Module 1 Professional identity & Ethics

A nurse meets with the registered dietitian and physical therapist to develop a plan of care that focuses on improving nutrition and mobility for a patient. This is an example of which Quality and Safety in the Education of Nurses (QSEN) competency? 1. Patient-centered care 2. Safety 3. Teamwork and collaborative 4. Informatics

3. Teamwork and collaboration

Proficient

A nurse with more than 2 to 3 years of experience in the same clinical position. This nurse perceives a patients clinical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation.

advocacy

A patient at the end of life wants to go home to die, but the family wants every care possible. The nurse contacts the primary care provider abut the patient's request

4. Assessing the patient's point of view and preparing to articulate it

A patient is admitted to a medical unit. The patient is fearful of hospitals. The nurse carefully assesses the patient to determine the exact fears and then establishes interventions designed to reduce these fears. In this setting, how is the nurse practicing patient advocacy? 1. Seeking out the nursing supervisor to talk with your patient 2. Documenting patient fears in the medical record in timely manner 3. Working to change the hospital environment 4. Assessing the patient's point of view and preparing to articulate it

2. Beneficence

A child's immunizations may cause discomfort during administration, but the benefits of protection from disease, both for the individual and society, outweigh the temporary discomforts. Which principle is involved in this situation? 1. Fidelity 2. Beneficence 3. Nonmalficence 4. Respect for autonomy

Competent

A nurse who has been in the same clinical position for 2 to 3 years. This nurse understands the organization and specific care required by the type of patients

Advanced beginner

A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.

Contemporary nursing requires that the nurse has knowledge and skills for a variety of professional roles and responsibilities. Which of the following are examples? Select all that apply 1. Caregiver. 2. Autonomy and accountability 3. Patient advocate 4. Health promotion 5. Lobbyist

1. Caregiver 2. Autonomy and accountability 3. Patient advocate 4. Health promotion

The nurse spends time with the patient and family reviewing the dressing change procedure for the patients wound. The patients spouse demonstrates how to change the dressing. The nurse is acting in which professional? 1. Educator 2. Advocate 3. Caregiver 4. Case manager

1. Educator

Health care reform will bring changes in the emphasis of care, which of the following models is expected from health care reform? 1. Moving from an acute illness to a health promotion, illness prevention model. 2. Moving from an illness prevention to a health promotion model 3. Moving from an acute illness to a disease management model 4. Moving from a chronic care to an illness prevention model.

1. Moving from an acute illness to a health promotion, illness prevention model.

Which of the following internet resources can help consumers compare quality care measures? (Select all that apply) 1. Webmd 2. Hospital compare 3. Magent recognition program 4. Hospital consumer assessment of healthcare 5. The American hospital associations webpage.

2. Hospital compare 4. Hospital consumer assessment of healthcare.

An 18-year old woman is in the emergency department with fever and cough. The nurse obtains her vital signs, listens to her lung and heart sounds, determines her level of comfort, and collects blood and sputum samples for analysis. Which standard of practice is performed? 1. Disagnosis 2. Evaluation 3. Assessment 4. Implementation

3. Assessment

A nurse is caring for a patient with end-stage lung disease. The patient wants to go home on oxygen and be comfortable. The family wants the patient to have a new surgical procedure. The nurse explains the risk and benefits of the surgery to the family and discusses the patients wishes with them. The nurse is acting as the patients: 1. Educator 2. Advocate 3. Caregiver 4. Case manager

3. Caregiver.

Nurses in an acute care hospital are attending a unit-based education program to learn how to use a new pressure-relieving device for patients at risk for pressure ulcers. This is which type of education? 1. Continuing education 2. Graduate education 3. In-service education 4. Professional registered nurse education

3. In-service education

You are preparing a presentation for your classmates regarding the clinical care coordination conference for a patient with terminal cancer. As part of the preparation you have your classmates read the Nursing Code of Ethics for Professional Registered Nurses. Your instructor asks the class why this is important. Which of the following statements best describes this code? 1. Improves self-health care 2. Protects the patients confidentially 3. Ensures identical care to all patients 4. Defines the principles of right and wrong to provide patient care.

4. Defines the principles of right and wrong to provide patient care.

A patient in the emergency department has developed wheezing and shortness of breath. The nurse gives the ordered medicated nebulizer treatment now and in 4 hours. Which standard of practice is performed? 1. Planning 2. Evaluation 3. Assessment 4. Implementation

4. Implementation

A critical care nurse is using a computerized decision support system to correctly position her ventilated patients to reduce pneumonia caused by accumulated respiratory secretions. This is an example of which Quality and Safety in the Education of Nurses (QSEN) competency? 1. Patient-centered care 2. Safety 3. Teamwork and collaboration 4. Informatics

4. Informatics

The nurses on an acute care medical floor notice an increase in pressure ulcer formation in their patients. A nurse consultant decides to compare two types of treatment. The first is the procedure currently used to assess for pressure ulcer risk. The second uses a new assessment instrument to identify at-risk patients. Given this information, the nurse consultant exemplifies which career? 1. Clinical nurse specialist 2. Nurse administrator 3. Nurse educator 4. Nurse researcher.

4. Nurse researcher

The examination for register nurse (RN) licensure is exactly the same in every state in the United States. This examination: 1. Guarantees safe nursing care for all patients 2. Ensures standard nursing care for all patients 3. Ensures the honest and ethical care is provided. 4. Provides a minimal standard of knowledge for an RN in practice.

4. Provides a minimal standard of knowledge for an RN in practice.

Expert

A nurse with diverse experience who has an intuitive grasp of an existing or potential clinical problem. This nurse is able to zero in on the problem and focus on multiple dimensions of the situation.

A new graduate nurse is being mentored by a more experienced nurse. They are discussing the ways nurses need to remain active professionally. Which of the statements below indicates the new graduate understands ways to remain involved professionally? (Select all that apply.) A. "I am thinking about joining the health committee at my church." B. "I need to read newspapers, watch news broadcasts, and search the Internet for information related to health." C. "I will join nursing committees at the hospital after I have several years of experience and better understand the issues affecting nursing." D. "Nurses do not have very much voice in legislation in Washington, DC, because of the shortage of nurses.

A. "I am thinking about joining the health committee at my church." B. "I need to read newspapers, watch news broadcasts, and search the Internet for information related to health." Nurses need to be actively involved in their community and be aware of current issues in health care. Staying abreast of current news and public opinion through the media is essential. Nurses need to join nursing committees at all levels of their career, not just when they have experience. Nurses have a powerful voice in the legislature.

You are floated to work on a nursing unit where you are given an assignment that is beyond your capability. What is the best nursing action to take first? A. Call the nursing supervisor to discuss the situation B. Discuss the problem with a colleague C. Leave the nursing unit and go home D. Say nothing and begin your work

A. Call the nursing supervisor to discuss the situation Alerting the nursing supervisor as a representative of the hospital administration is the first step in providing notice that a problem may exist related to insufficient staffing. This notice serves to share the burden of knowledge of the staffing inequity issues that may create an unsafe patient situation for the hospital and nursing staff.

The patient has a fractured femur that is placed in skeletal traction with a fresh plaster cast applied. The patient experiences decreased sensation and a cold feeling in the toes of the affected leg. The nurse observes that the patient's toes have become pale and cold but forgets to document this because one of the nurse's other patients experienced cardiac arrest at the same time. Two days later the patient in skeletal traction has an elevated temperature, and he is prepared for surgery to amputate the leg below the knee. Which of the following statements regarding a breach of duty apply to this situation? (Select all that apply.) A. Failure to document a change in assessment data B. Failure to provide discharge instructions C. Failure to follow the six rights of medication administration D. Failure to use proper medical equipment ordered for patient monitoring E. Failure to notify a health care provider about a change in the patient's condition

A. Failure to document a change in assessment data E. Failure to notify a health care provider about a change in the patient's condition The failure to document a change in assessment data and the failure to notify a health care provider about a change in patient status reflect a breach of duty to the patient.

Which of the following actions, if performed by a registered nurse, would result in both criminal and administrative law sanctions against the nurse? (Select all that apply.) A. Taking or selling controlled substances B. Refusing to provide health care information to a patient's child C. Reporting suspected abuse and neglect of children D. Applying physical restraints without a written physician's order

A. Taking or selling controlled substances D. Applying physical restraints without a written physician's order The inappropriate use of controlled substances is prohibited by every Nurse Practice Act. A physical restraint can be applied only on the written order of a health care provider based on Joint Commission and Medicare guidelines.

Autonomy

An essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical errors.

Clinical nurse specialist (CNS)

An expert clinician in a specialized area of practice; specialty may be identified by a population, a setting, a disease specialty, a type of care, or a type of problem.

Harriet Tubman

Active in the Underground Railroad movement and helped to lead over 300 slaves to freedom.

The nurse notes that an advance directive is on a patient's medical record. Which statement represents the best description of an advance directive guideline the nurse will follow? A. A living will allows an appointed person to make health care decisions when the patient is in an incapacitated state. B. A living will is invoked only when the patient has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state. C. The patient cannot make changes in the advance directive once admitted to the hospital. D. A durable power of attorney for health care is invoked only when the patient has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state.

B. A living will is invoked only when the patient has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state. A living will does not assign another individual to make decisions for the patient. A durable power of attorney for health care is active when the patient is incapacitated or cognitively impaired. A cognitively intact patient may change an advance directive at any time.

A nurse is caring for a patient who recently had coronary bypass surgery. Which are legal sources of standards of care the nurse uses to deliver safe health care? (Select all that apply.) A. Information provided by the head nurse B. Policies and procedures of the employing hospital C. State Nurse Practice Act D. Regulations identified in The Joint Commission's manual E. The American Nurses Association standards of nursing practice

B. Policies and procedures of the employing hospital C. State Nurse Practice Act D. Regulations identified in The Joint Commission's manual E. The American Nurses Association standards of nursing practice Policies and procedures of employing agencies and standards set by statutes, accrediting agencies, and professional organizations describe the minimum requirements for safe care.

A nurse is planning care for a patient going to surgery. Who is responsible for informing the patient about the surgery along with possible risks, complications, and benefits? A. Family member B. Surgeon C. Nurse D. Nurse manager

B. Surgeon The person performing the procedure is responsible for informing the patient about the procedure and its risks, benefits, and possible complications.

Novice

Beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of experience.

Manager

Coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or agency.

A home health nurse notices significant bruising on a 2-yearold patient's head, arms, abdomen, and legs. The patient's mother describes the patient's frequent falls. What is the best nursing action for the home health nurse to take? A. Document her findings and treat the patient B. Instruct the mother on safe handling of a 2-year-old child C. Contact a child abuse hotline D. Discuss this story with a colleague

C. Contact a child abuse hotline Nurses are mandated reporters of suspected child abuse. These assessment findings possibly indicate child abuse.

You are the night shift nurse and are caring for a newly admitted patient who appears to be confused. The family asks to see the patient's medical record. What is the first nursing action to take? A. Give the family the record B. Give the patient the record C. Discuss the issues that concern the family with them D. Call the nursing supervisor

C. Discuss the issues that concern the family with them Family members do not have the right to private personal health information without the consent of the patient. Establishing a therapeutic relationship with the family and exploring their concerns gives you the information you need to determine how to best address their concerns.

A nurse notes that the health care unit keeps a listing of the patient names at the front desk in easy view for health care providers to more efficiently locate the patient. The nurse talks with the nursing manager because this action is a violation of which act? A. Mental Health Parity Act B. Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) C. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) D. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act

C. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) The Privacy Rule of HIPAA requires that patient information be protected from unnecessary publication.

The nurse received a hand-off report at the change of shift in the conference room from the night shift nurse. The nursing student assigned to the nurse asks to review the medical records of the patients assigned to them. The nurse begins assessing the assigned patients and lists the nursing care information for each patient on each individual patient's message board in the patient rooms. The nurse also lists the patients' medical diagnoses on the message board. Later in the day the nurse discusses the plan of care for a patient who is dying with the patient's family. Which of these actions describes a violation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)? A. Discussing patient conditions in the nursing report room at the change of shift B. Allowing nursing students to review patient charts before caring for patients to whom they are assigned C. Posting medical information about the patient on a message board in the patient's room D. Releasing patient information regarding terminal illness to family when the patient has given permission for information to be shared

C. Posting medical information about the patient on a message board in the patient's room Posting the medical condition of a patient on a message board in the patient's room is not necessary for the patient's treatment. Doing so can result in this information being accessed by persons who are not involved in the patient's treatment.

A nurse stops to help in an emergency at the scene of an accident. The injured party files a suit, and the nurse's employing institution insurance does not cover the nurse. What would probably cover the nurse in this situation? A. The nurse's automobile insurance B. The nurse's homeowner's insurance C. The Good Samaritan laws, which grant immunity from suit if there is no gross negligence D. The Patient Care Partnership, which may grant immunity from suit if the injured party consents

C. The Good Samaritan laws, which grant immunity from suit if there is no gross negligence The Good Samaritan law holds the health care provider immune from liability as long as he or she functions within the scope of his or her expertise.

A nurse is sued for failure to monitor a patient appropriately after a procedure. Which of the following statements are correct about this lawsuit? (Select all that apply.) A. The nurse represents the plaintiff. B. The defendant must prove injury, damage, or loss. C. The person filing the lawsuit has the burden of proof. D. The plaintiff must prove that a breach in the prevailing standard of care caused an injury.

C. The person filing the lawsuit has the burden of proof. D. The plaintiff must prove that a breach in the prevailing standard of care caused an injury. The patient as plaintiff must prove that the defendant nurse had a duty, breached the duty, and because of this breach caused the patient injury or damage.

Nurse researcher

Conducts evidence-based practice and research to improve nursing care and further define and expand the scope of nursing practice.

A woman who is a Jehovah's Witness has severe life-threatening injuries and is hemorrhaging following a car accident. The health care provider ordered 2 units of packed red blood cells to treat the woman's anemia. The woman's husband refuses to allow the nurse to give his wife the blood. What is the nurse's responsibility? A. Obtain a court order to give the blood B. Coerce the husband into giving the blood C. Call security and have the husband removed from the hospital D. Abide by the husband's wishes and inform the health care provider

D. Abide by the husband's wishes and inform the health care provider Adult patients such as those who are Jehovah's Witnesses are able to refuse treatment for personal religious reasons.

A homeless man enters the emergency department seeking health care. The health care provider indicates that the patient needs to be transferred to the City Hospital for care. This action is most likely a violation of which of the following laws? A. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) B. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) C. Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) D. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)

D. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) The EMTALA requires that an emergency situation needs to be established and that the patient needs to be stabilized before a transfer is appropriate.

Genomics

Describes the study of all the genes in a person and interactions of these genes with one another and with that persons environment.

4, 5, 2, 1, 6, 3

Ethical dilemmas often arise over a conflict of opinion. Reliance on a predictable series of steps can help people in a conflict find common ground. What is the best order of these actions in order to promote the resolution of an ethical dilemma? 1. List the actions that could be taken to resolve the action over time 2. Agree on a statement of the problem or dilemma that you are trying to resolve 3. Agree on a plan to evaluate action overtime 4. Gather all relevant information regarding the clinical, social and spiritual aspects of the dilemma. 5. Take time to clarify values and distinguish between two facts and opinions--your own and those of others involved. 6. Negotiate a plan

Educator

Explains concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patients progress in learning.

Mary Mahoney

First professionally trained African American nurse; concerned with the effect culture had on health care, and as noted nursing leader she brought forth an awareness of cultural diversity and respect for the individual, regardless of background, race, color, and religion.

Certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA)

Provide surgical anesthesia under the guidance and supervision of an anesthesiologist who is a physician with advanced knowledge of surgical anesthesia.

Clara Barton

Founder of the American Red Cross, tended soldiers on the battlefields, cleansing their wounds, meeting their basic needs, and comforting them in death.

Teamwork and collaboration

Function effectively within nursing and interpreted signal teams, costing open communication, mutual respect, and shared decision making to achieve quality patient care.

Caregiver

Help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level of function and independence through the healing process.

Nurse practitioner (NP)

Provides health care to a group of patients, usually in an outpatient, ambulatory care, or community-based setting. Provide care for patients with complex problems and a more holistic approach then physicians.

3. Nurses develop a relationship with the patient that is unique among all professional health care providers.

In most ethical dilemmas in healthcare, the solution to the dilemma requires negotiation among members of the health care team. Why is the nurse's point of view valuable? 1. Nurses understand the principle of autonomy to guide respect for a patient's self-worth 2. Nurses have a scope of practice that encourages their presence during ethical decisions 3. Nurses develop a relationship with the patient that is unique among all professional health care providers. 4. The nurse's code of ethics recommends that a nurse be present at any ethical discussion about patient care

Evidence-based practice

Integrate best current evidence with clinical expertise and patient/family preferences and values for delivery of optimal health care.

Certified nurse-midwife (CNM)

Provides independent care for women during normal pregnancy, labor, and delivery and care for the newborn.

Patient centered care

Recognize the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patients preferences, values, and needs.

Continuing education

Involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care institutions.

2, 3, 4, 5

It can be difficult to agree on a common definition of the word quantity when it comes to quality of life. Why? (select all that apply) 1. Average income varies in different regions of the country 2. Community vales influence definitions of quality, and are subject to change over time 3. Individual experiences influence perceptions of quality in different ways, making consensus difficult. 4. The value of elements such as cognitive skills, ability to perform meaningful work, and relationship to family is difficult to quantify using objective measures 5. Statistical analysis is difficult to apply when the outcome cannot be quantified 6. Whether or not a person has a job is an objective measure, but it does not play a role in understanding quality of life

Nurse administrator

Manages patient care and the delivery of specific nursing services within a health care agency

Safety

Minimize risk of harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance.

Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster

Opened the Henry street settlement, which focused on the health needs of poor people who lived in tenements in New York City.

Mother Bickerdyke

Organized ambulance services and walked abandoned battlefields at night, looking for wounded soldiers.

In-service education

Programs that are instructing and training provided by a health care agency or institution. Designed to increase the knowledge, skills, and competencies of nurses and other health care professionals employed by the institution.

Advocate

Protect your patients human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises.

1. To articulate the nurses' unique point of view, including knowledge based on clinical and psychosoical observation

Resolution of an ethical dilemma involves discussion with the patient, the patient's family, and participants from all health care disciplines. Which of the following best describes the role of the nurse in the resolution of ethical dilemma? 1. To articulate the nurses' unique point of view, including knowledge based on clinical and psychosoical observation 2. To study the literature on current research about the possible clinical interventions available for the patient in question 3. To hold a point of view but realize that respect for the authority of administrators and physicians takes precedence over personal opinion 4. To allow the patient and the physician to resolve the dilemma on the basis of ethical principles without regard to personal held values or opinions

Florence Nightingale

Saw the role of nursing as having "charge of somebody's health" based on the knowledge of "how to put the body in such a state to be free of disease or to recover from disease." Developed first organized program for training nurses; first practice nurse epidemiologist; "lady with The lamp"

3. No, because even though the patient identifiers are removed, someone could identify the patient on the basis of other comments that you could make online about his or her conditions and your place of work

The ANA code of nursing ethics articulates that the nurse "promotes, advocates for, and strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of the patient". This includes the protection of patient privacy. On the basis of this principle, if you participate in a public online social network such as Facebook, could you post images of a patient's x-ray film if you obscured or deleted all patient identifiers? 1. Yes, because the patient privacy would not be violated since patient identifiers were removed 2. Yes, because respect for autonomy implies that you have the autonomy to decide what constitutes as privacy 3. No, because even though the patient identifiers are removed, someone could identify the patient on the basis of other comments that you could make online about his or her conditions and your place of work 4. No, because the principle of justice requires you to allocate resources fairly

2. In a diverse community it can be difficult to find agreement on a definition of usefulness, the focus of utilitarianism

The application of utilitarianism does not always resolve and ethical dilemma. Which of the following statements best explains why? 1. Utilitarianism refers to usefulness and therefore eliminate the need to talk about spiritual values 2. In a diverse community it can be difficult to find agreement on a definition of usefulness, the focus of utilitarianism 3. Even when the agreement about a definition of usefulness exists in a community law, laws prohibit an application of utilitarianism 4. Difficult ethical decisions cannot be resolved by talking about the usefulness of a procedure

1, 2, 5

The ethics of care suggests that ethical dilemmas can best be solved by attention to relationships. How does this differ from other ethical practices? (select all that apply) 1. Ethics of care pays attention to the environment in which caring occurs 2. Ethics of care us used only in nursing practice 3. Ethics of care focuses only on the code of ethics for nursing 4. Ethics of care focuses only on only understanding relationships

Mary Adelaide Nutting

The first nursing professor at Columbia teachers college in 1906, was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities.

Advanced practice registered nurse (APRN)

The most independent functioning nurse; has advanced education in pathophysiology, pharmacology, and physical assessment and certification and expertise in a specialized area of practice.

4, 2, 3, 1

The patient for whom you are caring needs a liver transplant to survive. This patient has been out of work for several months and doesn't have heath insurance or enough cash. Even though several ethical principles are at work in this case, list the principles from highest to lowest priority. 1. Accountability: You are the nurse are accountable for the well-being of this patient 2. Respect for autonomy: The patient's autonomy will be violated if he does not receive the liver transplant 3. Ethics of care: The caring thing that a nurse could provide this patient is resources for a liver transplant 4. Justice: The greatest question in this situation is how to determine the just distribution of the resources

nonmaleficence

The point of the ethical practice is an agreement to reassure the public that in all ways the health care team not only works to heal patients but agrees to do this in the least painful and harmful way possible. This principle is commonly called the principle of _____________?

Nursing

The protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response; and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.

Quality improvement

Use data to monitor the outcomes of care processes and use improvement methods to design and test changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of health care systems.

Informatics

Use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision making.

2, 4, 1, 3, 5, 7, 6

What are the correct steps to resolve an ethical dilemma on a clinical unit? Place the steps in correct order. 1. Clarify values 2. Ask the questions, Is this an ethical dilemma? 3. Verbalize the problem 4. Gather information 5. Identify course of action 5. Evaluate the plan 6. Negotiate the plan

1. Fidelity

When designing a plan for pain management for a postoperative patient, the nurse assesses the patient's priority is to be as free of pain as possible. The nurse and patient work together to identify a plan to manage the pain. The nurse continually reviews the plan with the patient to ensure that the patient's priority is met. Which principle is used to encourage the nurse to monitor the patient's response to the pain? 1. Fidelity 2. Beneficence 3. Nonmalficence 4. Respect for autonomy

1, 2, 4

Which of the following properly applies an ethical principle to justify access to health care? (select all that apply) 1. Access to health care reflects the commitment of society to principles of beneficence and justice 2. If low income compromises access to care, respect for autonomy is compromised 3. Access to health care is a privilege in the United Sates, not a right 4. Poor access to affordable health care causes her, that is ethically troubling because nonmalficence is a basic principle of health care ethics. 5. Providers are exempt from fidelity to peo;e with drug addiction because addiction reflect a lack of personal accountability 6. If a new drug is discovered that cures a disease but at great cost per patient, the principle of justice suggests that the drug should be made available to those who can afford it

Nurse educator

Works primarily in schools of nursing, staff development departments of health care agencies, and patient education departments.

accountability

You administer a once-a-day cardiac medication at the wrong time, but nobody sees it. However you contact the primary care provider and your head nurse and follow agency procedure

Accountability

You are responsible professionally and legally for the type of and quality of nursing care provided.

confidentiality

You see an open medical record on the computer and close it so no one else can read the record without proper access.

responsibility

You tell your patine that you will return in 30 minutes to give him his next pain medication