Module 11 Psych

Several factors that contribute to attraction are noted in the text, including which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Similarity Acquaintance Proximity

______ ________ is the area of social psychology that explores how people select, interpret, remember, and use social information.

Social Cognition

The hormone related to aggression is which of the following?

Testosterone

The expectation of reciprocity _____.

can encourage altruism

A(n) _____ is purposely placed in a study by the experimenter in order to manipulate the situation the participants must engage in.

confederate

In Asch's famous research study, participants agreed with people making an incorrect choice in a line length judgment task. This study is a classic study of _____.

conformity

The genetic basis for aggression states that _____ are important in understanding the biological basis of aggression.

genes

The role of _____ in aggression is most easily seen in nonhuman animals and the process of selective breeding.

genes

The influence other people have on us because we want to be correct is referred to as _____.

informational social influence

When considering the factors of attraction identified in the text, there is physical closeness, otherwise known as

proximity

When considering the factors of attraction identified in the text, there is

proximity, acquaintance, similarity

A confederate is _____.

purposely placed in a study by the experimenter in order to manipulate the situation the participants must engage in

_____ aggression involves harming the social standing of another person through activities such as gossiping and spreading rumors.

relational

_____ love is also called passionate love and has strong components of sexuality and infatuation.

romantic

Lower levels of the neurotransmitter ____ have been linked to aggressive behavior.

serotonin

High levels of the neurotransmitter _________ are associated with prosocial behavior.

serotonin or oxytocin

_____ identity is a way individuals define themselves in terms of their group membership.

social

_______ _________ is the process in which individuals evaluate their thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and abilities in relation to other people.

social comparison

The ____ learning approach to aggression emphasizes that social and environmental conditions can teach individuals to be aggressive.

social or observational

Aggression is social behavior _____.

whose objective is to harm someone physically or verbally.

_____ involves trying to change someone's attitudes and/or behavior.

Persuasion

_____ is an unjustified negative attitude toward an individual based on his or her group membership.

Prejudice

_____ is a key aspect of altruistic behavior.

Reciprocity

What would a social psychologist be most likely to study?

Personal attitudes and the perception of others

In Milgram's classic obedience study, what percentage of participants eventually used the highest setting on the shock generator -- 450 volts -- to shock the learner?

65%

The limbic system and the frontal lobes are the brain structures related to which of the following?

Aggression

Which of the following summarizes the evolutionary psychology explanation of altruistic behavior?

Altruism is more likely to occur among family members, so helping a relative also means promoting the survival of the family's genes.

Prejudice is which of the following?

An unjustified negative attitude or a positive attitude toward an individual based on his or her group membership

__________ are evaluations of people behaviors, beliefs, and concepts.

Attitudes

_____ is a change in behavior or attitudes brought about by a desire to follow the beliefs or standards of other people.

Conformity

Which of the following neurotransmitters and/or neurohormones are associated with prosocial behavior? (Select all that apply.)

Dopamine Serotonin Oxytocin

_____ involves giving to another person to ensure reciprocity, to gain self-esteem, or to present oneself as powerful or caring,

Egoism

Which of the following best describes social exchange theory?

Equity in a relationship

Which of the following faces did participants rate as most attractive?

Faces that were an "average" (composite) of several other faces

Altruism is which of the following?

Giving aid to another person, even if it incurs a cost to oneself

_____ is a type of thinking in which group members share such a strong motivation to achieve consensus that they lose the ability to critically evaluate alternate points of view.

Groupthink

In 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that school segregation, in which Whites and Blacks attended separate schools, was unconstitutional. This illustrates which strategy to diminish the effects of prejudice and discrimination?

Increasing contact between majority and minority groups

______ is a change in behavior in response to the commands of others.

Obedience

Which approach to aggression emphasizes the environmental conditions that teach individuals to be aggressive?

Observational learning

What type of love is a state of intense absorption in someone that includes intense physiological arousal?

Passionate

True or false: Kitty Genovese's murder inspired research on peoples' likelihood of helping a person in distress.

True

True or false: Many experts insist that TV violence can prompt aggressive or antisocial behavior in children.

True

Person perception is which of the following?

The processes by which we use social stimuli to form impressions of others

What is the definition of social psychology?

The study of how people think about, influence, and relate to other people

Attribution theory is which of the following?

The view that people are motivated to discover the underlying causes of behavior, theirs as well as others

What is a key emotion involved in altruism and happens when we feel a oneness with the emotional state of another?

empathy

The __________ perspective of reciprocity is to secure the survival of the family's genes, even if the helped individual isn't actually family.

evolutionary

Aggression, like other social behaviors, has _____ determinant(s).

multiple

Miko has just transferred to a new high school and starts to dress and act like the popular students there because she wants them to like her. This is an example of _______ social influence.

normative

Milgram's classic study involving teachers, learners, and electric shock was designed to examine the power of _____.

obedience

Hitting, punching, and kicking are examples of _____ aggression

overt

The murder of Kitty Genovese inspired researchers to examine whether _____.

people are less likely to help if other people are present