MOD 4.2

The fact that more white women than white men vote for the Democratic Party is an example of a(n)---- gap

gender

Which theory argues that a party can maximize its vote by placing itself at the location of the middle voter's preference?

median voter theory

A ______ political system is made up of at least three political parties.

multiparty

Organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to government office are known as

political parties

Which of the following accurately ranks the amount of media coverage of candidates from highest to lowest?

presidential candidates, Senate candidates, House candidates

An election in which voters choose the party's nominees is called a--- election

primary

Voting for a candidate's promises rather than his or her past actions is an example of what is called --- voting

prospective

A permanent shift in party allegiances or electoral support is known as a party

realignment

Which type of third party arises from a belief that partisan politics needs large-scale change?

reform parties

Many voters cast a ______, where they only vote for candidates of one party.

straight ticket

Who oversees the day-to-day operations of the political party's national organization?

the national chair

Which of the following are roles that national political parties have?

to raise money for congressional campaigns to seek media coverage of party positions and activities

Primaries in which candidates of both parties are on the same ballot and the first and second finishers compete in the general election are called Blank______ primaries.

top two

Black Americans are an important part of the Democratic Party's coalition; nearly ______ percent of them regularly vote for Democrats.

90

What percentage of party activists work within local political party organizations?

95

Which two political parties were competitive during the first party system?

Democratic-Republicans Federalists

Local, state, and national party organizations are hierarchical in structure.

F

True or false: The Internet has overtaken television as the principal medium of election politics.

F

True or false: Today's candidates are more likely than before to owe their nomination to the efforts of their political party organization.

F

Which of the following states have closed/partially closed primaries?

Florida North Carolina Nevada

Which of the following are true about political contributions called hard money?

Hard money is subject to legal limits. Hard money is money political parties give to candidates. Hard money can be spent as the recipient chooses. Hard money is money given directly to a candidate.

State parties are involved with which of the following activities?

voter registration fundraising

The strongest ideological party in U.S. history was the

Populist party

Which party benefited from the 1896 realignment, which was triggered by an economic depression following a banking crisis under President Grover Cleveland?

RP

The Civil War triggered a party realignment. What were the two major parties following this realignment period?

Republican Party Democratic Party

True or false: The median voter theorem helps to explain why a party may lose an election when it veers too far from the middle of the ideological spectrum.

T

Which is a reason that some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment?

The Republican Party has become stronger in the South and the Democratic Party had become stronger in the Northeast.

Which of the following statements is true regarding a single-member district electoral system?

The candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district.

Which of the following statements about televised debates in presidential campaigns are true?

They are usually part of presidential campaigns.

In politics, what do linkage institutions do?

They connect citizens with government.

Which of the following are true of grassroots parties?

They operate at the local level. They are open to all voters.

How did many of the founders of the United States view political parties?

They viewed political parties with suspicion.

State party organizations are usually small and are directed by

a full-time chairperson

What three basic elements are usually involved in a party realignment?

an enduring change in the parties' policies and coalitions a shift in voters' partisan support in elections unusually powerful and divisive issues

all party organizations have a responsibility to

build support among voters

Today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful?

campaign strategists pollsters media producers

The U.S. government functions as a(n) ----- system

2

Which of the following statements describe how U.S. campaigns are both party centered and candidate centered?

Candidates organize their own campaigns. The same parties are represented nationwide.

What usually happens after a third party is relatively successful in attracting votes during a U.S. national election?

One or both major parties will try to co-opt the issue or issues that made the third party successful.

Which of the following is true about candidate-centered campaigns?

They encourage national officeholders to be responsive to local interests.

Political parties and their ability to control politics in the United States have been weakened by ______-centered campaigns.

candidate

The rise of candidate-centered campaigns has had which of the following positive effects?

encouraged national officeholders to respond to local issues made it easier for political newcomers to win high office

In the era of Jacksonian democracy, the efforts of local party organizations, along with the extension of voting rights to citizens without property, contributed to an almost ______ increase in election turnout.

four fold

As compared to those on television, Blank______ have greater control over campaign messages on the Internet.

individual users

Compared to European parties, parties in the United States exercise ______ control over candidates who are running for office.

less

The largest expenditure in presidential campaigns is for which of the following?

media

When a political party makes a(n) Blank______ for an elected office, it selects a person to run as the party's candidate in the general election for that office.

nomination

Local party organizations generally play an active role

only during campaign periods

Which of the following are advantages in raising money for campaigns that incumbents often have over their challengers?

policy influence sought by donors lists of contributors to past campaigns

Which of the following are functions of political consultants?

producing promotional materials gathering voter opinions advising on how to run a successful campaign

Voting for a candidate's past performance rather than future promises is an example of what is called ______ voting.

retrospective

hird parties formed to promote a stance on a particular issue are known as

single issue party

Which of the following voting blocs migrated to the Republican Party during the 1980s and 1990s?

southern whites

When casting a ______, citizens vote for candidates from different parties.

split ticket

America's plurality, or winner-take-all, system of electing candidates works to the disadvantage of Blank

third parties

How many major political parties are there in the United States today

two