MKT 334- LS2

Match the types of materialism to their descriptions

Instrumental materialism = the acquisition to allow or help one to do something Terminal materialism = the acquisition of things for the sake of possessing them

What four things must be considered when a company is analyzing how it will communicate about a product in a foreign market?

1. Available media and who uses each type 2. Values associated with product and its use 3. Verbal and nonverbal communication used in the culture 4. The needs the product fills

What is true about etiquette?

1. Behaviors considered rude in one culture may be acceptable in another 2. The use of gestures and normal voice tone differ among cultures

What are two characteristics of culture?

1. Culture rarely prescribed proper behavior in detail 2. Culture is acquired

Why is the exchange of meishi an important practice in Japan business?

It identifies the respective statures of the people invovled

Historically, how is nature reflected in the cultural values of most Americans?

It is seen as something to be overcome or improved

True or false: In many Latin American countries it is common practice to negotiate prices for almost any type of purchase

True

True or false: In much of the world, the time required for a decision is proportional to the importance of the decision

True

True or false: Participation in sports and exercise is strongly influenced by the masculine dimension

True

True or false: When determining whether to enter a foreign market, a company should have an initial idea of who can afford the product

True

_____ consumers have lower expectations of product quality and are less likely to make formal complaints when they are sold unsatisfactory products

Fatalistic

What situation is an example of terminal materialism?

Gerard didn't need the new watch but bought it so he would have a designer brand

Kendrik is in the market for a new car. While many of his friends will only consider cars made in Japan, Kendrik doesn't base his decision on the global brand name but prefers to evaluate all of his choices just as he would with any American-made car. Which type of world citizen does Kendrik represent?

Global agnostics

The marketing team decided the best way to promote the product in the foreign market was through television advertising since that's how the majority of the population receives their information. Which question for approaching a foreign market is the team considering?

In what ways can we communicate about the product?

During her study abroad program in Europe, Malia was surprised when the beer she ordered was served warm instead of ice cold like it was in the United States. Which characteristic of culture does this represent?

Individual preferences are influenced by culture

In the context of cross-cultural marketing strategy, ______, which generally means global localization, refers to the adaptation of products and services to local considerations

glocalization

Shayna believes that most events and actions are beyond her control. She often feels powerless to respond to any poor customer service issues. Shayna would be considered a ______consumer

fatalistic

Shayla told the marketing team that their efforts would have to be adaptable to an emerging culture in India where more people were looking for products based on their social standing rather than economy. Which cultural value is Shayla concerned with?

performance/status

The nearest others can come to us without creating an uncomfortable situation is known as ______ space

personal

Home Tools Inc. is considering expansion efforts into South America. What two things should their initial demographic analysis reveal to indicate if they should continue pursuing this idea?

1. Number of households that need the products 2. Number of people who can afford the products

What are the three broad forms of cultural values?

1. Self-oriented values 2. Environment-oriented values 3. Other-oriented values

What are four variables that influence nonverbal communications?

1. etiquette 2. symbols 3. relationships 4. time

What are the two types of time perspectives across cultures?

1. monochronic 2. polychronic

Which category of world citizen doesn't like international brands or brands that promote American values?

Antiglobals

______ is an environment-oriented cultural value that describes the extent to which a culture emphasizes personal and public hygiene

Cleanliness

Match the types of cultures to the other-oriented values they are most likely to have

Collectivistic cultures = They value uniformity and conformity Individualistic cultures = They value diversity and variety

_________ is an other-oriented cultural value that is mostly valued by culture that have a more masculine and individualistic orientation

Competitiveness

Match the cultural concepts to their definitions

Cultural values = Widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable in a culture Norms = Rules that specify or prohibit behaviors in specific situations Sanctions = Penalties for the violation of cultural norms

What is an accurate statement about cleanliness as an environment-oriented cultural value?

Many underdeveloped countries do not value cleanliness at a level sufficient to produce a healthy environment

Match the types of time perspectives across cultures to their corresponding descriptions

Monochronic time perspective = Cultures with this perspective view time as fixed in nature, inescapable, and linear, and they often compare its nature to that of a physical object Polychronic time perspective = Cultures with this perspective have an orientation toward the present and the past and are less likely to view time as discrete and subject to scheduling

_______ are the arbitrarily assigned meanings for events, actions, and things other than words that are specific to a culture

Nonverbal communication systems

Match the types of cultural values to their corresponding descriptions

Other-oriented values = They describe a society's perception of the appropriate relationship between individuals and groups in the society Environment-oriented values = They prescribe a society's relationship to its economic, technical, and physical context Self-oriented values = They describe the objectives and approaches to life that the individual members of society find desirable

What is an accurate description of symbols?

Symbols like numbers, creatures, music, colors, and shapes have different interpretations across cultures

In comparison to the United States, how is power viewed in Japan?

Power is viewed as relational in Japan

What concept do marketers increasingly use to evaluate markets?

Purchasing power parity

The marketing team at USA Uniforms Inc. decided it would be inappropriate to include a clergyman in their promotion since their audience members might be offended. Which dichotomy of cultural values is affecting their choice?

Religious/secular

A situation that demonstrates how the youth/age dichotomy affects cultural values:

Sarah is a college student in the United States and like many girls takes her fashion cues from social media influencers she follows on Instagram

Which statement about status-oriented societies is accurate?

They are more likely to prefer prestigious brand names

A sports equipment manufacturer promoted the new tennis shoes in the United States with a series of ads showing futuristic runners competing in a marathon, while in England the shoes were promoted as everyday footwear for families. Which environment-oriented value affected this marketing campaign?

Tradition/change

During the meeting, Brenda asked the team if introducing the product into South America would create environmental concerns based on the plastic packaging. What question is she considering as her company makes plans to approach a foreign market?

What are the ethical implications of marketing this product in this country?

The youth market is widely affected by technology as demonstrated by the fact that _____ of teens use two or more electronic devices

about 65%

The _____ dichotomy is a set of self-oriented cultural values that determines whether a culture values physical accomplishments or nonphysical achievements

active/passive

In the context of using symbols in advertisements, even though cultural differences in symbols are frequently observed, there

are still many symbols that work well across a variety of cultures

The social exchange of meishi in Japan occurs when

business cards are exchanged when two people meet

In the United States, power is viewed in terms of

coercion

A society that gives incentives and prestige to groups is most likely to value the other-oriented cultural value of

collectivism

Which cultural value is revealed by a choice Sanjay faces: either outperform his co-worker on the assigned project and take all the glory for a job well-done or achieve success by working together with his co-worker?

competitive/cooperative

Everything that influences a person's thought processes and behavior such as knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, and customs is referred to as

culture

The complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society is known as

culture

_________ describe(s) a population in terms of its size, structure, and distribution

demographics

The ________ dichotomy is a set of cultural values that determine the extent to which a culture is accepting of a variety of religions, ethnicities, political stances, and various other subcultures

diversity/uniformity

After learning that introducing their organic produce into parts of Europe would cause local farmers great hardship, Cali-Organics Inc. decided to pursue a different foreign market where their impact would be welcome. What caused the company to make this choice?

ethics

The Japanese business executive found it offensive when the executive from the US-based company tried to look him in the eye when discussing the deal to expand his company's offices. He decided it would be best to work with a different company for the project. Which nonverbal communication did the US executive fail to consider?

etiquette

Traditionally, while an American businessperson would carefully review a written contract prior to making a deal, a Chinese businessperson would be more likely to

examine the character of the person making the deal

As a marketing representative for All-Grain Products, Tyler feels it is important to market the product differently in Asia where families might also include grandparents living under the same roof as their children and grandchildren. Which cultural value is affecting Tyler's decision?

extended/limited family dichotomy

The Chinese concept that refers to personal relationships on which an individual can draw to obtain resources or advantages when doing business or even in the course of social life is known as

guanxi

Aaron wants to find a job that allows him to work four ten-hour days so he has three days to pursue his favorite activities: hiking and biking. Which dichotomy of culture does this represent?

hard work/leisure

Cultures that value _____ are most likely to encourage people to live for the moment

immediate gratification

The _____ dichotomy is a set of other-oriented cultural values that describes whether a culture values individual initiative or group conformity

individual/collective

The _________ dichotomy is a set of other-oriented cultural values that describes whether a culture values individual initiative or group conformity

individual/collective

Which culture is most likely to view work as a necessary evil and merely a means to an end?

leisure-oriented culture

In terms of power distance, the acceptance of power in the United States is _______, and the acceptance of power in Japan is _________

low; high

Nearly all cultures in human society are _____, which is an other-oriented value

masculine-oriented

A set of other-oriented cultural values that determines whether status, prestige, and important social positions are primarily given to men or women is the ______ dichotomy

masculine/feminine

When creating a print advertisement for an infant clothing line in Europe, the US-based company was told to only feature girls in the ads to connect better with mothers. Which value dimension is affecting this marketing choice?

masculine/feminine

To be kept waiting for a business appointment is considered offensive in a culture with a _____ time perspective

monochronic

Which type of culture would be more receptive to companies using contests and sales with deadlines as marketing tools?

monochronic

In the United States, most families consider their strongest obligations to be toward immediate family members. In other words, there is a ______ definition of family

narrow

________ are the arbitrarily assigned meanings for events, actions, and things other than words that are specific to a culture

nonverbal communication systems

While Jason is comfortable looking his professor in the eye when asking a question in class, his roommate Jin from China feels this is disrespectful. These two students demonstrate a difference in cultural

norms

A culture that emphasize the self-oriented cultural value of _____ is less likely to take an action-oriented approach when tackling issues

passiveness

Clean-Rite Corp.'s marketing team was frustrated when the new line of time-saving cleaning products failed dramatically. Which cultural perspective of time would have responded to these products negatively?

polychronic

Sanjay would like to buy a new boat but realizes he should save the money in case he has more problems with his car. He is practicing ____ gratification

postponed

The degree to which people accept inequality in power, authority, status, and wealth as natural or inherent in society is known as

power distance

In the context of cultural variations in nonverbal communications, the cultural meaning of objects or things results in

purchase patterns that would otherwise be unpredictable

_______ is based on the cost of a standard market basket of products bough in each country

purchasing power parity

The extent to which daily activities in a culture are determined by spiritual ideology is reflected in the self-oriented cultural values of

religiosity and secularism

The ______ dichotomy is a set of environment-oriented cultural values that determines whether a culture appreciates or considers reckless the people who endanger their status or wealth on a new venture

risk taking/ security

The environment-oriented values of _____ influence a society's tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty avoidance

risk taking/security

Extremely conservative cultures are least likely to place a high value on

sensual gratification

Members of a culture that place value on ______ rather than ______ would likely have advertisements that contain nudity and sex appeals

sensual gratification; abstinence

Match the elements of demographics to their descriptions

size = it denotes to number of individuals in a given populace structure = it describes a population using the variables of age, income, education, and occupation distribution = it denotes to the geographic location of individuals in a given populace as well as their rural, suburban, and urban location

Larissa was promoted to assistant vice president and will move out of her shared space and into an office next week. What aspect of nonverbal communication is represented in this situation?

space

What makes gift giving across cultures a difficult task?

the dissimilar values that cultures denote to objects

In the context of relationships as a cultural variation in nonverbal communication, one of the main features of guanxi includes

the idea of a reciprocal relationship continuing indefinitely

The advertisements of _____ cultures are most likely to emphasize established practices and history

traditional

The biggest single influence that is causing the convergence of lifestyles, values, and purchases among youth worldwide is

worldwide mass media

Mallory's parents believed that their young daughter's birthday party should center on children without regard for her grandparents. Which other-oriented dichotomy affecting cultural values does this reflect?

youth/age