Microsoft Azure Fundamentals

Azure VPN Gateway

Accesses Azure Virtual Networks through high-performance VPN gateways

Application Gateway

Application Gateway is a load balancer designed for web applications. It uses Azure Load Balancer at the transport level (TCP) and applies sophisticated URL-based routing rules to support several advanced scenarios.

App Service Functions

Azure App Service enables you to build and host web apps, background jobs, mobile backends, and RESTful APIs in the programming language of your choice without managing infrastructure.

Azure Databricks

Collaborative Apache Spark-based analytics service that can be integrated with other Big Data services in Azure.

Azure Database for MySQL

Fully managed and scalable MySQL relational database with high availability and security

Azure Database for PostgreSQL

Fully managed and scalable PostgreSQL relational database with high availability and security

IoT Central

Fully-managed global IoT software as a service (SaaS) solution that makes it easy to connect, monitor, and manage your IoT assets at scale

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Infrastructure as a Service is the most flexible category of cloud services. It aims to give you complete control over the hardware that runs your application (IT infrastructure servers and virtual machines (VMs), storage, and operating systems). Instead of buying hardware, with IaaS, you rent it. It's an instant computing infrastructure, provisioned and managed over the internet.

Azure Container Instances (ACI)

It is a PaaS offering that allows you to upload your containers and execute them directly with automatic elastic scale.

Azure IoT Hub

Messaging hub that provides secure communications between and monitoring of millions of IoT devices

Platform as a service (PaaS)

PaaS provides an environment for building, testing, and deploying software applications. The goal of PaaS is to help you create an application quickly without managing the underlying infrastructure. For example, when deploying a web application using PaaS, you don't have to install an operating system, web server, or even system updates.

HDInsight

Process massive amounts of data with managed clusters of Hadoop clusters in the cloud

Software as a service (SaaS)

SaaS is software that is centrally hosted and managed for the end customer. It is usually based on an architecture where one version of the application is used for all customers, and licensed through a monthly or annual subscription. Office 365, Skype, and Dynamics CRM Online are perfect examples of SaaS software.

Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)

a complete orchestration service for containers with distributed architectures with multiple containers.

describe Regions

a geographical area on the planet containing at least one, but potentially multiple datacenters that are nearby and networked together with a low-latency network.

Cosmos DB

a globally distributed database service. It supports schema-less data that lets you build highly responsive and Always On applications to support constantly changing data.

Load Balancer

a load balancer service that Microsoft provides that helps take care of the maintenance for you. Load Balancer supports inbound and outbound scenarios, provides low latency and high throughput, and scales up to millions of flows for all Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) applications

describe Resource Groups

a logical container for resources deployed on Azure. These resources are anything you create in an Azure subscription like virtual machines, Application Gateways, and CosmosDB instances.

Virtual Network

a logically isolated network on Azure.

Virtual Machine Scale Sets

allow you to centrally manage, configure, and update a large number of VMs in minutes to provide highly available applications.

Capital Expenditure (CapEx)

an upfront cost, which has a value that reduces over time.

Virtual Machines

are software emulations of physical computers.

Elasticity

automatically allocates more computing resources to handle the increased traffic

describe private cloud

cloud environment in your own datacenter and provide self-service access to compute resources to users in your organization.

describe hybrid cloud

combines public and private clouds, allowing you to run your applications in the most appropriate location.

describe public cloud

everything runs on your cloud provider's hardware

Archive Storage

for data that are rarely accessed and stored for at least 180 days with flexible latency requirements.

File Storage

fully managed file shares in the cloud that are accessible via the industry standard Server Message Block (SMB) protocol. Azure file shares can be mounted concurrently by cloud or on-premises deployments of Windows, Linux, and macOS.

Fault Tolerance (FT)

if one component fails, a backup component takes its place.

Content Delivery Network

is a distributed network of servers that can efficiently deliver web content to users. It is a way to get content to users in their local region to minimize latency.

Azure SQL Database

is a relational database as a service (DaaS) based on the latest stable version of the Microsoft SQL Server database engine. SQL Database is a high-performance, reliable, fully managed and secure database.

Blob Storage

is unstructured, meaning that there are no restrictions on the kinds of data it can hold. Blobs are highly scalable and apps work with blobs in much the same way as they would work with files on a disk, such as reading and writing data. Blob Storage can manage thousands of simultaneous uploads, massive amounts of video data, constantly growing log files, and can be reached from anywhere with an internet connection.

describe Availability Zones

physically separate datacenters within an Azure region

Horizontal scaling

process of adding more servers that function together as one unit. For example, you have more than one server processing incoming requests.

Vertical scaling

process of adding resources to increase the power of an existing server. Some examples of vertical scaling are: adding more CPUs, or adding more memory.

Disk Storage

provides disks for virtual machines, applications, and other services to access and use as they need, similar to how they would in on-premises scenarios. Disk storage allows data to be persistently stored and accessed from an attached virtual hard disk. The disks can be managed or unmanaged by Azure, and therefore managed and configured by the user.

Operational Expenditure (OpEx)

spending money on services or products now and being billed for them now. You can deduct this expense from your tax bill in the same year. There's no upfront cost. You pay for a service or product as you use it.

Economies of scale

the ability to do things more efficiently or at a lower-cost per unit when operating at a larger scale.

describe Azure Resource Manager

to organize resources, enforce standards, and protect critical assets from deletion.

Azure Database Migration service

uses the Microsoft Data Migration Assistant to generate assessment reports that provide recommendations to help guide you through required changes prior to performing a migration. Once you assess and perform any remediation required, you're ready to begin the migration process. The Azure Database Migration Service performs all of the required steps. You just change the connection string in your apps.