Mod 1: Digital Content

ASCII

(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) A code that represents characters as a series of 1s and 0s. Most computers use this code to represent text, making it possible to transfer data between computers.

Gigabit

(Gb or Gbit) Approximately one billion bits, exactly 1,024 megabits

Gigabyte

(Gb or Gbit) approximately 1 billion bytes, exactly 1024 megabits (1,073,741,824 bytes)

Kilobyte

(KB) Approximately 1,000 bytes; exactly 1,024 bytes.

Kilobit

(Kbit or Kb) 1024 bits

Megabyte

(MB) approximately 1 million bytes; exactly 1048576 bytes

Megabit

(Mb or Mbit) 1,048,576 bits

Graphics stored in True Color format require ____ bits for each pixel.

24

Unicode

A 16-bit character-representation code that can represent more than 65,000 characters.

Lossless Compression

A compression technique that is able to reconstitute all of the data in the original file; hence "lossless" means that this compression technique does not lose data

Binary number system

A method for representing numbers using only two digits: 0 and 1. Contrast to the decimal number system, which uses ten digits: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9

delimiter

A special character used to separate commands or formatting characters from the rest of the text in a file.

UTF-8

A variable-length coding scheme that uses seven bits for common ASCII characters, but uses 16-bit Unicode as necessary.

Byte

An 8-bit unit of data that represents a single character.

Lossy Compression

Any data compression technique in which some of the data is sacrificed to obtain more compression

A ____ is a 0 or 1 used in the digital representation of data.

Bit

____ is the number of bits that is processed during a specific unit of time, usually during one second.

Bit rate

A group of eight bits is called a _______.

Byte

A digital camera captures images on the photosites of a(n) ____. (Use Acronym)

CCD

A(n) ____ is the software that compressed a video stream when a video is stored, and decompresses the file when the video is played.

CODEC

The process of converting analog video signals into digital format is referred to as video ____.

Capture

file name extension

Characters in a file name after the period, such .exe and .txt

Bit rates can be scaled down by reducing the resolution and applying ____ techniques.

Compression

Image ____ refers to any technique that recorded the data in an image file so that it contains fewer bits.

Compression

The audio components for Siri and similar services are obtained by recording real voices and then applying ____ speech synthesis.

Concatenative

MP4 is an example of a video ____ format.

Container

Digitization

Converting non-digital information or media to a digital format through the use of a scanner, sampler, or other input device.

analog data

Data that is measured or represented on a continuously varying scale, such as a dimmer switch or a watch with a sweep second hand.

A characteristic of bitmap graphics is that they are resolution ____, so that reducing the resolution also reduces the image quality.

Dependent

____ music, speech, and other sounds represented in binary format for use in digital devices.

Digital audio

Which of the following is not a format that is used for digital audio? (OGG, WAV, MP3, DOC)

Doc

Both scanners and digital cameras produce vector graphics. (T or F)

False

MIDI files are less compact than digital audio files.(T or F)

False

The binary number system has only two digits: 1 and 2.

False

Character data

Letters, symbols, or numerals that will not be used in arithmetic operations (name, Social Security number, etc.).

Audio formats such as MP3, Ogg Vorbis, and AAC have good sound quality even though they use ____ compression.

Lossy

____ files store a series of instructions that specify which notes to play, their duration, and their volume.

MIDI

Numeric Data

Numbers that represent quantities and can be used in arithmetic operations

An undesirable jagged appearance is referred to as____.

Pixelation

The most popular True Color Formats for Web Graphics include ____ and JPEG. (PNG)

Portable network graphics

The "p" in 1080p stands for ____ scan.

Progressive

Today's color display devices represent color using the ____ color model.

RGB

A process called ____ converts vector graphics into bitmap images.

Rasterization

A vector graphic can be converted into a bitmap graphic through a process called ____.

Rasterization

The process of covering a wireframe with surface color and texture is called ____.

Rendering

Based on XML _______ is a popular format for vector graphics on the web.

SVG

____ rate refers to the number of times per second that a sound is measured during the recording process.

Sampling

Extended ASCII

Similar to ASCII but with 8-bit character representation instead of 7-bit, allowing for an additional 128 characters.

Two images form a stereo pair displayed side by side are called a(n) ____.

Stereogram

Data

Symbols a computer uses to represent facts and ideas

ASCII text

Text files that contain no embedded formatting codes.

Digital Data

Text, numbers, graphics, or sound represented by discrete digits, such as 1s and 0s.

file format

The method of organization used to encode and store data in a computer. Text formats include DOCX and TXT. Graphics formats include BMP, TIFF, GIF, and PNG.

Data Compression

The process of shrinking the size of a file by removing data or recoding it more efficiently.

Binary

The representation of data using two states, such as off-on or 1-0.

bit

The smallest unit of information handled by a computer. A but is one of two values, either a 0 or a 1. Eight bits constitute a byte, which can represent a letter or a number.

Data Representation

The use of electronic signals, marks, or binary digits to represent character, numeric, visual, or audio data.

The technique of adding light and shadows to a 3D image is called ray ____.

Tracing

Digital photographs are stored as bitmap files. (T or F)

True

Digital video uses bits to store color and brightness data for each video frame. (T or F)

True

In digital video, a lower resolution reduces the bit rate. (T or F)

True

Vector graphics require more storage space than but maps, but vectors can be enlarged without becoming pixelated. (T or F)

True

When you change a(n) ____ graphic, the objects change proportionally and maintain their smoother edges.

Vector

A 3D image is based on an assemblage of vectors called a(n) ___.

Wireframe

file

a named collection of data that exists on a storage medium

The process of ripping tracks from an audio CD to a digital format such as MP3 is called digital audio ____.

extraction

Data becomes ____ when it is presented in a format that people can understand and use.

information

ASCII requires __________ bits for each character.

seven

____ is the process by which machines produce sound that resembles spoken words.

speech synthesis

OCR

the ability of a device or software to digitize text from printed sources