MLA CITATION QUIZ 1

While summarizing, you will most likely _______.

leave out examples that support key ideas

When writing a summary, you should do all of the following EXCEPT

include your own opinion about the subject.

Directions: For the following question use this excerpt from Michaela Cullington's report, "Does Texting Affect Writing?" A September 2008 article in USA Today entitled "Texting, Testing Destroys Kids' Writing Style" summarizes many of the most common complaints about the effect of texting. It states that according to the National Center for Education Statistics, only 25% of high school seniors are "proficient" writers. The article quotes Jacquie Ream, a former teacher and author of K.I.S.S .— Keep It Short and Simple, a guide for writing more effectively. Ream states, "[W]e have a whole generation being raised without communication skills." She blames the use of acronyms and shorthand in text messages for students' inability to spell and ultimately to write well. Ream also points out that students struggle to convey emotion in their writing because, as she states, in text messages "emotions are always sideways smiley faces." The main idea of this excerpt is _______.

the effects of texting on students' writing ability

Restating a text's main ideas in your own words, leaving out most examples, is called _______.

summarizing

Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Paul Revere's ride is perhaps the most famous historical example of a word-of-mouth epidemic. A piece of extraordinary news traveled a long distance in a very short time, mobilizing an entire region to arms. Not all word-of-mouth epidemics are this sensational, of course. But it is safe to say that word of mouth is—even in this age of mass communications and multimillion-dollar advertising campaigns—still the most important form of human communication. From Gladwell, Malcolm. The Tipping Point. New York: Little, Brown, 2002. Print. The passage appears on page 32.

According to Gladwell, "a word of mouth epidemic" is best exemplified by Paul Revere's famous ride during which he warned his neighbors of the imminent attack by the British. His warning spread quickly across the countryside. Not all examples are so dramatic, but even today, with vast sums spent on advertising, "word of mouth is...still the most important form of human communication" (32).

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is citing the following online work; its author is unknown: "114,000 iPads Hacked." CNN.com. Cable News Network, 10 June 2010. Web. 11 June 2010.

As many as 114,000 new iPad owners were left vulnerable after hackers took advantage of security lapses and gathered private user information ("114,000 iPads").

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is citing material from page 167 of the following essay in an anthology: Franzen, Jonathan. "David Foster Wallace." Best American Nonrequired Reading 2009. Ed. Dave Eggers. Boston: Mariner, 2009. 167-71. Print.

Franzen explains that details for David Foster Wallace were "a way of connecting, on relatively safe middle ground, with another human being" (167).

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is quoting the words of Thierry Gardere, which appear on page 20 of the following source: Korten, Tristram. "Rum and Hope." The Atlantic May 2010: 19-20. Print.

Thierry Gardere believes "what we have to do in Haiti to survive is to be completely self-sufficient" (qtd. in Korten 20).

Read each of the following passages and the information about their sources. Then determine whether the sentence uses the source appropriately. Select Plagiarized if the sentence is not acceptable. Select OK if the sentence uses and acknowledges the source appropriately. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4g.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4g.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Radio was a new thrill for many Americans in the twenties, but it had extraordinary value for the isolated farm families of the Midwest, for whom solitude loomed as a daily problem. Radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports, and it was an easy way to enjoy the pleasure of other people's company. In-person visiting was a special event that often meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor; frequently the press of chores or bad weather made that impossible. But with a radio, women could continue their housework as they listened to a friendly voice; men working in the barn had access to weather reports and farm programs. From Stern, Jane and Michael Stern. Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food. Boston: Houghton, 2005. Print. The passage appears on page 103. In the twenties, radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports (Stern and Stern 103).

Plagiarized

Summarizing a text can help you to do all of the following EXCEPT

add more supporting details to make your point.

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is summarizing a point from page 139 in the following article: Ruzich, Constance M., and A. J. Grant. "Predatory Lending and the Devouring of the American Dream." Journal of American Culture 32:2 (2009): 137-45. Print.

Ruzich and Grant claim the term predatory lending suggests a metaphor that sheds light on current American attitudes toward credit and the relationships between lending institutions and borrowers (139).

Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Assange also wanted to insure that, once the video was posted online, it would be impossible to remove. He told me that WikiLeaks maintains its content on more than twenty servers around the world and on hundreds of domain names. (Expenses are paid by donations, and a few independent well-wishers also run "mirror sites" in support.) Assange calls the site "an uncensorable system for untraceable mass document leaking and public analysis," and a government or company that wanted to remove content from WikiLeaks would have to practically dismantle the Internet itself. From Khatchadourian, Raffi. "No Secrets: Julian Assange's Mission for Total Transparency." New Yorker. The New Yorker, 7 June 2010. Web. The article was reprinted online without page numbers.

Assange makes sure that videos on WikiLeaks cannot be deleted, using multiple servers and back-up sites in locations around the world. His goal is to make WikiLeaks documents impossible to trace or censor and to make the system impossible to dismantle (Khatchadourian).

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is quoting from page 210 of the following essay, which appears in a book: George, Diana. "Changing the Face of Poverty: Nonprofits and the Problem of Representation." Popular Literacy: Studies in Cultural Practices and Poetics. Ed. John Trimbur. Pittsburgh: U of Pittsburgh P, 209-28. Print.

George examines videos for Habitat for Humanity and explores whether "reliance on stereotypes of poverty can, in fact, work against the aims of the organization producing them" (210).

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is quoting the following one of two works by the same author that appear in the list of works cited. Fallows, James. "Cyber Warriors." Atlantic Monthly Mar. 2010: 58-63. Print.

Some worry about a cyber threat to American security, "that organizations or individuals may be spying on, tampering with, or preparing to inflict damage on America's electronic networks" (Fallows, "Cyber" 60).

Directions: For the following question use this excerpt from Hannah Berry's analysis, "The Fashion Industry: Free to Be an Individual." As young women, we have always been told through the medium of advertisement that we must use certain products to make ourselves beautiful. For decades, ads for things like soap, makeup, and mouthwash have established a sort of misplaced control over our lives, telling us what will make us attractive and what will not. Recently, however, a new generation of advertisement has emerged in the fashion industry, one that cleverly equates the products shown in the ads with the quest for confident individuality. Ads such as the two for Clarks and Sorel discussed below encourage us to break free from the standard beauty mold and be ourselves; using mostly imagery, they remind us that being unique is the true origin of beauty. A summary of this selection would include all of the following sentences EXCEPT:

For example, ads by Clarks and Sorel promote uniqueness.

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is citing in-text documentation for the following online source, which includes no page numbers. Walker, Rob. "Stuck on You." New York Times Magazine. New York Times, 31 May 2010. Web. 9 June 2010.

According to a 2008 study, drivers with bumper stickers on their cars are much more likely to display road rage (Walker).

Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Some recent studies have explored the existence of behavior in toddlers that is "altruistic" in an even stronger sense — like when they give up their time and energy to help a stranger accomplish a difficult task. The psychologists Felix Warneken and Michael Tomasello have put toddlers in situations in which an adult is struggling to get something done, like opening a cabinet door with his hands full or trying to get to an object out of reach. The toddlers tend to spontaneously help, even without any prompting, encouragement or reward. From Bloom, Paul. "The Moral Life of Babies." New York Times Magazine. New York Times, 9 May 2010. Web. The passage appears on page 47.

New studies reveal that toddlers engage in altruistic behavior. Bloom reports on experiments where toddlers, without external prompts, came to the aid of a stranger struggling with a physical task (47).

Read each of the following passages and the information about their sources. Then determine whether the sentence uses the source appropriately. Select Plagiarized if the sentence is not acceptable. Select OK if the sentence uses and acknowledges the source appropriately. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4g.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4g.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"--something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. New York: Owl-Holt, 2005. Print. The passage appears on pages 202-03. Huge numbers of immigrant workers stream into the United States each year looking for jobs in landscaping or construction, house cleaning or childcare.

Plagiarized

Directions: For the following question use this excerpt from Michaela Cullington's report, "Does Texting Affect Writing?" A September 2008 article in USA Today entitled "Texting, Testing Destroys Kids' Writing Style" summarizes many of the most common complaints about the effect of texting. It states that according to the National Center for Education Statistics, only 25% of high school seniors are "proficient" writers. The article quotes Jacquie Ream, a former teacher and author of K.I.S.S .— Keep It Short and Simple, a guide for writing more effectively. Ream states, "[W]e have a whole generation being raised without communication skills." She blames the use of acronyms and shorthand in text messages for students' inability to spell and ultimately to write well. Ream also points out that students struggle to convey emotion in their writing because, as she states, in text messages "emotions are always sideways smiley faces." A summary of this selection would include all of the following sentences EXCEPT:

The National Center for Education Statistics tracks the writing skills of public high school students.

Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Because of physiological and behavioral differences, exposures among children are expected to be different from exposures among adults. Children may be more exposed to some environmental contaminants, because they consume more of certain foods and water per unit of body weight and have a higher ratio of body surface area to volume than adults. Equally important, rapid changes in behavior and physiology may lead to differences in exposure as a child grows up. From United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook (Final Report). Sept. 2008. Web. 5 November 2009. The passage appears on page 1-1.

In its handbook, the United States Environmental Protection Agency sets out factors for assessing children's exposure to various contaminants and pollutants. Children are more vulnerable to chemicals than adults because they consume more food and water as a proportion of their body weight. Children's exposure to environmental pollutants through their body surface area may be significantly higher than that for adults. And as children grow and behaviors change, their exposure also changes (1-1).

Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Unlike the staggered luncheon sessions I observed at Walton High, lunch was served in a single sitting to the students in this school. "It's physically impossible to feed 3,300 kids at once," the teacher said. "The line for kids to get their food is very long and the entire period lasts only 30 minutes. It takes them 15 minutes just to walk there from their classes and get through the line. They get 10 minutes probably to eat their meals. A lot of them don't try. You've been a teacher, so you can imagine what it does to students when they have no food to eat for an entire day. The schoolday here at Fremont is eight hours long." From Kozol, Jonathan. The Shame of the Nation: The Restoration of Apartheid Schooling in America. New York: Crown, 2005. Print. The passage appears on page 176.

Kozol observes the strain on Fremont's students at lunchtime, when all of the 3,300 students in attendance are served in one 30-minute meal period. One teacher calculates that the extended walk to the cafeteria and long food lines create a 10-minute window for students to eat. What often results is that many students go all day without a meal (176).

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is quoting from page 258 of the article with the following works cited entry: Reichert, Julie, Brian Solan, Craig Timm, and Summers Kalishman. "Narrative Medicine and Emerging Clinical Practice." Literature and Medicine 27.2 (2008): 248-71. Print.

Many medical students participating in the study "commented on the ways that writing helped them become more observant and thoughtful" (Reichert et al. 258).

Read each of the following passages and the information about their sources. Then determine whether the sentence uses the source appropriately. Select Plagiarized if the sentence is not acceptable. Select OK if the sentence uses and acknowledges the source appropriately. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4g.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4g.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Radio was a new thrill for many Americans in the twenties, but it had extraordinary value for the isolated farm families of the Midwest, for whom solitude loomed as a daily problem. Radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports, and it was an easy way to enjoy the pleasure of other people's company. In-person visiting was a special event that often meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor; frequently the press of chores or bad weather made that impossible. But with a radio, women could continue their housework as they listened to a friendly voice; men working in the barn had access to weather reports and farm programs. Stern, Jane and Michael Stern. Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food. Boston: Houghton, 2005. Print. The passage appears on page 103. Stern and Stern explain that for farmers a visit with neighbors "meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor" (103).

OK

Read each of the following passages and the information about their sources. Then determine whether the sentence uses the source appropriately. Select Plagiarized if the sentence is not acceptable. Select OK if the sentence uses and acknowledges the source appropriately. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4g.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4g.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"--something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. New York: Owl-Holt, 2005. Print. The passage appears on pages 202-03. Ehrenreich cites a consistent pool of low-paying jobs that some white-collar workers disdain and regard as jobs of last resort (202-03).

OK

Read each of the following passages and the information about their sources. Then determine whether the sentence uses the source appropriately. Select Plagiarized if the sentence is not acceptable. Select OK if the sentence uses and acknowledges the source appropriately. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4g.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4g.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"--something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. New York: Owl-Holt, 2005. Print. The passage appears on pages 202-03. Ehrenreich explains that in the current economy "even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover . . . guarantees a steady supply of openings" for low-paying jobs (202-03).

OK

Read each of the following passages and the information about their sources. Then determine whether the sentence uses the source appropriately. Select Plagiarized if the sentence is not acceptable. Select OK if the sentence uses and acknowledges the source appropriately. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4g.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4g.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"--something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. New York: Owl-Holt, 2005. Print. The passage appears on pages 202-03. According to Ehrenreich, these "survival jobs" are something to do while waiting for a real job to come along.

Plagiarized

Read each of the following passages and the information about their sources. Then determine whether the sentence uses the source appropriately. Select Plagiarized if the sentence is not acceptable. Select OK if the sentence uses and acknowledges the source appropriately. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4g.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4g.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"--something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. New York: Owl-Holt, 2005. Print. The passage appears on pages 202-03. For the workers who do not have the luxury to care about salary or prestige, there are many work choices (Ehrenreich 202).

Plagiarized

Read each of the following passages and the information about their sources. Then determine whether the sentence uses the source appropriately. Select Plagiarized if the sentence is not acceptable. Select OK if the sentence uses and acknowledges the source appropriately. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4g.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4g.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Radio was a new thrill for many Americans in the 1920S, but it had extraordinary value for the isolated farm families of the Midwest, for whom solitude loomed as a daily problem. Radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports, and it was an easy way to enjoy the pleasure of other people's company. In-person visiting was a special event that often meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor; frequently the press of chores or bad weather made that impossible. But with a radio, women could continue their housework as they listened to a friendly voice; men working in the barn had access to weather reports and farm programs. From Stern, Jane, and Michael Stern. Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food. Boston: Houghton, 2005. Print. The passage appears on page 103. Jane Stern and Michael Stern note that because many Midwestern farm families were isolated, radio provided a new thrill and extraordinary value (103).

Plagiarized

Read each of the following passages and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source The original vision of charter schools in 1988, when the idea was popularized, was that they would be created by venturesome public school teachers who would seek out the most alienated students, those who had dropped out or those who were likely to do so. The teachers in these experimental schools would find better ways to reach these students and bring what they'd learned back to the regular public school. The fundamental idea at the beginning of the movement was that charter schools would help public schools and enroll students who needed extra attention and new strategies. From Ravitch, Diane. "Why I Changed My Mind."The Nation 14 June 2010: 20-24. Print. The passage appears on page 22 of the article.

Ravitch notes that originally charter schools were supposed to reach at-risk students with better strategies and creative teachers. These teachers would then also find ways to share these innovations with more traditional public schools (22).

Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Scientists say juggling e-mail, phone calls and other incoming information can change how people think and behave. They say our ability to focus is being undermined by bursts of information. These play to a primitive impulse to respond to immediate opportunities and threats. The stimulation provokes excitement — a dopamine squirt — that researchers say can be addictive. In its absence, people feel bored. From Richtel, Matt. "Hooked on Gadgets, and Paying a Mental Price." New York Times. New York Times, 7 June 2010. Web. The article was accessed online, in a version that appeared without page numbers.

Researchers explain that we erode our ability to focus when we expose ourselves to constant e-mail, messages, and other bits of information. These stimuli excite the brain but can become addictive, so that we become bored when the stimuli are removed (Richtel).

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is quoting from page 194 of the following work, which is one of two works by the author Deborah Tannen in the list of works cited: Tannen, Deborah. You're Wearing That? Understanding Mothers and Daughters in Conversation. New York: Ballantine, 2006.

Tannen claims that in some cases a new medium such as email "just substitutes a new form for an old function" (You're Wearing That? 194).

Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Thomas Jefferson had made it unmistakably clear to Lewis and Clark that their foremost objective was to find "the direct water communication from sea to sea formed by the bed of the Missouri & perhaps the Oregon." But in his detailed letter of instructions to Lewis, Jefferson devoted more words to the Indian nations than to any other topic. Not only was Jefferson intensely curious about the tribes, he wanted Lewis and Clark to wean their loyalties away from the despised British traders and enfold them into the orbit of American trade and commerce. From Jones, Landon Y. William Clark and the Shaping of the West. New York: Hill-Farrar, 2004. The passage appears on pages 130-31.

Thomas Jefferson's instructions to Lewis and Clark laid out their main goal which was to find a water route west to the Pacific Ocean. Jefferson's letter, however, also made clear his great interest in the Indian nations they would meet and his secondary objective: Lewis and Clark should work to persuade Indian nations to trade with Americans and not the British (Jones, 130-31).

Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Thomas Jefferson had made it unmistakably clear to Lewis and Clark that their foremost objective was to find "the direct water communication from sea to sea formed by the bed of the Missouri & perhaps the Oregon." But in his detailed letter of instructions to Lewis, Jefferson devoted more words to the Indian nations than to any other topic. Not only was Jefferson intensely curious about the tribes, he wanted Lewis and Clark to wean their loyalties away from the despised British traders and enfold them into the orbit of American trade and commerce. From Jones, Landon Y. William Clark and the Shaping of the West. New York: Hill-Farrar, 2004. The passage appears on pages 130-31. Correct!

Thomas Jefferson's instructions to Lewis and Clark laid out their main goal which was to find a water route west to the Pacific Ocean. Jefferson's letter, however, also made clear his great interest in the Indian nations they would meet and his secondary objective: Lewis and Clark should work to persuade Indian nations to trade with Americans and not the British (Jones, 130-31).

Select the entry that correctly uses MLA style for in-text documentation. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, pp. 112-18.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-mla-a.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. The student is quoting from page 27 of the following article: Robin, Corey. "Garbage and Gravitas." The Nation 7 June 2010: 21-27. Print.

Toward the end of a review of two biographies about Ayn Rand, Robin asks the following question: "How could such "a second-rater exert such a continuing influence on the culture at large?" (27).

Read he following passage and the information about its source. Then decide which paraphrase of the passage is better. (See The Little Seagull Handbook 2e, R-4c.) http://wwnorton.com/college/english/write/LSH2e/full/r-4c.html (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Original source Yoko became the epitome of Fluxus multimedia antiart. Her works tended to be sculpture, or rather three-dimensional collage, assembled from quotidian objects and usually inviting physical contact with the observer. Sometimes the creation would be a piece of theatre, with the role of the artwork played by the artist and the audience's reactions serving to illuminate some truth about the nature of art or the human condition in general. From Norman, Phillip. John Lennon: The Life. New York: Random, 2009. Print. The excerpt is from page 474.

Yoko Ono's multimedia art, as Norman describes it, included sculptures made out of everyday objects. Her work, particularly the pieces that were like theater, often encouraged the viewer to come into contact with the art and challenged viewers to react and to think about the definition of art (474).

Directions: For the following question use this excerpt from Hannah Berry's analysis, "The Fashion Industry: Free to Be an Individual." As young women, we have always been told through the medium of advertisement that we must use certain products to make ourselves beautiful. For decades, ads for things like soap, makeup, and mouthwash have established a sort of misplaced control over our lives, telling us what will make us attractive and what will not. Recently, however, a new generation of advertisement has emerged in the fashion industry, one that cleverly equates the products shown in the ads with the quest for confident individuality. Ads such as the two for Clarks and Sorel discussed below encourage us to break free from the standard beauty mold and be ourselves; using mostly imagery, they remind us that being unique is the true origin of beauty. The main idea of this excerpt is _______.

beauty advertisements encourage individuality in young women