Module 1: Intro to Life Span Development

Nonnormative Influences are associated with a specific time period that defines the broader environmental and cultural context in which an individual develops.

False

The dependent variable is manipulated by the investigator and is expected to cause changes in another variable.

False

Biological and environmental factors that have a strong correlation with chronological age, such as puberty or menopause are related to _______.

Normative Age-Graded Influences

The Great Depression, WWII, and The Vietnam War are all examples related to which contextual influence?

Normative History-Graded Influences

A cohort is a group of people who are born at roughly the same time period in a particular society who experience the same historical events and cultural climates which influence their values, priorities, and goals.

True

Cross-Sectional research designs are used to examine behavior in participants of different ages who are tested at the same point in time.

True

A researcher conducted an in-depth study of a child who was raised in isolation and had no contact with same-age peers until age 10. This researcher detailed the child's development in a number of spheres: physical/motor, language/cognitive, social and emotional. What kind of research method is this?

case study

The experimental method is the only research method that can measure _____ and _____ relationships between variables.

cause; effect

Parents track the number of new words their toddler learns each day and are surprised by how many new words their child has learned at the end of one month. By charting their child's language development, these parents are showing an interest in the ________ of human development.

cognitive domain

In order to minimize attrition in studies with infants and children, researchers are advised to ________.

design the study to be as short as possible

While most human development theorists and researchers have focused on infancy and childhood, and some on adolescence, others have explored development over the course of one's entire life, which aligns with Baltes' key principle of lifespan development that ________.

development is lifelong

In a prenatal education class, an instructor informs parents that their child's development will be influenced by many factors, including biological, cognitive, social, and emotional factors. This instructor is addressing which of Baltes' key principles of lifespan development?

development is multidimensional

Brain training programs, which are used to reverse cognitive decline seen in aging, capitalize on the brain's lifelong capacity to reorganize cortical tissue, which aligns with Baltes' key principle of lifespan development that ________.

development is plastic

As an elementary school student, Hayden's life revolves around learning and testing new academic skills, refining motor skills, and developing social relationships with friends and students outside of the family. Hayden is in the ________ period of human development.

middle childhood

Learning about the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes in each phase of human development across the lifespan helps us to more fully understand _________.

people

A pediatrician provides parents with a chart that plots changes in their child's height and weight over time. This growth chart represents a ________ in human development.

physical domain

A counselor is conducting an initial evaluation with a client and asks questions to better understand the client's feelings, relationships, identity, and personality. This counselor is exploring the ________ of human development.

psychosocial domain

Descriptive Research includes:

surveys, observational studies & case studies

Research design is _____.

the strategy for deciding how to collect and analyze data

Childcare practices differ across cultures, and different practices have been found to influence when and how children reach certain developmental milestones, such as sitting, crawling, and walking. Which approach to human development is conveyed by this finding?

Development can follow a different course for each child.

Baltes' Lifespan Perspective Key Principles include all of the following except:

Development is flexible

Listed below are characteristics of physical domains in human development. Which one does not belong?

Language Development

Millennials, those born between 1982 and 2000, are considered tech-savvy because they grew up with technology and rely on it for daily activities. Millennials are defined by characteristics that were formed while growing up with advancements in technology as part of their world and culture. Which of Baltes' contextual influences does this represent?

Normative History-Graded Influences

Research indicates that family education, income, and occupation strongly influence the academic achievement gap across racial/ethnic groups. Which contextual influence on development does this exemplify?

Socioeconomic status

When researchers select participants for their studies in a random way to ensure that all members have an equal chance of being selected, they are demonstrating which value of the scientific method?

The scientific method offers a systematic way to make comparisons and guard against bias.