MOD 9 - 10

What percentage of the electricity produced in the world today comes from nuclear fusion? A) 0% B) 10% C) 25% D) 40%

A) 0%

Pure heptane would have an octane rating of A) 0. B) 50. C) 75. D) 100.

A) 0.

At present, what approximate percentage of electricity generated in the United States comes from nuclear energy? A) 20% B) 40% C) 60% D) 80%

A) 20%

Given the following analysis of coal samples, which is the best fuel? A) 95%C,5%O B) 75% C, 25% O C) 50% C, 50% O D) 25% C, 75% O

A) 95%C,5%O

What metal, when added as a compound, increases octane rating of gasoline? A) Pb B) Hg C) Na D) Zn

A) Pb

From your body's perspective, glucose is A) a fuel. B) an oxidizing agent. C) a source of structural material. D) all of the above

A) a fuel.

Control rods in a nuclear reactor are used to A) absorb neutrons and slow down fission. B) absorb neutrons and speed up fission. C) release neutrons and slow down fission. D) release neutrons and speed up fission.

A) absorb neutrons and slow down fission.

The highest grade of coal is A) anthracite. B) bituminous. C) lignite. D) peat.

A) anthracite.

Aspartame is a(n) A) artificial sweetener. B) vitamin. C) protein. D) monosaccharide.

A) artificial sweetener.

The primary element in coal is A) carbon. B) hydrogen. C) oxygen. D) sulfur.

A) carbon.

When coal burns A) chemical energy is converted to heat energy. B) heat energy is created. C) chemical energy is destroyed. D) heat energy is converted to electrical energy.

A) chemical energy is converted to heat energy.

Pheromones are A) chemical substances excreted by insects. B) a class of organophosphorus pesticides. C) natural insecticides produced by plants. D) human sex hormones.

A) chemical substances excreted by insects.

Lipoproteins are classified by A) density. B) carbon number. C) amino acid sequence. D) iodine number.

A) density.

To make crude petroleum more useful, it must be A) distilled. B) filtered. C) reduced. D) washed with water.

A) distilled.

The addition of nutrients to replace those lost in processing is called A) enrichment. B) fortification. C) GRAS. D) incidental addition.

A) enrichment.

The second law of thermodynamics defines A) entropy. B) energy. C) heat. D) temperature.

A) entropy.

Which of the following is an endothermic process? A) evaporation of water B) burning of wood C) explosion of dynamite D) discharging of a battery

A) evaporation of water

Which of the following will have the greatest amount of entropy? A) gas B) liquid C) solid D) All have the same amount of entropy.

A) gas

The number of possible microstates will be greatest for a A) gas. B) liquid. C) solid. D) All will have the same number of microstates.

A) gas.

Complex carbohydrates are essentially polymers of A) glucose. B) amino acids. C) nucleic acids. D) cholesterol.

A) glucose.

The main components of petroleum are A) hydrocarbons. B) carbohydrates. C) fats and oils. D) ionic compounds.

A) hydrocarbons.

Which technology is NOT used at all today for the production of electricity? A) nuclear fusion B) nuclear fission C) solar cells D) geothermal power plants

A) nuclear fusion

Water soluble vitamins are A) polar. B) nonpolar. C) ionic. D) hydrocarbons.

A) polar.

Which physical state has the lowest entropy? A) solid B) liquid C) gas D) All have the same entropy.

A) solid

Fat soluble vitamins are A) stored in the body. B) excreted from the body. C) rapidly decomposed in the body. D) less important than water soluble vitamins.

A) stored in the body.

Compared to normal corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup is A) sweeter. B) less sweet. C) the same sweetness. D) higher in calories.

A) sweeter.

The Haber process results in A) the conversion of N2 and H2 to NH3. B) the fixation of N2 to form NO3-. C) the combination of bone phosphate with sulfuric acid to form superphosphate. D) the mining of potassium chloride deposits by using an environmentally friendly method.

A) the conversion of N2 and H2 to NH3.

Natural gas is mainly A) CO2. B) CH4. C) SO2. D) CO and H2.

B) CH4.

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of using coal as a fuel source? A) SO2 is released and contributes to air pollution. B) Coal is the least abundant of the fossil fuels. C) Strip mining is devastating to the environment. D) The cost of transporting coal to power plants or factories is high.

B) Coal is the least abundant of the fossil fuels.

Which of the following statements about humus is NOT correct? A) Humus aids in water retention. B) Humus both increases the loss of nutrients through leaching and increases erosion. C) Humus is a dark-colored material consisting of partially decayed plant or animal matter. D) Humus provides a good environment for earthworms.

B) Humus both increases the loss of nutrients through leaching and increases erosion.

Which fertilizer is also an explosive? A) NH3 B) NH4NO3 C) KCl D) Ca3(PO4)2

B) NH4NO3

Which of the following situations would be an example of kinetic energy? A) a compressed spring B) a nuclear explosion C) a tank of gasoline D) a batter waiting for the ball to be pitched

B) a nuclear explosion

Breeder reactors allow for the use of A) abundant and naturally occurring U-235 as a nuclear fuel. B) abundant and naturally occurring U-238 as a nuclear fuel. C) abundant and naturally occurring Pu-238 as a nuclear fuel. D) Breeder reactors allow for none of the above.

B) abundant and naturally occurring U-238 as a nuclear fuel.

Proteins are polymers of A) glucose. B) amino acids. C) lipids. D) nucleic acids.

B) amino acids.

The first law of thermodynamics is sometimes called the law of A) conservation of mass. B) conservation of energy. C) creation of energy. D) destruction of energy.

B) conservation of energy.

Vitamins can be grouped into two broad categories: A) the B complex and the rest. B) fat soluble and water soluble. C) acids and esters. D) esters and amines.

B) fat soluble and water soluble.

DDT is concentrated in living organisms because it is A) water soluble. B) fat soluble. C) synthetic. D) synthesized in the liver.

B) fat soluble.

The class of foods that has the highest caloric value is A) carbohydrates. B) fats. C) protein. D) vitamins.

B) fats.

Blood sugar is A) fructose. B) glucose. C) lactose. D) sucrose.

B) glucose.

When starch is digested, it is hydrolyzed to A) fructose. B) glucose. C) lactose. D) sucrose.

B) glucose.

The body stores a relatively small amount of excess glucose as A) cellulose. B) glycogen. C) protein. D) fat.

B) glycogen.

The major component of natural gas is A) ethane. B) methane. C) propane. D) butane.

B) methane.

A breeder reactor converts A) nonfissionable U-238 to fissionable U-235. B) nonfissionable U-238 to fissionable Pu-239. C) fissionable U-235 to fissionable U-238. D) fissionable U-235 to fissionable Pu-239.

B) nonfissionable U-238 to fissionable Pu-239.

Insects are attracted to a piece of sticky paper in great numbers. The paper has probably been treated with A) DDT. B) pheromone. C) plutonium. D) parathion.

B) pheromone.

Benzoic acid serves as a A) flavoring. B) preservative. C) coloring agent. D) humectant.

B) preservative.

Fuels are ________ forms of matter. A) oxidized B) reduced C) acidic D) basic

B) reduced

Fuels are A) oxidized forms of matter. B) reduced forms of matter. C) capable of being reduced. D) either oxidized or reduced forms of matter.

B) reduced forms of matter.

The decomposition of 2 mol of water to hydrogen and oxygen requires 137 kcal of energy. The reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form 2 mol of water A) requires 137 kcal. B) releases 137 kcal. C) requires more than 137 kcal. D) releases more than 137 kcal.

B) releases 137 kcal.

A disease or condition that vitamin C is known to cure is A) colds. B) scurvy. C) cancer. D) rickets.

B) scurvy.

The fact that a refrigerator requires energy to move heat from a colder object (the inside of the refrigerator) to a hotter object (the outside of the refrigerator) is a real life observation of which law of thermodynamics? A) first law B) second law C) third law D) fourth law

B) second law

Another name for the first law of thermodynamics is A) the law of conservation of matter. B) the law of conservation of energy. C) the periodic law of the elements. D) the law of universal gravitation.

B) the law of conservation of energy.

The fact that a heat pump requires energy to move heat from a colder object (the outside of a house) to a hotter object (the inside of the house) is a real life observation of which thermodynamic law? A) the first law B) the second law C) the third law D) the fourth law

B) the second law

The inevitable energy lost as heat in the generation of electrical energy in the most efficient fossil fuel based power plant is a result of A) the first law of thermodynamics. B) the second law of thermodynamics. C) a poor understanding of energy conversion. D) designed inefficiencies to increase costs to the consumer.

B) the second law of thermodynamics.

The statement "you can't get something for nothing" is another way of expressing A) the first law of thermodynamics. B) the second law of thermodynamics. C) Boyle's law. D) the third law of thermodynamics.

B) the second law of thermodynamics.

Iodine is an important mineral in the proper functioning of the A) brain. B) thyroid. C) intestines. D) heart.

B) thyroid.

The yellow-orange color of carrots is due primarily to A) chlorophyll. B) β-carotene. C) FD&C yellow. D) BHA.

B) β-carotene.

A watt is A) 1 s/joule. B) 1 cal/s. C) 1 joule/s. D) 1 s/cal.

C) 1 joule/s.

Approximately what percentage of U.S. electricity is generated by the burning of coal? A) 10% B) 30% C) 50% D) 80%

C) 50%

The fat soluble vitamins are A) A,B,C,K. B) A,C,D,K. C) A,D,E,K. D) B,C,D,E.

C) A,D,E,K.

The conversion of coal to gas results in the production of synthesis gas. Synthesis gas is a mixture of A) C and H2O B) CH4 and H2O C) CO and H2 D) CH4 and H2

C) CO and H2

Which of the following is NOT produced during the metabolism of glucose? A) energy B) carbon dioxide C) ammonia D) water

C) ammonia

A good source of complex carbohydrates is A) sucrose. B) lactose. C) cereal grains. D) beef steak.

C) cereal grains.

All of the following examples are classified as potential energy except A) energy stored by position. B) energy in nuclear particles. C) energy of a moving object. D) energy in chemical bonds.

C) energy of a moving object.

Amino acids that are not synthesized by the human body and must be obtained in food sources are called A) nucleic acids. B) carboxylic acids. C) essential amino acids. D) vitamins.

C) essential amino acids.

Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by A) lack of iodine. B) iron deficiency. C) extreme lack of protein and vitamins. D) sedentary life style.

C) extreme lack of protein and vitamins.

Which physical state has the greatest entropy? A) solid B) liquid C) gas D) All have the same entropy.

C) gas

Which of the following is NOT powered by the sun? A) the water cycle B) the winds C) geothermal energy D) biomass production

C) geothermal energy

Animal starch is A) glucose. B) cellulose. C) glycogen. D) fat.

C) glycogen.

The petroleum fraction that has the lowest boiling point is A) gasoline. B) kerosene. C) heating oil. D) natural gas.

C) heating oil.

Iron plays a central role in A) protein synthesis. B) nucleic acid replication. C) hemoglobin structure and oxygen transport. D) bones.

C) hemoglobin structure and oxygen transport.

Excess intake of sodium chloride (salt) can cause A) beriberi. B) goiter. C) hypertension. D) phenylketonuria.

C) hypertension.

Fats and cholesterol are carried in the blood by association with A) hemoglobin. B) lipids. C) lipoproteins. D) glucose.

C) lipoproteins.

Organophosphorus pesticides are generally less ________ than DDT. A) potent B) insect resistant C) persistent D) fat soluble

C) persistent

Photovoltaic cells convert A) solar energy into chemical energy. B) solar energy into mechanical energy. C) solar energy into electrical energy. D) solar energy into heat energy.

C) solar energy into electrical energy.

Which of the following does NOT involve using a biological insect control method? A) releasing sterile males into the wild B) treating insects with juvenile hormones C) using organic phosphorus compounds D) attracting insects with pheromones

C) using organic phosphorus compounds

Pure isooctane would have an octane rating of A) 0. B) 50. C) 75. D) 100.

D) 100.

How many joules of energy will a stock tank heater rated at 1500 watts use in a 24 hour period? A) 1500 B) 1500×24×60 C) 1500 × 3600 D) 1500 × 24 × 3600

D) 1500 × 24 × 3600

Burning 1 mol of methane in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water produces 803 kJ of energy. How much energy is produced when 3 mol of methane is burned? A) 268 kJ B) 803 kJ C) 1,606 kJ D) 2,409 kJ

D) 2,409 kJ

Which of the following is NOT a purpose for combining food with additives? A) to add nutritional value B) to improve the appearance of food C) to retard spoilage D) Additives have been used for all of the above purposes.

D) Additives have been used for all of the above purposes.

An advantage of natural gas as a fuel is that it is A) more abundant than coal. B) easy to locate and extract. C) the cleanest of the fossil fuels. D) All of the above are advantages.

D) All of the above are advantages.

Which of the following products is NOT made from petroleum? A) industrial organic solvents B) detergents C) plastics D) All of the above are made from petroleum.

D) All of the above are made from petroleum.

According to kinetic-molecular theory, reactions occur more rapidly at higher temperatures because A) molecules move faster at higher temperatures. B) molecules collide more frequently at higher temperatures C) molecules have more energy at higher temperatures. D) All of the above are true.

D) All of the above are true.

Which of the following will cause the rate of a chemical reaction to speed up? A) raising the temperature B) increasing the concentration of reactants C) adding a catalyst D) All of these will speed up the rate of a reaction.

D) All of these will speed up the rate of a reaction.

Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis? A) CO2 B) H2O C) H2S D) O2

D) O2

A worker at an experimental agricultural station spills a substance on her lab coat. The next morning her lab coat is covered with sex crazed moths. The spilled substance was probably A) parathion. B) fertilizer. C) DDT. D) a pheromone.

D) a pheromone.

Food additives are used A) as antioxidants. B) to enhance or improve the taste of food. C) as preservatives. D) all of the above

D) all of the above

In the body, fat serves as a A) thermal insulator. B) protective covering of organs. C) reserve energy supply. D) all of the above

D) all of the above

The solar energy absorbing molecules of plants that power photosynthesis are called A) carbohydrates. B) photovoltaics. C) solarases. D) chlorophylls.

D) chlorophylls.

Gasoline is a A) compound. B) pure substance. C) simple mixture of C5 - C12 hydrocarbons. D) complex mixture of C5 - C12 hydrocarbons.

D) complex mixture of C5 - C12 hydrocarbons.

Petroleum is best described as a(n) A) pure substance. B) compound. C) simple mixture. D) complex mixture.

D) complex mixture.

A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that A) produces fuels from water. B) burns gasoline to produce heat. C) converts coal to a gas. D) converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy.

D) converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy.

The body stores most excess glucose as A) cellulose. B) glycogen. C) protein. D) fat.

D) fat.

The petroleum fraction with the highest boiling point is A) gas. B) gasoline. C) kerosene. D) heating oil.

D) heating oil.

The major component of petroleum is (are) A) benzene. B) water. C) organic compounds of sulfur. D) hydrocarbons.

D) hydrocarbons.

You cannot make a bomb from reactor grade uranium because it A) is not radioactive enough. B) is too well guarded. C) would explode prematurely. D) is not enriched enough in uranium-235.

D) is not enriched enough in uranium-235.

The lowest grade of coal is A) anthracite. B) bituminous. C) lignite. D) peat.

D) peat.

Some of the fat-laden foods are cream, butter, margarine and ________. A) fish B) celery C) fruit D) salad oils

D) salad oils

Cholesterol is a A) fully saturated triglyceride. B) highly unsaturated triglyceride. C) fatty acid. D) steroidal alcohol.

D) steroidal alcohol.