MKTG Exam 2 SAMPLE Questions

Emily is buying furniture for her apartment for the first time. She is spending considerable time and effort comparing the products that different stores offer. Which type of decision-making process is she using? a. Extended b. Selective c. Routinized d. Limited e. Intensive

a. Extended

When Fiat offers to let qualified buyers test drive the Fiat 500X Urbana, the dealer is trying to stimulate which stage of the product adoption process? a. Trial b. Adoption c. Interest d. Evaluation e. Awareness

a. Trial

Purposeful actions to take advantage of or harm others during a transaction is best described as a. consumer fraud. b. consumer piracy. c. abusive shopping. d. organized retail crime. e. shoplifting.

a. consumer fraud.

A product that is simply labeled with the product category is considered a a. generic brand. b. no-name product. c. poor-quality item. d. lean manufacturer brand. e. private brand.

a. generic brand.

Melania, a product manager, thinks her company's FastBrew coffee maker is currently in the growth stage of the product life cycle. If so, the profits for the FastBrew coffee maker ___ and the number of competitors ____. a. have peaked; is growing b. are declining; is growing c. have peaked; is declining d. are declining; is declining e. are negative; is growing

a. have peaked; is growing

The producers of Gillette razor blades use a marketing strategy that includes large advertising expenditures and more price flexibility for the various types of blades offered. Based on this example, razor blades are in the ____ stage of the product life cycle. a. maturity b. evaluation c. decline d. growth e. introduction

a. maturity

A product item is best described as a a. specific version of a product. b. particular brand. c. component of a marketing mix. d. unit of measure for the product. e. specific characteristic of a product.

a. specific version of a product.

Many aspects of consumer buying decisions are affected by the individual's level of involvement. Level of involvement is a. the importance and intensity of interest in a product in a particular situation. b. a combination of an individual's demographic factors. c. the particular circumstance or environment in which consumers find themselves. d. the amount of external search that an individual puts into the decision-making process. e. the buyer's perception, motives, and abilities.

a. the importance and intensity of interest in a product in a particular situation.

One company markets such diverse products as Old El Paso Mexican foods, Yoplait yogurt products, and Blue Buffalo pet foods. These various offerings exhibit this firm's product mix a. width. b. dimension. c. volume. d. length. e. depth

a. width.

Jack recently purchased a Ford F-150 truck and has owned it for about a week. Earlier in the day, he received a call from Nick, the sales representative who sold him the truck. Nick called to check to see whether Jack had any questions or problems with the truck and if he had learned how to navigate all the bells and whistles. Nick also reminded Jack about how Ford is highly regarded as one of the best automobile brands and that the Ford truck is the #1 truck brand in the United States. What phenomenon is Nick trying to prevent by contacting his customer? a. Cognitive dissonance b. Purchasing effect c. Framing d. Consumer disengagement e. Postpurchase negative word-of-mouth

a. Cognitive dissonance

In which of the following stages of the consumer buying decision process does a person use evaluative criteria to assess a consideration set? a. Evaluation of alternatives b. Purchase c. Problem recognition d. Information search e. Postpurchase evaluation

a. Evaluation of alternatives

ACME Corp. has decided that all of its products' packages should be similar. ACME is using which of the following? a. Family packaging b. Family branding c. Private distributor packaging d. Co-branding e. Brand extension

a. Family packaging

Assignment of meaning to organized information inputs is called a. interpretation. b. learning. c. motivation. d. selection. e. redefinition.

a. interpretation.

When you are using the internet to research a school project, and you ignore the banner ads on websites even though you see them flashing on the page, you are probably engaging in the process of _______. a. selective exposure b. self-concept c. selective distortion d. selective retention e. learning

a. selective exposure

Forever 21 is developing a program to get to know its customers. Which of the following is NOT a reason why Forever 21 needs to understand consumer buying behavior? a. Customers' reactions to marketing strategy can affect the firm's success. b. All customers are the same when it comes to buying behavior. c. It helps the marketer predict how consumers will respond to marketing strategies. d. The marketing concept stresses that a firm should know its customers. e. A firm should create a marketing mix that satisfies customers.

b. All customers are the same when it comes to buying behavior.

Within the information search step of the consumer buying decision process, what two primary aspects exist? a. Selective retention and selective distortion b. Internal search and external search c. Company-produced information and internal information d. Personal information and nonpersonal information e. Consideration sets and evoked sets

b. Internal search and external search

As Gillian has become more knowledgeable about health, obesity, and quality ingredients, her attitude toward soft drinks and fast food have become less favorable, while her attitude toward healthier brands like Panera and bubbly sparkling water has improved. This best relates to the _______ component of attitude. a. social b. cognitive c. affective d. behavioral e. emotional

b. cognitive

A set of Bowers & Wilkins car speakers sold to Volvo for use in the production of XC90 SUV would be an example of a(n) a. specialty item. b. component part. c. raw material. d. process material. e. accessory equipment.

b. component part.

When a business finds itself squeezed out of a market for a product or loses interest in that product, it is a sign of being in the ____ stage of the product life cycle. a. decline b. maturity c. market reduction d. growth e. introduction

b. maturity

The development of a person's self-concept is a function of a. subcultures. b. psychological and social factors. c. reference groups and opinion leaders. d. learning. e. roles and family influences.

b. psychological and social factors.

While shopping at a local grocery store, Cameron sees a display of his favorite brand of energy drink. He buys some to take home for the weekend. This purchase process would be described as a. situational perception. b. routinized response behavior. c. enduring involvement. d. limited decision making. e. extended decision making. Hide Feedback

b. routinized response behavior.

Which of the following is NOT a typical function of packaging? a. To promote a product b. To prevent efficient handling of the product c. To prevent tampering and shoplifting d. To offer convenience to consumers e. To protect the product and maintain its form

b. To prevent efficient handling of the product

Free samples can help move consumers into which of the following? a. Interest b. Trial c. Adoption d. Awareness e. Evaluation

b. Trial

During the final stage of the consumer buying decision process, a person might experience cognitive dissonance, which is _______. a. objective characteristics (such as the size, speed, capacity) and subjective characteristics (such as style and color) that are important to him or her b. doubts in the buyer's mind about whether purchasing the product was the right decision c. when a buyer becomes aware of a difference between a desired state and an actual condition d. additional information sought from outside sources e. a group of brands that a buyer views as possible alternatives

b. doubts in the buyer's mind about whether purchasing the product was the right decision

The Red Cross raises money to help people survive natural and manmade disasters. Red Cross can best be described as a(n) _______. a. service b. idea c. good d. unsought product e. specialty product

b. idea

When buyers purchase products occasionally or from unfamiliar brands within a product category, they are most likely to use _______. a. enduring involvement b. limited decision making c. impulse buying d. routinized response behavior e. extended decision making

b. limited decision making

A _______ is a specific version of a product, while a _______ is a group of closely related products that are considered to be a group because of marketing, technical, or end-use considerations. a. product mix width; product mix depth b. product item; product line c. brand; product mix d. product item; product mix e. product mix; product line

b. product item; product line

When a product's packaging can be reused for an additional purpose, this is best described as _______. a. handling-improved packaging b. secondary-use packaging c. family branding d. category-consistent packaging e. family packaging

b. secondary-use packaging

Any product making a nutritional claim must have _______. a. the information that the manufacturer thinks is important b. standardized nutrition labeling c. standardized packaging d. package licensing e. promotional nutrition labeling

b. standardized nutrition labeling

Forever 21 clothing stores sell primarily what type of products? a. Convenience b. Unsought c. Shopping d. Nondurable e. Specialty

c. Shopping

Besides generic names, what other types of names are very difficult to protect? a. Arbitrarily chosen names related closely to the product b. Names that contain shapes and colors c. Surnames and geographic names d. Names created by the company e. Arbitrarily chosen names not related to the product

c. Surnames and geographic names

Kira is interested in joining Alpha Gamma Delta's sorority. She begins to shop at Delphine's, a local store where the Alphas buy their clothes. She also asks her family for a new car because all the sorority members have new cars. In these instances, Kira is most influenced by a. personality. b. selective exposure. c. a reference group. d. digital influences. e. situational influences. Hide Feedback

c. a reference group.

According to the text, a product is defined as a. anything the customer receives in an exchange. b. the service that is rendered to a customer. c. goods and services the customer receives in an exchange. d. the idea that the customer receives in an exchange. e. the physical object the customer receives in an exchange.

c. goods and services the customer receives in an exchange.

Advertisers often use ____ to boost consumers' information retention and recall, which may facilitate the information search stage. a. perception b. framing c. repetition d. distortion e. inputs

c. repetition

Which of the following is the strongest and most desired by marketers? a. Brand preference b. Brand recognition c. Brand insistence d. Brand equity e. Brand loyalty

c. Brand insistence

In the case that a preferred brand is not available, which of the following consumer product types will a shopper be most likely to choose a substitute brand? a. Shopping b. MRO supplies c. Convenience d. Installations e. Specialty

c. Convenience

Which of the following are viewed as "in the know" by many product adopters? a. Innovators b. Late majority c. Early adopters d. Early majority e. Laggards

c. Early adopters

When retailers go to great lengths to create physical settings that appeal to their target market and are conducive to making purchase decisions, they are attempting to shape which of the following influences on consumer buying behavior? a. Psychological b. Enduring c. Situational d. Cultural e. Social

c. Situational

The Double-A of American Airlines, the peacock of NBC, and the apple with a missing bite of Apple are examples of a _______. a. trademark b. brand equity c. brand mark d. trade name e. brand name

c. brand mark

Charmin toilet paper would be classified as which type of product? a. Unsought b. Industrial service c. Shopping d. Convenience e. Specialty

d. Convenience

Which stage in the product life cycle is critical to a product's survival because competitive reactions to the product's success during this period will affect the product's life expectancy? a. Expansion b. Decline c. Introduction d. Growth e. Stabilization

d. Growth

A product mix is best described as a. all products of a particular type. b. many products sold by one firm. c. a group of closely related products that are considered a unit because of market, technical, or end-use considerations. d. all products offered by a firm. e. product, distribution, promotion, and price.

d. all products offered by a firm.

Gold Rush Vinyl's large vinyl record press suddenly broke down during its day shift. When considering the purchase of available alternatives, Intuitiv decided to rent one for the next two years instead of buying one. In this situation, the large vinyl record press it rented would be classified as a. accessory equipment. b. an unsought good. c. a process material. d. an installation. e. MRO supplies

d. an installation.

If Glade, which markets Glade scented PlugIns and Glade scented candles and wax melts were to introduce Glade laundry detergent and dryer sheets with the same scents, this would be called ____ branding. a. licensed b. family c. individual d. brand-extension e. new-product

d. brand-extension

Digital influences, such as online review sites and social networks, allow shoppers to reduce their _______ by gaining information from others. a. upfront costs b. shopping effort c. risk of buying a socially unacceptable product d. risk in trying an unknown product e. social status

d. risk in trying an unknown product

Psychological influences are internal factors that impact a consumer's buying decision process. More specifically, ___________ is one type of psychological influence wherein the consumer has a tendency to twist or change information received to fit their own personal feelings or beliefs. a. selective retention b. creative distortion c. distorted reality d. selective distortion e. perceptive dissonance

d. selective distortion

Which of the following is the total group of products that an organization makes available to customers? a. Product mix width b. Brand mix c. Marketing mix d. Product mix e. Promotion mix

d. Product mix

John's lawnmower stopped working midway through mowing his front yard. His interest in researching replacement lawnmower brands is most likely to be _______. a. extended decision making b. enduring involvement c. routinized response behavior d. situational involvement e. low involvement

d. situational involvement

A group of brands that a consumer views as alternatives for possible purchase is called a(n) a. awareness set. b. framing set. c. evaluative group. d. alternative set. e. consideration set.

e. consideration set.

Coca-Cola offers a line of soft drinks that includes Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Coca-Cola Zero, Sprite, and Fanta. These drinks best illustrate Coca-Cola's product mix a. length. b. volume. c. life cycle. d. width. e. depth.

e. depth.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a. levels of needs are different for everyone, and we all try to satisfy them in a different order. b. individuals first address needs at the top of the pyramid and then move down to the lower level needs. c. individuals simultaneously try to satisfy all five levels of needs. d. self-actualization needs are the most important needs to be met for most individuals. e. individuals first satisfy the most basic needs and then try to fulfill needs at the next level up

e. individuals first satisfy the most basic needs and then try to fulfill needs at the next level up.

Copying computer software, video games, movies, or music without paying the producer for them is an example of _______. a. social influences b. psychological influences c. situational influences d. routinized response behavior e. consumer misbehavior

e. consumer misbehavior

The primary psychological influences on consumer behavior are a. attitudes, perception, social class, culture, and learning. b. lifestyles, personality, perception, motivation, attitudes, and culture. c. attitudes, perception, retention, exposure, roles, and lifestyles. d. perception, motivation, reference groups, social class, and personality. e. perception, motivation, learning, attitudes, personality, and lifestyles.

e. perception, motivation, learning, attitudes, personality, and lifestyles.

Jhumpa is questioning whether she has made the right decision about purchasing a new HP laptop after she sees a friend with a new Dell. Jhumpa's doubt whether she made the right decision occurs during the ___________ of the buying decision process. a. evaluation of alternatives phase b. information search phase c. cognitive dissonance phase d. purchase phase e. postpurchase evaluation phase

e. postpurchase evaluation phase

Huy Fong Foods is buying peppers and vinegar to make its iconic Sriracha sauce. For Huy Fong Foods, these are best described as _______. a. component parts b. installations c. accessory equipment d. raw materials e. process materials

e. process materials

The attitude toward the object model (known as the Fishbein model) consists of which three elements? a. Beliefs about product attributes, the strength of beliefs, and the evaluation of beliefs b. Selecting, organizing, and interpreting information inputs c. Intentions, beliefs about product attributes, and what others think d. Safety, social, and self-actualization e. Perception, motivation, and beliefs about product attributes

a. Beliefs about product attributes, the strength of beliefs, and the evaluation of beliefs

Behavior that violates generally accepted norms of a particular society is best described as _______. a. consumer misbehavior b. consumer buying behavior c. cognitive dissonance d. routinized response behavior e. consumer fraud

a. consumer misbehavior

Recently Raul went to a neighborhood grocery store to pick up a few items. When he looked for Degree Men's Dry Protection Antiperspirant, it was unavailable. Although there were a number of antiperspirant brands available, he did not buy any deodorant. Raul's behavior indicates that he most likely has what level of brand loyalty toward Degree Men's Dry Protection deodorant? a. Resistance b. Insistence c. Recognition d. Preference e. No brand loyalty

b. Insistence

Business products are a. purchased for personal consumption. b. purchased for both their functional aspects and their psychological rewards. c. classified according to their characteristics and intended uses. d. chosen on the basis of preferences expressed by a business procurement department. e. not purchased by nonbusiness organizations.

c. classified according to their characteristics and intended uses.

Although they become part of a larger product, ____ can often be easily identified and distinguished on the larger product. a. raw materials b. accessory parts c. component parts d. MRO supplies e. process materials

c. component parts

Mitchell's smartphone is two years old and he would like to have a new one. This time, he wants to make sure that it has a longer battery charge and better geographic coverage since he is traveling three days a week for his new job. Mitchell is most likely to use _____ for this purchase. a. extended response behavior b. intensive decision-making behavior c. limited decision-making behavior d. routinized response behavior e. extended decision-making behavior

c. limited decision-making behavior

An open aggregate of people with similar social ranking is referred to as a a. subculture. b. reference group. c. social class. d. caste. e. role.

c. social class.

Which of the following are purchased when a sudden problem must be solved, products of which customers are unaware of until they see them in a store or online, and products that people do not plan on purchasing? a. Convenience products b. Shopping products c. Unsought products d. Accessory products e. Specialty products

c. Unsought products

Companies often use social media influencers popular with their target market to promote their products. In this case, the influencers represent a(n) _______. a. subculture b. social class c. aspirational reference group d. membership reference group e. dissociative reference group

c. aspirational reference group

When a company offers many product lines, it can be said to have a _______. a. shallow product mix b. narrow product mix c. wide product mix d. brand product mix e. deep product mix

c. wide product mix

Another common name for a private distributor brand is a ____ brand. a. generic b. home c. label d. store e. manufacturer

d. store

Which of the following consists of three major components: cognitive, affective, and behavioral? a. Lifestyles b. Motive c. Personality d. Attitude e. Learning

d. Attitude

During which of the product life cycle stages do sales rise rapidly? a. Deletion b. Introduction c. Maturity d. Growth e. Decline

d. Growth

The three levels of brand loyalty from strongest to weakest are a. preference, insistence, recognition. b. insistence, preference, recognition. c. insistence, preference, indifference. d. insistence, recognition, preference. e. recognition, preference, insistence

b. insistence, preference, recognition.

A distinguishing factor between a brand name and a brand mark is that a brand name a. identifies only one item in the product mix. b. implies an organization's name. c. consists of words. d. is registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. e. creates customer loyalty.

c. consists of words.

Sophie wants to buy a new car. She turns to her friend who is a car enthusiast for his recommendation. He tells her Honda is by far the best brand. Sophie goes to a Honda dealership. She notices a Honda Civic that is at a reasonable price point. However, she likes the fact that the Honda Accord is a mid-sized car, but it is more expensive. Sonya tries to remember what her friend told her but is having trouble. She starts weighing the benefits of both vehicles in an attempt to make her final decision. The fact that Sophie sought advice from her friend is an example of _________________. Her attempt to weigh the benefits of the vehicles against one another is _______________. a. external information search; internal information search b. pre-purchase evaluation; selective exposure c. external information search; evaluation of alternatives d. internal information search; problem recognition e. problem recognition; evaluation of alternatives

c. external information search; evaluation of alternatives

Extended decision making is the type of consumer decision-making process that a. involves no conscious planning but rather a powerful and persistent urge to buy something. b. is the creation and maintenance of a collection of products that satisfy a person's needs and wants. c. is the most complex decision-making behavior, which comes into play when a purchase involves unfamiliar, expensive, or infrequently bought products. d. requires a moderate amount of time for information gathering and search. e. requires very little search-and-decision effort and is practiced when buying low-cost and frequently purchased products.

c. is the most complex decision-making behavior, which comes into play when a purchase involves unfamiliar, expensive, or infrequently bought products.

Stephen is a marketing research consultant and specializes in qualitative research. He's a member of the Qualitative Research Association and enjoys attending regional and national meetings where he can meet other consultants and participate in workshops to improve his skills. Stephen always finds one to two new books to purchase from the trade show and truly enjoys the chance to expand his knowledge base through these learning opportunities. He knows that this new knowledge will improve his capabilities to deliver the type of consultation his clients might desire and will enable him to effectively compete for work. Stephen's attendance at these national meetings and his book purchases are motivated by his need of _______, one of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. a. social b. esteem c. physiological d. self-actualization e. safety

d. self-actualization

During the maturity stage a. limited advertising expenditures are required to maintain market share. b. product modifications are unnecessary. c. marketing strategies are rarely altered. d. there is less emphasis on changing a product's price. e. some competitors are forced out.

e. some competitors are forced out.

Buyers recognize the existence of a new product during which of the following stages of the product adoption process? a. Interest b. Adoption c. Trial d. Evaluation e. Awareness

e. Awareness

Sales fall rapidly during which of the following? a. Maturity stage b. Introduction stage c. Product development d. Growth stage e. Decline stage

e. Decline stage

The process through which a person acquires the knowledge and skills to function as a consumer is best related to which of the following social influences on the buying decision process? a. Roles b. Culture c. Social class d. Reference groups e. Family influence

e. Family influence

Which of the following is closely related to packaging and is used to identify, promote, inform, and address legal requirements? a. Packaging b. Brand licensing c. Branding d. Brand mark e. Labeling

e. Labeling

Which of the following influences on the consumer buying decision process result from time, circumstances, and location? a. Subcultural b. Cultural c. Psychological d. Social e. Situational

e. Situational

Which of the following is an open aggregate of people with similar social rank? a. Culture b. Opinion leader c. Reference group d. Subculture e. Social class

e. Social class

Which of the following product elements derives from customers' involvement with the product, which may convey additional value to many products (and brands) for buyers? a. Brand equity b. Supplemental features c. The core product d. Brand loyalty e. Symbolic or experiential benefits

e. Symbolic or experiential benefits

Megabus is a bus line operating in the Northeast and Midwestern United States, and in Canada. It offers travelers a cheap alternative to driving and flying between large cities, keeping the fares extremely low yet offering the latest technology. Unlike the traditional Greyhound bus line, Megabus is an express service, and is equipped with at-seat power outlets, video screens, headsets, and seat belts. Many buses also run on biodiesel fuel. Additionally, Megabus picks up and drops off people in the centers of cities rather than at inconveniently located terminals. Riders can book tickets at Megabus.com, where some fares begin at just $1. Routes are limited, and are offered out of cities such as Toronto, New York, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Chicago. Recently, its competitor Greyhound has launched a new bus line, BoltBus, with similar fares and high-tech amenities. A fare on a BoltBus bus from Washington D.C. to New York City is $26.00 round trip, while the same fare through Greyhound's traditional bus line costs $50.00. The benefit of Greyhound's traditional line is that there are more departure times and more stops in smaller towns along the way. Refer to Scenario 11.1. What product(s) is Megabus marketing? a. The ride between cities, which is a convenience product. b. The ride between cities, which is a specialty product. c. Megabus is a service and therefore is not marketing a product. d. The ride between the cities, which is the core product, plus the supplemental features of at-seat power outlets, video screens, and other technology. e. The ride between cities is a service product and is the only one Megabus is marketing.

d. The ride between the cities, which is the core product, plus the supplemental features of at-seat power outlets, video screens, and other technology.

Use the following to answer the questions. Both the Toyota Sienna and the Dodge Grand Caravan were very popular choices for family vans. Toyota noticed that the majority of its customers were families with 3 or more children, and so they developed commercials that featured larger families. They also produced commercials that featured Hispanic-looking actors and for some markets, in Spanish. Isabel Desario and her husband were currently shopping for a van for their family. As Isabel listened to television commercial about the Dodge Grand Caravan, she noticed that the Dodge cost about $27,000 and had gas mileage of about 17 mpg. She recalled an earlier ad for the Toyota Sienna, which also cost about $27,000, but had gas mileage of about 21 mpg. She also liked the way the family was portrayed in the Toyota ad, showing the children in the back seats having plenty of room, watching the DVD players, and having their own sound controls. When she spoke to Gabe, her husband, about how much she liked the Toyota van, he replied that its gas mileage was too low at only 16 mpg. Since Isabel didn't agree with that number, he produced a magazine ad that supported his claim of the 16 mpg for the Toyota. Isabel couldn't believe that she had made such an error in hearing what the gas mileage was for the Toyota and the Dodge. Refer to Scenario 7.2. Since Isabel and Gabe were using gas mileage as one of their evaluative criteria, they are most likely in the ____ phase of the consumer buying process. a. postpurchase b. problem recognition c. external search d. evaluation of alternatives e. purchase

d. evaluation of alternatives

You are thinking about buying a tablet to help with your classes and for entertainment purposes. When you search your memory for information about products that might address these needs, you are engaging in which aspect of the consumer buying decision process? a. Evaluative criteria b. Consideration set c. Cognitive dissonance d. Internal information search e. External information search

d. Internal information search

Which of the following is characterized by intense competition? a. Test marketing b. Growth c. Introduction d. Maturity e. Decline

d. Maturity

Which of the following is used by retailers or wholesalers to develop more efficient promotion, generate higher gross margins, and change store image? a. Manufacturer brands b. Generic brands c. Consumer brands d. Private distributor brands e. Equity brands

d. Private distributor brands

An internal energizing force that directs a person's activities toward satisfying needs or achieving goals is best described as _______. a. attitudes b. learning c. self-concept d. a motive e. perception

d. a motive

High-involvement, unfamiliar, and expensive products such as cars are most likely to involve _______. a. limited decision making b. enduring involvement c. routinized response behavior d. extended decision making e. impulse buying

d. extended decision making