Midterm study set TSL3346
prepositions
"glue words"
"All that glitters is not gold." In this proverb, what part of speech is GLITTERS?
(v)
Which of these do ELLs overuse to mean "possibility"?
maybe
A polysemous word has multiple
meanings
Which of these modals - even though the meaning is easy - is rarely used by ELLs in natural output? (In other words, it's easy. We teach it. Surprisingly, ELLs hardly ever use the modal.)
might
A Spanish or Japanese speaker says, "I like very much this spaghetti dish." This example exemplifies an error in
misplacement of adverbs
Students are studying present perfect tense (have gone, have lived, have been). A teacher puts the students in pairs and has them do mock interviews of each other using this target tense: "How long have you worked at Boeing Airlines?" "Oh, I've been there for seven years." Why would a teacher do this last step?
to connect grammar to the real world
adverbs control adjectives
true
nouns and pronouns are interchangable
true
The first part of a phrasal verb is always a
verb (can be rearranged and have the same meaning) (must be separated when a pronoun is used)
The woman _____ the book. / The woman _____.If a verb can fit ONLY in the first sentence but NEVER in the second sentence, that verb is
vt
Generation 1.5 students
went through an English school but still do not have great English
Which of these groups of modals contains the three most frequently used?
would, will, can
In "According to the report, five people were injured," how many prepositions are there?
according to
a, an, the are articles, but in the 8 parts of speech we are forced to classify them as
adjectives
The movie seemed extremely dense to me. What is the word EXTREMELY?
adv of degree
Students who speak Arabic make an error with adjective clauses by repeating the object: This is the book that I bought it yesterday. (The IT is wrong.) This specific error for this grammar point would probably be covered in
an EFL class in Saudi Arabia
For teaching AT, ON, and IN, a diagram of a pyramid is useful to show that the preposition depends on how specific (or general) the place or time is. In this visual, which of these three prepositions is at the TOP of the pyramid?
at
A comma is usually placed after a prepositional phrase when the phrase occurs
at the beginning of the sentence
Which of these are linking verbs?
become, feel, look
Students from many different language groups make errors with MANY/MUCH as in "I have much cars" or "How many money do you have?" This kind of grammar point would probably be covered in
both an ESL and an EFL class
HAD BETTER, HAD BOUGHT, HAD SOMEONE DO SOMETHING: Which of these is a modal?
had better
if you can put an -s on it
it is a count noun
A common ELL mistake is to replace the verb TO BE with the verb TO ______, as in I AM HUNGRY becomes I ___ HUNGRY.
have
present perfect tense
have + present participle I.e. Chris has visited 5 countries so far
What verb tense is in this sentence? "Hardly anyone KNOWS the true population of our state."
present
What verb tense is HAVE BEEN WORKING?
present perfect progressive
What verb tense is ARE EATING?
present progressive
Melissa: Did all of the students in your class pass the test? Anna: Yes, EVERYONE passed the test. What part of speech is EVERYONE?
pronoun
What verb tense is FELT?
simple past
According to a study by Liu (2003), what are the two most common idioms in spoken American English?
sort of, kind of
Type of Error: it was an excited day
-ing vs -ed
About how many prepositions are there in English?
150
In "In addition to John's number, you may call Sue's number in case of an emergency," how many prepositions are there?
2: in addition to, in case of
How many forms does the verb BE have in English?
8
Which of these is true about science, math, and physical education teachers in K-12 settings?
All K-12 teachers, including these three subject areas, are responsible for ELLs' language needs.
Which statement is true about MAY, WILL, MIGHT, WOULD, CAN, and MUST?
All of these are modals.
intransitive verb
An action verb that does not have a direct object focus on the inability to add a noun
When two verbs occur together in English, we don't allow the verbs to go back to back. We usually use an infinitive for the second verb. For example, we say I WANT TO GO, not I WANT GO. ELLs study this and learn this pattern so well that they transfer this learned pattern to modals and produce a mistake such as
Brandon should to catch the number 4 bus to go downtown.
Which example has a superlative adjective in it?
Brazil is the largest country in South America.
ELLs try to conjugate modals just like verbs, so they often make a mistake such as
Brett musts arrive on time.
Which of these lines or phrases from the song "Old MacDonald Had a Farm" best illustrates that English is basically an S-V-O language?
He had a duck.
In "The test that you are studying for is tomorrow," the word FOR appears to be floating. This is correct English and is called
stranding
Which sentence has a PHRASAL VERB in capital letters?
How did you FIND OUT about the accident?
In which sentence is the verb BE used as a main verb?
In spite of the rain, the game was a lot of fun for everyone.
A common comment written on a student's composition that has errors in it is "Awkward." Why is this comment especially inappropriate for a teacher of ELLs?
It doesn't tell what is wrong or how to correct it.
Let's compare the French word ENTRER and the English word ENTER. In French, you must say "I entered in the room" but in English we have to say "I entered the room." (French does not permit "I entered the room") What can we surmise about the verb ENTER in English and ENTRER in French in these examples?
ENTER here is transitive; ENTRER here is intransitive.
Which of these statements is true about grammar and labels in ESL?
ESL grammar is not about labeling.
An EAP class prepares students to have enough English language ability to function in a university class. What does EAP stand for?
English for Academic Purposes
In TESOL, ESP stands for
English for Specific Purposes
Which capitalized word is a preposition?
Everyone BUT Susan ordered lamb for dinner.
If a verb tense has HAVE, HAS, or HAD plus a PAST PARTICIPLE, what can we say about the tense?
It's PERFECT.
If a verb has a form of BE plus the PRESENT PARTICIPLE, what can we say about that verb?
It's PROGRESSIVE.
Where do students take an exam called the Ei-ken?
Japan
When both a prepositional phrase of PLACE and one of TIME occur in the same sentence, which of these is the most usual ordering?
PLACE, then TIME
Which sentence has a verb in PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE?
While she was watching TV, lightning struck.
In which sentence is the verb DO used as an auxiliary verb?
Why do you expect easy questions on the final exam?
Which of these "walls" is mentioned as a good idea to have in classrooms?
a word wall
Which of these languages has TWO different verbs that mean TO BE?
Spanish
Both of these sentences are correct English, but which one presents the most problems for ELLs?
The book which you are looking for is checked out.
Which ELL sentence (from page 24) has an error with subject-verb agreement?
The people in the crowded room looks hurt.
Which sentence has a verb that is in SIMPLE PAST TENSE?
The puppy needed medicine because it was sick.
Some teachers, especially beginning teachers, have not developed good "wait time." What does this mean?
The teacher does not allow enough time between their question and a student's answer.
Both of these sentences are correct English, but which one presents the most problems for ELLs?
The test that you are studying for is tomorrow at noon, right?
What is the purpose of the two examples of teacher explanations of the route of Vasco da Gama on page 27?
To show that a geography class can be a source of English input for ELLs.
In 1814, Abe Lincoln gave his first speech as a member of the House of Representatives.
Transitive take out the fluff... Lincoln gave speech
Which sentence has a verb that is in PRESENT PERFECT TENSE?
We have studied unit 7 for a week.
A group of words that has both a subject and a verb is
clause
Type of Error: your car is more big than mine
comparative and superlative
Type of Error: a four-years old child
compound
What does the acronym FANBOYS stand for?
coordinating conjunctions such as AND
A Spanish speaker writes in English: SOME HOMEWORKS, SOME INFORMATIONS, SOME RESEARCHES. This is an error with
count and non-count nouns
Two approaches to teaching the eight parts of speech are
definitions and slots
Which of these has the preposition IN used in an idiom?
fall IN love
"Prepositions translate well from one language to another." For example, the English word IN overlaps very well with EN in Spanish or DANS in French or NI in Japanese.
false
transitive verb
followed by a direct object, allows you to put a noun after it direct object + transitive verb + noun focus on the ability to add a noun I.e. I speak English
modals
followed by a verb (can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, must - verbs that express mood or tense)
What verb tense is WILL HAVE FINISHED?
future perfect
Which of these has the preposition TO used in an idiom?
get married TO someone
present perfect
have worked
present perfect progressive
have/has + -ing
Contractions are _________.
important because they can make a speaker sound more friendly
In testing, what are DISTRACTORS?
incorrect answer options
When you learn a grammar point in a language, you go through various stages of "correctness" with that grammar point. At first, you never get it right. Then you study it. Then you overuse it. Then you get it right 50% of the time. Finally, you get it right most of the time. What is the name given to his fluctuation of your ability with any grammar point?
interlanguage
In a WH- QUESTION that has the verb TO BE, it is necessary to ________.
invert the subject and the verb
singular count nouns
must have a determiner (a/an/the/etc.) to identify the noun
Which of these are modals?
must, should, can
Songs are a good way to learn grammar because songs
often repeat the same language pattern
"Brandon's car is really cool. Has a great stereo system." What is the problem with this ESL example?
omission of subject pronoun
In Arabic, TO BE can be used ________.
only in past tense
Type of Error: a cotton white t-shirt
order of adjectives
What verb tense is in this sentence? "Most of the patients DIDN'T HAVE an ID on them."
past
What verb tense is HAD EATEN?
past perfect
What verb tense is WERE CREATING?
past progressive
Which group has the four principal parts of a verb?
play, played, played, playing
"Don't put all your eggs in one basket." What part of speech is IN?
preposition
Some people remember _____ as words that explain what a squirrel can do to a tree, an ant can be in relation to a bottle, or a bird can do to the bushes.
prepositions
Which are generally easier for ELLs to learn?
prepositions of location
Some ELLs confuse DURING and FOR with time phrases. In English, we usually use DURING with
the name of a period of time
