Middle Ages Quiz 1: Feudalism, The Church, and Medieval Life

What were the responsibilities of peasants in a feudal system?

-worked the land -couldn't leave manor, own property , or marry without consent of their lord -their labor freed lords and knights to spend time preparing for war or fighting. -raised crops and tended livestock -required to grind their grain at the lords mill

What were the responsibilities of peasants in a feudal system?

-worked the land -raised crops and tended livestock -required to grind their grain at the lords mill

What was an Act of Homage?

A ceremony in which a tie between a lord and vassal was made official.

Describe a guild and the three steps you need to take to join.

A guild is a group of workers who specialize in the same craft. At age 12, a boy or girl became an apprentice. A master of trade housed, protected, trained, and fed them. After around seven years, an apprentice had to create a "master piece" to prove to the guild that they mastered their trade. If the guild approves, they either set up their own business or become a journeyman. Most would become journeyman because guild owners didn't want competition.

What was the relationship between a Lord and a Vassal?

A lord gave a vassal land in return for their service and loyalty.

What was dubbing?

Dubbing was a ceremony that awarded a Squire the position of a Knight. A Squire kneeled and promised to defend the Church and his lord and protect the weak. The lord tapped the Squire's shoulders and pronounced him Knight. Then the sword was placed on the Knights side (on a scabbard, or sword holder) to show a Knight would be by the lord's side in battle.

Explain two advances in education during the middle ages.

For example, his concept of natural law stated that there was an order built into nature that could guide people's thinking about right and wrong.

How did Thomas Aquinas bring together ancient philosophy and Christian theology?

For example, his concept of natural law stated that there was an order built into nature that could guide people's thinking about right and wrong.

What was the difference between Freemen and Serfs?

Freeman: - Paid the noble for the right to farm land - Worked only on their own strips of land - Had rights under the law - Moved wherever and whenever they wished - Nobles could throw them out without warning Serfs: - A noble's property - Could not move to other areas - Could not marry without the noble's permission - Did not have to serve in the army - Could not be driven off land

What contributed to the growth of towns in Europe?

Improved farming methods and the revival of trade with the east contributed to the growth of towns.

Is feudalism good or bad?

It was good because it provided for everyone and people were guaranteed what they got in their own class, but it was bad because land could be taken from lower classes and there was no way to move up in classes or advance in the system. People were stuck where they were, so only the ideas of the rich could be used, which may not have been the best.

What responsibilities did knights have in a feudal system?

Knights were mounted diversion the feudal system and were expected to loyal to their church and lord. They also had to follow the

What was the goal of the Crusades?

Merchants wanted to make money, people who did not inherit land tried to get it, the Kings and church wanted to get rid of knights that were always fighting with each other, and the pope wanted to take the Holy Land away from the Muslims.

Where did monarchs get their power?

Monarchs believed in the "divine right to kings," which meant that God gave them the right to rule.

Describe the lives and responsibilities of noblewomen (or ladies).

Most noblewomen were forced into marriage by the age of twelve. Their husbands had complete control over them. The bride's family gave the groom a dowry. They helped run their estates and defend the castle when their husband was gone, but their main jobs were to have and raise children, take care of the household. They also trained young girls from other castles in the household and used plants and herbs to care for the poor and sick on their husband's fief.

Describe the Code of Chivalry and list all seven rules.

The Code of Chivalry was a list of rules all knights were expected to follow that became the basis for common western manners. 1. A knight must obey his lord 2. A knight must show bravery 3. A knight must respect women of noble birth 4. A knight must honor the Church 5. A knight must help people 6. A knight must be honest 7. A knight must fight fairly against his enemies

Why did the rise of towns help to bring an end to Feudalism?

The English common law created and strengthened, which went against feudalism. After the major losses of the bubonic plague, the common people gained power because of the need for workers to rebuild because it gave them job opportunities which made them wealthier. Monarchs were strengthened and the need of nobles and knights was reduced.

Why did the rise of towns help to bring an end to Feudalism?

The English common law went against Feudalism and was created. Common people gained power because people were lost in the bubonic plague so they had more open work opportunities. Monarchs were strengthened and the need of nobles and knights was reduced.

How did guilds help their members and the families of their members?

They provided care for them when they were sick or anything bad happened to them.

How did guilds help their members and the families of their members?

They provided money and care for them when they were sick or anything bad happened to them.

How was a town able to become independent of a feudal lord?

They would have to purchase a royal charter.

What is the meaning and background of the phrase "bridging the gap between faith and reason"?

Thomas Aquinas wrote logical arguments in support of his faith to show how reason and religious belief worked together.

What are some of the popular destinations of pilgrims for pilgrimages?

To seek wealth, adventure, or to guarantee their salvation.

Why did pilgrims go on pilgrimages?

To seek wealth, adventure, or to guarantee their salvation.

Why did people undertake pilgrimages during the Middle Ages?

To show their devotion to God.

Where were towns in medieval Europe often located, and why?

Towns were often located next to rivers, which made trade easier.

Why is William the Conqueror considered an important monarch?

William defeated his cousin Harold and established a line of Norman kings in England, bringing feudalism with him. Feudalism brought stability and order to England.

Describe a castle and list at least 5 parts.

Castles were stones houses designed as fortresses that securely housed nobles. - great hall - dungeon - lookout tower - kitchen/bedrooms/shops/etc. - archers

Describe a castle and list at least 5 parts.

Castles were stones houses designed as fortresses that securely housed nobles. Each corner of the castle had a lookout tower and archers. Some castles had a moat and drawbridge. Inside a castle there was an open area with a keep, which contained a great hall, many rooms, and a dungeon. Shops, kitchens, stables, and rooms for troops and guest were built outside of the keep, but still in the castle walls.

What were some of the difficulties or challenges of being a peasant or surf?

Their lives revolved around work, they were allowed to be taxed high amounts, and land could be taken from the easily.

What were some of the ways in which people in the Middle Ages celebrated religious holidays?

They had off from work, they had parades with jugglers, dancers, and musicians, at feasts at church, and they enjoyed entertainment such as animal baiting.