Module 1, Unit 4

In Linux, _____ utility is often used to run tasks or scripts at a particular time

CRON

What are the various ways of running Task Manager (taskmgr)?

CTRL+SHIFT+ESC, right-clicking the taskbar, or right-clicking the Start button (START+X)

Terminating a process in task manager (taskmgr) is often called?

"killing" the process

What is it called when an OS can use the fixed disk to supplement RAM by paging it to the disk?

A pagefile or virtual memory.

a Windows process that does not require any sort of user interaction and thus runs in the background (without a window) is called?

A service

What is the registry and how does it distinguish Windows and Linux?

The registry is a database of configuration settings supporting the Windows OS. Linux uses individual text files to store settings.

The OS will do the best job it can with the resources available; if there is not enough memory the only real solution is?

To install more or run fewer programs simultaneously

True or false? A standard user cannot change their own password.

FALSE. An ordinary user can change their password but not anyone else's password.

True or False: There is a lot to configure in terms of memory management.

FALSE: There is not a lot to configure.

Users that should have only sufficient permissions required to perform tasks and no more is called?

Least Privilege

Badly written programs and malware can cause a ________where the process keeps claiming memory addresses without releasing them.

Memory leak

This type of storage component is volatile, meaning that it is only preserved while the system is powered up.

System Memory

What are the two main types of storage components?

System memory and mass storage (or fixed disk storage)

True or False: A disk must have at least one partition for the OS to use it.

TRUE

True or False: Disk management can also format removable and external disks.

TRUE

What is Window's solution to the problem of elevated privileges?

User Account Control (UAC)

There may be more than one command line interface (CLI) environment included with an OS (operating system), What are the two that comes with Windows and one that comes with Linux?

Windows Command Prompt, Powershell command line interfaces (CLI) and Linux's Bash (Bourne Again SHell)

Services may be installed by Windows and by other applications, such as?

anti virus, database, or backup software

There are various other consoles and you can also create custom ones with?

mmc.exe

The command line option for terminating an application in Windows is called?

taskkill

How is a pagefile configurable in Windows?

via the Advanced system settings link in the system control panel applet.

______ means that a computing device (or any information stored on the device) can only be used by an authorized person, such as its owner.

Access Control

What are some functionalities of a service on a Windows OS (operating system)?

Allowing sign-in, browsing the network, or indexing file details to optimize searches.

What are some administrative tools used to manage Windows?

Control Panel/ Windows Settings, Management Consoles, Registry Editor (regedit), & Command prompt/Powershell

Many of Windows' processes come with predefined task schedules, what is an example of that?

Disk Defragmenter-configured to run automatically by default.

Each snap-in configures the settings for a different OS (operating system) sub-system, such as ______or ______.

Disk management or user management

Windows provide what tool to format mass storage devices (like disks and USB drives) and manage partitions?

Disk management tool

True or False: Disk Management is not one of the snap-ins included with the default Computer Management console,

FALSE: it is one of the snap-ins included.

There are situations where the OS loads more data than can fit within the amount of system memory modules installed, the OS can use what to supplement RAM (random access memory) by paging it to the disk?

Fixed disk

These represent more technical system configuration options

Management Consoles

What is a graphical or command-line tool used to perform some aspect of system configuration?

Management interface

This type of storage component preserve data when the system is turned off, it is written as files to a mass storage device.

Mass storage

What part of the system memory setup is most user-configurable?

Pagefile or virtual memory

What can allow a single disk to be divided into multiple different logical areas, each of which can be accessed via the OS as a separate drive?

Partitions

The main unit governing a program and managing the memory resources allocated to it by the OS.

Process

When a program starts, the application code executes in memory as a?

Process

System memory is provided by the?

RAM (random access memory) modules

Each partition must be formatted with a file system so that the OS can?

Read and write files to the drive

In windows 10, the most useful system administration tools can be accessed by?

Right clicking the START button or by pressing START + X.

You can use the __________ to check which services are running and to start and stop each service or configure its properties, such as whether it starts automatically at system boot time.

Services snap-in

The default computer management console contains a number of different administrative _____.

Snap-ins

What type of user cannot change the system configuration and are restricted to saving data files within their own user profile folder or the Public profile?

Standard users

What protection feature in Windows is designed to prevent a script or software from making unauthorized changes to the OS configuration?

User Account Control (UAC)

Operate the OS using typed commands rather than GUI

Command line interface (CLI)

Settings can also be changed by typing native Windows commands or the Powershell scripting language

Command prompt/Powershell

True or False: Every PC comes with at least one such fixed disk.

TRUE

Allows the user to shut down the processes that are not responding

Task Manager (taskmgr)

What utility management require administrative rights to end processes that were started by the system rather than the signed in user?

Task Manager (taskmgr)

If the system keeps running out of memory because of a memory leak, you would use _______ or _______ to find the offending process and disable it from running.

Task Manager or another monitoring program

This process sets tasks to run at a particular time.

Task Scheduler

What is Regedit?

The Registry Editor (Regedit) is a built-in Windows tool used to view and edit the registry.

What two things are configured on a disk to make storage space on the disk available to the Windows OS?

The disk must contain at least one partition, typically allocated a drive letter, and the partition must be formatted with a suitable file system

Parts of a program scheduled for execution by the CPU and may contain one or more ?

Threads

The fixed disk on a PC will either be a _____ or a _____?

hard disk or a SSD (solid state drive)