-subunit (16S) rRNA gene

Which of the following is the reason jams and dried meats often do not require refrigeration to prevent spoilage? a) naturally occurring antibiotics b) low water activity c) toxic alkaline chemicals d) low pH

b) low water activity

Which of the following is the group of archaea that can use CO2 as their final electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration, producing CH4? a) methylotrophs b) methanogens c) anoxygenic photosynthesizers d) methanotrophs

b) methanogens

Which period is the stage of disease during which the patient begins to present general signs and symptoms? a) incubation b) prodromal c) convalescence d) illness

b) prodromal

Which of the following are two products of the light-dependent reactions? a) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and CO2 b) glucose and oxygen c) NADPH and ATP d) glucose and NADPH

c) NADPH & ATP

Which chemical disinfectant works by methylating enzymes and nucleic acids and is known for being toxic and carcinogenic? a) triclosan b) hexaclorophene c) formaldehyde d) sorbic acid

c) formaldehyde

In which environment are you most likely to encounter a hyperthermophile? a) human body b) warm ocean water in Florida c) hydrothermal vent at the bottom of the ocean d) hot tub

c) hydrothermal vent at the bottom of the ocean

The utility of an antibiogram is that it shows antimicrobial susceptibility trends a) in research laboratory strains. b) for an individual patient. c) in a localized population. d) over a large geographic area.

c) in a localized population

Sugar groups may be added to proteins in which of the following? a) lysosome b) rough endoplasmic reticulum c) smooth endoplasmic reticulum d) Golgi apparatus

d) Golgi apparatus

Which of the following techniques cannot be used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of an antimicrobial drug against a particular microbe? a) Etest b) macrobroth dilution test c) microbroth dilution test d) Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test

d) Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test

Which of the following types of drug-resistant bacteria do not typically persist in individuals as a member of their intestinal microbiota? a) VRE b) ESBL-producing bacteria c) CRE d) MRSA

d) MRSA

Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? a) Cryptococcus b) Candida c) Giardia d) Plasmodium

d) Plasmodium

A fluke is classified within which of the following? a) Rotifera b) Nematoda c) Annelida d) Platyhelminthes

d) Platyhelminthes

Which of the following has yielded compounds with the most antimicrobial activity? a) water b) air c) volcanoes d) soil

d) Soil

Which of the following bacterial species is classified as high G+C gram-positive? a) Bacillus anthracis b) Streptococcus pneumonia c) Staphylococcus aureus d) Corynebacterium diphtheriae

d) corynebacterium diphtheriae

Organelles such as mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes are held in place by the ______________, an internal network that supports transport of intracellular components and helps maintain cell shape. a) prokaryote b) cytosome c) nucleus d) cytoskeleton

d) cytoskeleton

In the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test, the _______ of the zone of inhibition is measured and used for interpretation. a) depth b) circumference c) microbial population d) diameter

d) diameter

Which type of cytoskeletal fiber is important in the formation of the nuclear lamina? a) microfilaments b) microtubules c) fibronectin d) intermediate filaments

d) intermediate filaments

Which of the following environments would harbor psychrophiles? a) yogurt cultured at room temperature b) salt pond in the desert with a daytime temperature of 34 °C c) contaminated plates left in a 35 °C incubator d) mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 °C

d) mountain lake with a water temperature of 12 degrees C

Bacteria are ________________ because their genetic material (DNA) is not housed within a true nucleus. a) viral b) eukaryotic c) iconic d) prokaryotic

d) prokaryotic

There are two basic types of preparation used to view specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and _______________. a) thin layer b) glutaraldehyde layer c) fixed specimens d) formalin specimen

fixed specimens

A lichen is a combination of two organisms, a green alga or cyanobacterium and ____________, living in a symbiotic relationship. a) animals b) fungus c) plants d) bacteria

fungus

In prokaryotes, in which direction are hydrogen ions pumped by the electron transport system of photosynthetic membranes? a) to the intermembrane space of the chloroplast b) to the inside (cytoplasm) of the cell c) to the stroma d) to the outside of the plasma membrane

to the outside of the plasma membrane