Midterm - Chapter 1, 3, 6, 8, 9

communication is ongoing and continuous

"Communication is a process" means that a. communication has clear beginning and ending points. b. communication resembles still pictures more than motion pictures. c. communication is ongoing and continuous. d. communication consists of discrete and separate acts.

self-fulfilling prophecy

"Our thoughts not only reveal what we are; they predict what we will become."—'Tozer. This quotation seems to be most closely related to the concept of a. sympathy. b. empathy. c. attribution. d. self-fulfilling prophecy.

openness-privacy

"We tell each other everything," declares on couple. Another says, "We think it's healthier to keep some things to ourselves." Together, they illustrate the dialectic of _______________. a. Connecting-differentiating b. Predictability-novelty c. Avoiding-terminating d. Openness-privacy

perception check

"When I see the crumbs all over the counter and dishes stacked in the sink, I don't know if you've got a big exam and have been too busy studying to clean up or if you have time but are hoping that I'll just clean up. What's the reason?" This is an example of a a. significant other. b. perceived self. c. perception check. d. reflected appraisal.

Content message; relational message

"You are crazy if you think that," Torie says to Bradley, then gives him an affectionate hug and kiss on the cheek. Her words make up the ________, but her true meaning is clarified by the __________, which suggests that she means what she says in an affectionate way. a. Content message; relational message b. Linear message; curvilinear message c. Relational message; content message d. Top message; bottom message

self-concept

1. A set of relatively stable perceptions that each of us holds about ourselves is called ____________. a. Self-esteem b. Self-image c. Self-disclosure d. Self-concept

relational

A _____________ message explicitly on the subject being discussed. a. Relational b. Content c. Specific d. Focused

False

A communication climate is determined by the amount of talk that exists in a relationship.

description of the behavior in question

A complete assertive message has five parts beginning with a ____________. a. description of your feelings b. description of the behavior in question c. statement of your intentions d. description of the consequences

refers to less involvement and greater withdrawal

A de-escalatory conflict spiral a. refers to a positive, nondestructive climate. b. involves intense fights. c. refers to less involvement and greater withdrawal. d. produces greater involvement in the relationship.

False

A decision by consensus means a vote of 51% or more.

an altruistic lie

A friend asks you, "Do these shoes look too casual for the restaurant?" You think they should be dressier, but you're already in the the restaurant, so you just say, "They're fine." Which of the following best describes your statement? a. A relational lie b. A fake lie c. An altruistic lie d. A common lie

committee

A group decision by minority often refers to a decision by a. a group of rabble rousers. b. committee. c. a small group of external experts. d. autocratic leaders.

False

A perception check is a way for you to get others to understand your point of view.

will usually speak directly and assertively

A person from a low-context culture a. will likely hint at a problem rather than come right out and speak of it. b. will usually speak directly and assertively. c. will usually not say "no" in direct response to another person's request. d. will not risk embarrassing the other person by direct talk.

external

A plane flying overhead and interfering with your conversation is an example of __________ noise. a. external b. physiological c. psychological d. All of these are correct.

All of these conditions can be problematic in groups

A problem that may occur in groups with regard to roles is that a. an important informal role is not filled. b. several people vie for a particular role. c. one or more people act out a certain role when the situation doesn't require it. d. All of these conditions can be problematic in groups.

contact hypothesis

A proposition based on evidence that prejudice tends to diminish when people have personal contact with those they might otherwise stereotype is called the _____________. a. Conflict Hypothesis b. Contact Hypothesis c. Friend/Foe Hypothesis d. Gender Diversity Hypothesis

nonassertion

Accommodation and avoidance are both forms of a. assertion. b. nonassertion. c. crazymaking. d. passive aggression.

False

According the text, there is little research to suggest a connection between communication skills and physical health.

social

According to Edward T. Hall, the distance at which most mainstream North American business is conducted is called a. intimate. b. personal. c. social. d. public.

physical attractiveness has social and economic advantages

According to research cited in the text, a. physical attractiveness has social and economic advantages. b. preschoolers seemed to like unattractive children more than attractive ones. c. teachers rated unattractive students as more intelligent and friendly than attractive ones. d. the longer we know someone, the more important that person's clothing is to our impressions of them.

escalatory spiral

After a communication climate is formed, it can take on a life of its own and grow in a reciprocating communication pattern in which each person's messages reinforce the others'. This is called a(n) ____________. a. controlling message b. avoidance spiral c. escalatory spiral d. directly aggressive message

organization

After focusing on particular information in our environment, we arrange it in a meaningful way to make sense of things. This occurs in the ____________ stage of perception. a. Organization b. Veracity c. Proxemic d. Pragmatist

Johari window

After many years of journaling, you are still searching for answers about yourself. You stumble upon the ___________, which challenges you to consider, in a systematic way, everything you know about yourself and everything others know about you. a. Johari Window b. Joseph Window c. Ingham Squares d. Luft Lights

terminating

After may debates, you and your partner have decided to end the relationship. You are in the _____________ stage in the developmental model a. Intensifying b. Control c. Experimenting d. Terminating

differentiating

After moving in with your significant other, you find yourself searching for space. You feel as though you need to re-establish your individual identity. You are in the ______________ stage in the developmental model, at least temporarily. a. Affinity b. Circumscribing c. Bonding d. Differentiating

Affirming words; acts of service

Amy send Trina encouraging texts throughout the day. Trina shovels the snow away from Amy's care when it is socked in. Amy's tests fall within the love language of _____________ and Trina's shovelling represents the love language of _____________. a. Quality time; gifts b. Affirming words; touch c. Affirming words; acts of service d. Touch; gifts

can be used to convey very different meanings, depending on the culture

An emblem a. has only one commonly accepted cultural meaning-it is the same in all cultures. b. can be used to convey very different meanings, depending on the culture. c. rarely holds communication value or is given meaning by anyone. d. is considered a complementing gesture.

All of these are correct

An example of self-monitoring is a. videotaping your practice interview b. carrying a checklist to remind you of some skills to practice c. paying attention to the sound of your voice d. All of these are correct.

Communication is transactional and relational

An instructor is lively and joking in a class in which students come prepared and always do more than the assigned work. The same instructor is strict and unyielding in a class that tries to slide by with minimal work and comes without having read assignments. Although this is the same instructor, the communication behavior illustrates which concept? a. All communication is equally effective and competent. b. Communication is linear. c. communication is static. d. Communication is transactional and relational.

noise

Any force that interferes with effective communication is known as ____________. a. feedback b. noise c. channel d. message

False

Any time you are surrounded by other people, you are part of at least one group.

whose opinion matters to you

As it is used in this text, a significant other is always someone a. with whom you have a romantic involvement. b. whose opinion matters to you. c. whom you have known since childhood. d. who holds the job you aspire to.

metacommunication

As soon as you answer a phone call from your mom, you notice her tense tone of voice. When you say, "It sounds like you're angry at me," you are engaging in ________________. a. Metacommunication b. Self-disclosure c. The matching hypothesis d. A one-across pattern

social media

Because ____________ can be overwhelming, some people declare "holidays" in order to take a break. a. Mass media b. Public speaking c. Organizational communication d. Social media

nonassertion

Both avoidance and accommodation are forms of which type of approach to conflict? a. Direct aggression b. Passive aggression c. Indirect communication d. Nonassertion

all of the above

Common love languages include: a. Affirming words b. Quality time c. Acts of service d. All of the above

False

Common perceptual errors often distort our perception of others but have little impact on our communication with others.

achieving one's goals in a manner that, ideally, maintains and enhances the relationship in which it occurs

Communication competence involves ____________. a. senders and receivers having the exact interpretation of a message b. only communication that occurs face-to-face c. achieving one's goals in a manner that, ideally, maintains and enhances the relationship in which it occurs d. putting forth the least amount of effort necessary to get your message across

to; with

Communication isn't something we do ____________ others; rather, it is something we do ____________ them. a. with; to b. for; without c. without; to d. to; with

True

Conflict exists when there is expressed struggle, interdependence, perceived incompatible goals, scarce rewards, and interference with goals.

dialectical tensions

Conflicts that arise when two opposing or incompatible forces exist simultaneously are known as ____________. a. Paralanguage b. Metacommunication c. dialectical tensions d. equivocal Language

passive aggression

Crazymaking is synonymous with a. assertion. b. nonassertion. c. indirect communication. d. passive aggression.

All of these are correct

Culture often influences people's perception of a. the amount of talk considered appropriate. b. the value placed on silence. c. whether direct disagreement is seen as positive or negative. d. All of these are correct.

True

Culture teaches us how to perceive and strongly influences our interpretation of nonverbal behavior.

two people

Dyadic communication involves ____________. a. one person b. two people c. a small group d. a large group

True

Effective communicators choose from a variety of behaviors.

False

Empathy and sympathy are essentially the same.

All of the above

Empathy involves which of the following dimensions: a. Perspective talking b. Emotional experience c. Genuine concern d. All of the above

sympathy

Feeling compassion for another person's predicament is known as: a. Attribution b. Reflected appraisal c. Empathy d. Sympathy

True

Gatekeepers serve a vital communication function in a wheel network.

Both a and c are correct

Group norms are best identified by a. observing the habits of members. b. reading the by-laws. c. noting how members are punished for behaviors. d. Both a and c are correct.

crazymaking

Guiltmakers, jokers, trivial tyrannizers, and withholders are all engaged in behaviors called a. assertion. b. nonassertion. c. crazymaking. d. indirect communication.

pay attention to their own behavior and how their behavior affects others

High self-monitors have the ability to a. pay attention to their own behavior and how their behavior affects others. b. express their minds without concern for others' reactions. c. ignore peer pressure and behave as they please. d. show their feelings without worrying about the impression it creates.

False

If you are very good at a particular communication skill, you should probably use that skill in most situations, rather than trying to use new skills for various contexts.

affinity

If you give your friend a hug goodbye and sincerely say, "I was so glad to see you today," this is an example of: a. Closeness b. Affinity c. Respect d. Immediacy

metacommunication

If you say to your partner, "We need to talk about our communication," this is known as: a. Metacommunication b. Relational messages c. Disclosure d. None of the above

stagnating

In Knapp's developmental model of relationship maintenance, the ____________ stage couples may behave in unfeeling ways toward each other. a. circumscribing b. terminating c. differentiating d. stagnating

differentiating

In Knapp's developmental model of relationship maintenance, the ____________ stage may show couples that they have needs that are not in sync with each other. a. circumscribing b. terminating c. differentiating d. stagnating

intensifying

In Knapp's developmental model of relationship maintenance, the ____________ stage represents a time of strong emotions and a higher level of intimacy. a. integrating b. initiating c. intensifying d. experimenting

leaders are readily accepted and respected

In a society with high power distance, a. leaders are readily accepted and respected. b. group members are not likely to feel that they need a leader. c. group members expect leaders to act like equals to all. d. All of these are correct.

All of these are correct

In a wheel network, the gatekeeper a. may distort messages to the detriment of the group. b. may facilitate communication between members with strained relations. c. is usually easily available and accessible to all members. d. All of these are correct.

empathy

In her book, First Ladies, Margaret Truman writes of a letter that Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis wrote to Nancy Reagan following the attempted assassination of then-President Reagan. Onassis knew "better than any living former First Lady, the terror and grief and anguish such an experience evokes." It seems that Jackie communicated so well because she demonstrated a. empathy. b. facework. c. self-serving bias. d. sympathy.

someone who is insincere, lacking knowledge, and impolite

In many Asian cultures being very talkative, speaking directly even when you disagree with a person, and not allowing much silence in a conversation would likely be regarded as a. a very positive sign of a cultured person. b. a sign of a very intelligent, knowledgeable person. c. someone who is insincere, lacking knowledge, and impolite. d. a person who wants to get ahead in his or her society.

All of these are correct

In most situations, competent communicators will a. be able to choose from a wide range of behaviors. b. demonstrate empathy. c. employ self-monitoring behaviors. d. All of these are correct.

False

In order for "expressed struggle" to exist, the struggle must be verbalized.

True

In trying to make sense out of nonverbal behavior, it is best to think of nonverbal behaviors as clues to check out rather than absolute facts.

collectivist

In which type of culture would assertiveness most likely be perceived as rude? a. Individualistic b. Multigenerational c. Collectivist d. Low-context

interpersonal

Interaction between people who are part of a close and irreplaceable relationship where they treat each other as unique individuals is known as _____________ communication. a. Public b. Dyadic c. Intrapersonal d. interpersonal

unique individuals

Interpersonal communication occurs when people treat one another as ___________. a. Coworkers b. Acquaintances c. Unique individuals d. Neighbors

conversational narcissism

Interruptions or lack of encouragement are hallmarks of which faulty listening behavior? a. Defensive listening b. Pseudolistening c. Insensitive listening d. Conversational narcissism

intrapersonal communication

Journaling (keeping a private journal in which you write down your feelings and thoughts with the intention that only you will read it) is an example of a. dyadic communication. b. intrapersonal communication. c. mass communication. d. interpersonal communication.

Includes all of the above

Kinesics a. includes gestures. b. includes eye contact. c. includes facial expressions. d. includes all of the above.

False

Linear models offer the best hope for understanding the complexity of communication.

selective listening

Listeners who respond only to the parts of the speaker's message that interest them are engaging in which type of faulty listening behavior? a. Pseudolistening b. Insulated listening c. Selective listening d. Defensive listening

False

Majority rule decisions are usually of higher quality than any other kind of decision.

territoriality

Marking your spot at a library or restaurant table by leaving a sweater and backpack illustrates a type of a. territoriality. b. chronemics. c. paralanguage. d. emblem use.

perception

Maslow wrote, "If the only tool you have is a hammer, you tend to treat everything as if it were a nail." This statement illustrates the importance of a. attributions. b. perception. c. facework. d. impression management.

None of the above

Mass media is less personal because: a. It targets specific populations who watch television or listen to the radio. b. It has commercials. c. It is aimed at a widespread audience. d. None of the above.

True

Mediated communication offers fewer cues about others than you get in face-to-face interaction

confirming responses

Messages that say "you exist," "you matter," and "you are important" are called ____________. a. confirming responses b. disconfirming responses c. communication climate d. self-fulfilling prophecies

False

Most nonverbal messages are deliberate and intentional.

socialization

Most theorists believe that gender differences in conflict style stem from a. biology/heredity. b. parental influence. c. school and society. d. socialization.

indifferent

Neutrality, as used by Gibb, is closest to a. mean-spirited. b. unplanned. c. indifferent. d. fair.

proximity

On the first day of class, you notice the person seated next to you. Then you run into the same person in the bookstore and the library. In many cases, __________ of this sort allows us to learn about each other and can lead to relationship development. a. Appearance b. Proximity c. Competence d. Affinity

interpret

Once we select and organize perceptions, the next step is to _____________ them in a way that makes sense. a. Organize b. Interpret c. Understand d. Select

narratives

Once we select and organize perceptions, the next step is to _____________ them in a way that makes sense. a. Organize b. Interpret c. Understand d. Select

usually deliberate

One difference between verbal and nonverbal communication is that verbal communication is a. more multidimensional. b. usually continuous. c. more ambiguous. d. usually deliberate.

small talk

One of the characteristics of Knapp's experimenting stage is ____________. a. merging social circles b. small talk c. increased commitment d. initial contact

sociogram

One way to visually see who speaks to whom and how often is to construct a a. sociogram. b. role research diagram. c. chain network. d. collectivistic culture.

identity management

Our _____________ is defined by the way we dress, act, and speak so others can understand us better. a. prudence b. identity management c. plurality d. logical reasoning

the vocal messages of pitch, rate, and loudness

Paralanguage refers to a. the words spoken. b. the various meanings in different languages. c. the vocal messages of pitch, rate, and loudness. d. languages passed on from parent to child.

All of the above

People spend time communicating for the following reason: a. Identity management b. Social connection c. Relationship management d. All of the above

a statement of intent—how you will treat the person in the future

Perception checks include all EXCEPT a. description of behavior observed. b. a request for clarification. c. a statement of intent—how you will treat the person in the future. d. the use of objective words to describe behavior.

Both a and c are correct

Practicing the communication behaviors Gibb labels supportive, rather than those labeled defensive, a. increases the chance of a constructive relationship. b. increases the chance of more positive relationship if it is already positive but decreases the chances of a positive relationship if it is already defensive. c. increases the chances of you feeling better about yourself with regard to this relationship. d. Both a and c are correct.

True

Research indicates that when people perceive inconsistencies between verbal and nonverbal messages, they usually believe the nonverbal one.

paraphrasing

Restating in your own words the message you thought the speaker had just sent is called ____________. a. questioning b. paraphrasing c. taking notes d. evaluating

True

Role fixation is exemplified by a group in which a person enacts the same role in the group regardless of whether it is needed or functional for that context.

All of these are correcT

Smiling a lot to convince people you are friendly, nodding to appear interested, and dressing to look professional are all types of nonverbal behavior that could be used for a. identity management. b. defining the relationship. c. expressing attitudes and feelings. d. All of these are correct.

facework

Sociologist Erving Goffman coined the term ____________ to describe the verbal and nonverbal ways we act to maintain our own presenting image and the images of others. a. Face b. Identity management c. Facework d. Sympathy

True

Some examples of computer-mediated communication such as e-mail and IMing illustrate that quality communication can occur online.

Being-oriented versus doing-oriented

Some friends spend time going to special events or pursue interests together, and other friends just talk and enjoy hanging out. This is known as: a. Low obligation versus high obligation b. Being-oriented versus doing-oriented c. Frequent contact versus occasional contact d. None of the above

True

Some nonverbal messages are vocal.

attribution

Some of the biggest problems that interfere with understanding and agreement arise from errors in the process of attaching meaning to behavior. This process is known as ____________. a. Self-serving bias b. Attribution c. Empathy d. Stereotyping

honesty

Spontaneity, as used by Gibb, is closest to a. spur-of-the-moment. b. unplanned. c. honesty. d. uncaring.

contempt

Statements that ridicule or belittle another person are what kind of disconfirming message? a. Contempt b. Criticism c. Stonewalling d. Defensiveness

win-win

Susan needs to be at class from 6 to 9 p.m. Demetri needs to be at a meeting from 6:30 to 8:30 the same night. They have only one car. If Demetri drops Susan off at class and picks her up, so both get to be where they need to be, and it works better for Susan not to have to park in a student parking lot far from the class, this solution could be called a. win-win. b. win-lose. c. compromise. d. lose-lose.

stand for something other than themselves

Symbols a. stand for something other than themselves. b. represent ideas, but not people, things, or events. c. mean exactly the same thing to various people. d. are not arbitrary; all symbols have logical reasons for their existence.

bonding

The _____________ stage in a relationship has some form of communicating to the world that this is a relationship meant to last. a. Integrating b. Differentiating c. Bonding d. Experimenting

contact

The _______________ hypothesis proposes that prejudice tends to diminish when we have personal contact with people we might otherwise stereotype. a. Closeness b. Racism c. Contact d. Understanding

All of these are correct

The best decision-making method depends on a. the culture. b. the importance of the decision. c. the amount of time available. d. All of these are correct.

Things others know, but you don't know about you

The blind area of the Johari Window includes which aspects of yourself? a. Things both you and others know about you b. Things you know, but others don't know about you c. Things others know, but you don't know about you d. Things neither you nor others know about you

the emotional tone of the relationship

The communication climate refers to ____________. a. the temperature of the room in which you are communicating b. the emotional tone of the relationship c. how willing you are to communicate with others d. the geographical region in which you are communicating

in predominantly European or American work environments

The conflict resolution method and assertive message skills taught in this chapter would work well for someone communicating a. in Asian cultures. b. among Latin Americans. c. in predominantly European or American work environments. d. All of these are correct.

listening fidelity

The degree of congruence between what a listener understands and the message a sender is attempting to communicate is known as ____________. a. interpreting b. attending c. listening fidelity d. residual message

respect

The degree to which we admire others and hold them in esteem is know as ___________. a. Respect b. Control c. Immediacy d. Affinity

conflict

The expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce resources, and interference from the other parties in achieving their goals is known as ____________. a. conflict b. communication c. language d. spiral

remembering

The final step in the listening process is ____________. a. attending b. understanding c. responding d. remembering

identifying your problem and unmet needs

The first step in win-win problem-solving is ____________. a. making a date to discuss the conflict with your partner b. soliciting your partner's unmet needs c. identifying your problem and unmet needs d. negotiating a solution

Things you know, but others don't know about you

The hidden area of the Johari Window includes which aspects of your self? a. Things both you and others know about you b. Things you know, but others don't know about you c. Things others know, but you don't know about you d. Things neither you nor others know about you

physological

The instructor dislikes the music group pictured on your shirt. Her attitude toward the group and its impact on her attitude toward you is an example of _______________ noise. a. external b. physiological c. psychological d. All of these are correct.

immediacy

The level of engagement, or degree that the communicator is interested and involved with you, is known as _______________. a. Closeness b. Affinity c. Respect d. Immediacy

It takes a great deal of time

The major drawback of decision by consensus is a. it's undemocratic. b. full participation in decision-making decreases commitment to support the decision. c. it is impossible to use expert opinion. d. it takes a great deal of time.

permissive

The parenting style in which the parents do not require children to follow many rules is called ______________. a. Authoritarian b. Authoritative c. Permissive d. Dictatorship

All of these are correct

The perceptual error of being influenced by the most obvious stimuli refers to stimuli that is a. intense. b. repetitious. c. contrasting. d. All of these are correct.

interaction with others

The primary way we develop our self-concepts is through a. reflections during our solitude. b. interaction with others. c. religious beliefs. d. building defenses against unwanted experiences.

self-monitoring

The process of paying close attention to one's behavior and using these observations to shape the way one behaves is known as ____________. a. self-monitoring b. cognitive complexity c. commitment d. empathy

presenting self

The public image you create to present to others, one that is socially approved, is known as ____________. a. Ideal self b. Desired self c. Perceived self d. Presenting self

is situational

The same behavior in two different contexts may be perceived as competent in one setting and incompetent in another. This situation best illustrates the concept that communication competence a. involves choosing inappropriate behavior. b. involves conflict. c. requires cognitive complexity. d. is situational.

residual message

The small fraction of what we hear that is actually remembered is known as the _____________: a. Response b. Residual message c. Important message d. None of the above

judging ourselves more charitably

The social science term "self-serving bias" is most closely related to which common perceptual error? a. judging ourselves more charitably b. being influenced by the most obvious stimuli c. clinging to first impressions d. assuming others are similar to us

intensifying

The stage of Knapp's relationship modelwhere truly interpersonal relationships begin to develop is ____________. a. Terminating b. Initiating c. Circumscribing d. Intensifying

includes none of these

The way the term "communication" is used in this text a. includes all human, animal, and mechanical communication. b. includes communion, as used in a religious sense. c. includes radio and television programming. d. includes none of these.

self-fulfilling prophecy

Two parents believe that their child is a great athlete; they buy him the best equipment, pay for special coaching and camps, and praise his efforts. He becomes a skilled athlete. That scenario is typical of which concept? a. self-fulfilling prophecy b. empathy c. attribution d. significant other

both b and c

Two people speak Spanish as a first language and English as a second. With regard to this trait, one has been made fun of for her accent, was punished by teachers in elementary school for speaking Spanish, and feels inferior. The other has always been praised by teachers and family for speaking two languages; she is happy when coworkers call upon her to translate, and feels proud and accomplished because she is bilingual. With regard to the Latinas' self-concepts, this example illustrates a. that having the same traits results in the same or similar self-concepts. b. that self-concept consists not only of the traits we possess, but also of the significance we attach to them. c. that reflected appraisal helps to shape self-concept.

symbolic interaction

Unlike dogs and other animals, people create meaning through ____________. a. detached interaction b. discontinuous pluralism c. syntactic pluralism d. symbolic interaction

False

Unlike verbal messages, which use many words at once, nonverbal communication utilizes only one channel at a time.

prompting

Using silences and brief statements of encouragement to draw others out is called ____________. a. prompting b. analyzing c. reflecting d. taking notes

have a low power distance

Usually members of individualistic cultures a. have a low power distance. b. have high uncertainty avoidance. c. be collectivistic. d. have high social orientation.

produce and reward "stars"

Usually members of individualistic cultures a. produce and reward "stars." b. find consensus easy to achieve. c. see their primary loyalty to groups. d. are found in Asian and Latin American cultures.

to secure information necessary to get a job done

What is the goal of task-oriented listening? a. To secure information necessary to get a job done b. To emotionally connect with others c. To explore an issue from a variety of perspectives in order to fully understand it d. To assess the quality of a topic

judging ourselves more charitably.

When John's car, which had been left unlocked in front of his home, was stolen, Mary said, "He should have known better. He should lock his car." When Mary's car was subsequently stolen, also unlocked and in front of her home, Mary said, "The police aren't doing their job protecting us. We should be safe in our own neighborhoods. They need to be tougher on crime." Mary's statements about the two thefts indicate which perceptual error?

self-disclosure

When a group of your friends gets together to talk about the date you had last night, you proclaim "I don't have any secrets" which is an example of _____________. a. Metacommunication b. Relational Message c. Self-Disclosure d. Phubbing

Openness versus privacy

When a partner wants to keep some thoughts and experiences to themselves, they may experience the ___________ dialect. a. Connection versus autonomy b. Openness versus privacy c. Predictability versus novelty d. Stability versus change

Connection versus autonomy

When couples have conflicting desires for togetherness and independence, this is known as the __________________ dialect. 1. Connection versus autonomy 2. Predictability versus novelty 3. Openness versus privacy 4. Stability versus change

perfect

When it comes to building a relationship, we like people who are attractive and talented, but we are uncomfortable around those who are too __________. a. Beautiful/Handsome b. Egotistic c. Perfect d. Happy

Predictability versus novelty

When relationships become too familiar and partners struggle with the lack of excitement, this represents the ______________ dialect. a. Connection versus autonomy b. Openness versus privacy c. Predictability versus novelty d. Stability versus change

advising

When someone shares a concern with you and you offer a solution, this is known as which type of response: a. Advising b. Supportive c. Relational d. Analytical

All of these represent differing environments

When we say that communicators occupy different environments, we mean that a. one might be rich and one poor. b. one might be from China and one from the U.S. c. one might be retired with time on her hands, while one is rushing to meet family and career demands with never enough time. d. All of these represent differing environments.

choose the best order for your particular situation and goal

When you use an assertive message, the text stresses that you a. put the message in the order given in the text. b. put intentions first so you're not seen as manipulative. c. choose the best order for your particular situation and goal. d. keep each element in a separate sentence.

accenting

Which function of communication is illustrated when a person rolls his or her eyes while making a negative comment about another? a. substituting b. accenting c. regulating d. contradicting

It is possible not to communicate nonverbally

Which is NOT a principle of nonverbal communication? a. Communication occurs even when language is not used. b. It is possible not to communicate nonverbally. c. Nonverbal communication is ambiguous. d. Nonverbal communication is culture bound.

It ensures that communicators can always get what they want

Which is NOT true of assertive communication? a. It expresses feelings clearly and directly. b. It does not judge or dictate to others. c. It treats others with respect and dignity. d. It ensures that communicators can always get what they want.

individuals who interact over time

Which is an essential part of the definition of a group? a. individuals who interact verbally b. individuals who interact face to face c. individuals who interact over time d. individuals who number at least five

All of these are correct

Which is true? a. Environments influence the kind of communication that takes place there. b. A particular environment can communicate the type of relationship desired. c. Environments can be designed to increase or decrease interaction. d. All of these are correct.

gatekeeper

Which network is described in this scenario? Jane stays at her desk and by her phone most of the workday. When others leave, they usually tell her. When Marcy is trying to reach Juan, but Juan is away from his desk, Marcy asks Jane to give Juan a message when he returns. Since Jane can see the other desks and is frequently asked to relay messages, she is illustrating the function of a. chain network. b. sociogram. c. gatekeeper. d. collectivistic orientation.

chain

Which network is represented in the following diagram?Driver---Dispatcher---Terminal manager----General manager a. wheel b. chain c. all-channel d. y-channel

engaging talks

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the five common love languages? a. Affirming Words b. Engaging Talks c. Gifts d. Physical Touch

examine the speaker's evidence and reasoning

Which of the following is a guideline for listening critically? a. Listen for unexpressed thoughts and feelings. b. Encourage further comments. c. Separate the message from the speaker. d. Examine the speaker's evidence and reasoning.

gatekeeping

Which of the following is not considered a decision-making method? a. gatekeeping b. consensus c. majority rule d. authority rule

social exchange theory

Which of the following suggests we often seek out people who can give us rewards that are greater than or equal to the costs we encounter in dealing with them? a. Communication competence b. Perception checking c. Social exchange theory d. Metacommunication

All of these are correct

Which of these factors should be considered when one is trying to make sense out of ambiguous nonverbal behavior? a. context b. history of the relationship c. the other's mood d. All of these are correct.

pseudolistening

Which of these is NOT a confirming response? a. praise b. compliment c. pseudolistening d. acknowledging

job sharing/flex time

Which of these is NOT typical of a win-lose style? a. courts awarding sole custody to one parent when both had wanted custody of a child b. the World Series or Super Bowl c. political elections d. job sharing/flex time

Employees are rarely late for appointments with their supervisors, although supervisors may be late without penalties

Which of these is a chronemic message that indicates status? a. Bosses dress more formally than employees. b. A person conducting an interview is usually conveying a less rigid posture than the person being interviewed. c. Students sit far apart at library tables to indicate their wish to study, not converse. d. Employees are rarely late for appointments with their supervisors, although supervisors may be late without penalties.

All of these are correct

Which of these is dyadic communication? a. two sisters arguing b. a husband and wife making plans for the weekend c. a coach and player discussing last week's game d. All of these are correct.

"The recent budget fiasco could have been prevented by better statistical analysis."

Which of these statements almost always requires verbal communication and would be difficult to express nonverbally? a. "I'm tired and bored." b. "The party is exciting to me, and I'm enjoying it." c. "The recent budget fiasco could have been prevented by better statistical analysis." d. "I'm in love with you and want to be near you."

Quadrant 4 Unknown Area

Which quadrant of the Johari Widow represents information that is unknown to both you and others? a. Quadrant 1 Open Area b. Quadrant 2 Blind Area c. Quadrant 3 Hidden Area d. Quadrant 4 Unknown Area

It is situational

Which statement is accurate regarding communication competence? a. It is situational. b. You either have it or you don't. c. For any situation, there is one ideal way to communicate. d. Competence requires meeting one goal at the expense of another.

False

While culture and gender influence speech patterns, researchers have not found any gender or culture differences with regard to how persons view and handle conflict.

Calling attention to relational dynamics may expose vulnerabilities

Why can metacommunication be risky? a. Calling attention to relational dynamics may expose vulnerabilities b. A person might continue unfavorable behavior once it's called out to them. c. New problems may surface in the relationship d. None of the above

False

Win-win is the most widely used method of conflict resolution in our society.

Touch can communicate various messages ranging from aggression to affection

With regard to touch, which is true? a. Babies have never died from lack of touch. b. Touch is related to physical functioning but not mental functioning. c. Touch seems to decrease people's compliance with requests. d. Touch can communicate various messages ranging from aggression to affection.

quality time

You and your girlfriend/boyfriend love to work on putting puzzles together and then framing it to hang on the wall. Since you both enjoy doing this, both of you would have what love language? a. Affirming Words b. Quality time c. Acts of service d. Gifts

All of these are correct

You can be a more valuable group member if you a. look for missing roles; figure out what's not being done. b. fill or encourage others to fill missing roles. c. avoid dysfunctional roles. d. All of these are correct.

physiological

You have an auditory processing difficulty and cannot always understand directions when they are spoken too quickly. You experience _____________ noise. a. external b. physiological c. psychological d. All of these are correct.

altruistic

You told your friend that you loved her haircut, even though you didn't find it flattering. This is known as a/an ______________ lie. a. Altruistic b. Self-serving c. Evasions d. Stability versus change

No single person or event causes a reaction

Your friend asks to borrow your car. Recently, you've had car problems and have been bombarded by other friends for requests to use your car. You're not feeling well and just want to go home. You respond angrily to your friend's request, although on other occasions this particular friend has borrowed your car with no problems. Your reaction this time best illustrates which principle? a. Communication will not solve all problems. b. No single person or event causes a reaction. c. Communication does not always require understanding. d. More communication is not always better.

authoritative

__________ parents are firm, clear, and strict, but they encourage children to communicate openly with them. 1. Permissive 2. Authoritarian 3. Authoritative 4. None of the above

authoritarian

__________ parents are strict and demanding, and they expect unquestioning obedience. a. Permissive b. Authoritarian c. Authoritative d. None of the above

permissive

__________ parents would not have strict rules around curfews. 1. Permissive 2. Authoritarian 3. Authoritative 4. None of the above

apathetic

__________ siblings communicate on special occasions, such as holidays or weddings, or rarely at all. a. longing b. supportive c. competitive d. apathetic

longing

__________ siblings interact less frequently and with less depth than they would like. a. supportive b. longing c. competitive d. hostile

power

____________ is the distinguishing characteristics in win-lose problem-solving. a. Patience b. Empathy c. Indirect aggression d. Power

reflected appraisal

____________ refers to how we develop an image of ourselves from the way we think others view us. a. Reflected appraisal b. Self-esteem c. Social comparison d. Significant others

relational dialectics

_____________ suggests that partners in every close relationship constantly seed a balance between opposing forces such as togetherness versus independence, sharing versus privacy, and comfortable routines versus new adventures. a. Johari Window b. Relational Dialectics c. Interpersonal Communication d. Social Interaction

self-serving

______________ lies are attempts to manipulate the listener into believing something that is untrue, not primarily to protect the listener, but to advance the deceiver's agenda. a. Altruistic b. Self-serving c. Evasions d. Stability versus change

social penetration model

________________ is a theory that describes how intimacy can be achieved via the breadth and depth of self-disclosure. a. Developmental model b. Johari window c. Social penetration model d. Social exchange theory