Module 2 Review questions

Each of the following is absorbed into capillaries except: a. triglycerides b. amino acids c. monosaccharides d. water a. triglycerides

a. triglycerides

Which of the following make up the greatest volume of whole blood? a. platelets b. red blood cells c. plasma d. white blood cells

c. plasma

A monosaaccharide is to a polysaccharide as amino acid is to a ____________ a. nucleic acid b. carbohydrate c. protein d. nucleotide e. triglyceride

c. protein

Much of the respiratory tract is linded with ciliated epithelium. The exception is: a. the alveoli b. the bronchi c. the nasal cavity d. the trachea

a. the alveoli

Which of the following blood components protects the individual from a variety of infectious agents such a bacteria and viruses? a. white blood cells b. platelets c. albumin d. red blood cells

a. white blood cells

The steps in the homeostasis process are (1) platelets become sticky and form a platelet plug, (2) prothrombin is converted to thrombin by prothrombin activator, (3) walls of a damaged blood vessel undergo spasms, (4) a clot forms fubrin, platelets, and trapped red blood cells, and (5) fibrinogen is converted to fibrin. Which of the following choices repreesents the correct order of these steps? a. 1-3-2-4-5 b. 3-1-2-5-4 c. 3-2-1-4-5 d. 3-5-4-1-2

b. 3-1-2-5-4

Once nutrients are absorbed into the circulatory system, the next major organ they pass through is the: a. heart b. liver c. kidneys d. brain

b. Liver

The region of the digestive tract most responsible for absorption of nutrients is: a. the stomach b. the small intestine c. the large intestine d. the liver

b. The small intestine

A deficiency of platelets would result in: a. fatigue and dizziness b. bleeding and bruising c. increased susceptibility to infections d. all of the above

b. bleeding and bruising

A heart attack occurs as a result of: a. prolonged hypotension b. narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries c. improper closure of semilunar valves d. disruption of the cardiac conduction system

b. narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries

Which donor blood type would be most appropriate for transfusing an O- recipient? a. A- b. B- c. O- d. any of these blood types could be successfully used for this repicient

c. O-

Which blood vessel is best suited for exchange of gases and nutrients with the surrounding tissue? a. artery b. vein c. capillary d. arteriole

c. capillary

Which of these molecules would be described as hydrophobic? a. glucose b. sodium chloride c. cholesterol d. DNA e. RNA

c. cholesterol

Unlike capillaries in the systemic circuit, in the pulmonary circuit,____________blood enters the capillaries from the arterioles and___________blood leaves the capillaries for venules. a. oxygenated, oxygenated b. oxygenated, deoxygenated c. deoxygenated, oxygenated d. deoxygenated, deoxygenated

c. deoxygenated, oxygenated

The pancreas is part of the GI tract (T/F)

False

Trans fats are a type of naturally-occurring unsaturated fat (T/F)

False

Type II diabetes in an autoimmune disorder (T/F)

False

A primary function of the large intestine is water absorption (T/F)

True

Blood that enters the alveoli tends to be poorly-oxygenated (T/F)

True

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death on average for Americans (T/F)

True

Disaccharide + H20 à monosaccharide + monosaccharide(T/F)

True

Which property do red blood cells and platelets have in common? a. both lack a nucleus b. both transport oxygen c. they are found in approximately equal numbers in the circulating blood d. both are derived from erythroblasts

a. both lack a nucleus

The period when the atria and ventricles are at rest is called a. diastole b. atrial systole c. ventricular systole d. all of the above e. none of the above.

a. diastole

One function of bile is to a. emulsify fats b. activate pepsin (a digestive enzyme for proteins) c. neutralize chyme d. kill bacteria in chyme e. none of the above.

a. emulsify fats

If excess nutrients are eaten, fat is stored in the body via a. fat catabolism b. fat anabolism c. carbohydrate catabolism d. carbohydrate anabolism e. none of the above.

a. fat catabolism

If a molecule of starch is repeatedly hydrolyzed, which of the following would be the final product? a. glucose b. fructose c. ribose d. sucrose e. deoxyribose

a. glucose

Which of these bonds is the easiest to disrupt, simply by raising the temp? a. hydrogen bonds b. ionic bonds c. polar covalant bonds d. non-polar covalant bonds e. peptide bonds

a. hydrogen bonds

Which of the following lists the order of structures through which air will pass during inspiration? a. nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli b. nose, pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli c. alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx, nose d. nose, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, trachea, alveoli

a. nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Which of the following represents the order of structures beginning inside the ventricle and traveling outward? a. pericardium- epicardium- myocardium- endocardium b. epicarddium - myocardium- endocardium- pericardium c. endocardium- myocardium- epicardium- pericardium d. endocardium- pericardium- mycocardium- epicardium

a. pericardium- epicardium- myocardium- endocardium

DNA ultimately contains the instructions for the assembly of: a. proteins b. polysaccharides c. triglycerides d. nucleotides e. steriods

a. proteins

Which vein(s) carry oxygenated blood? a. superior vena cava and inferior vena cava b. right and left pulmonary veins c. aorta d. both (a) and (b)

b. right and left pulmonary veins

A person with Type (A-) blood will have: a. type A plasma antibodies b. type A antigens on the red blood cells c. Rh antigens on the red blood cells d. all of the above

b. type A antigens on the red blood cells

The bronchioles are: a. kept open by cartilage rings b. larger than the bronchi c. located between the bronchi and the alveoli d. an important site of gas exchange in the lungs

c. located between the bronchi and the alveoli

In capillary exchange, hydrostatic pressure at the venule end of the capillary is: a. higher than osmotic pressure b. the same as osmotic pressure c. lower than osmotic pressure d. could be either higher or lower than osmotic pressure depending upon lymph levels e. none of the above.

c. lower than osmotic pressure

In the blood, O2 is transported primarily____________whereas CO2 is transported primarily_____________ a. oxyhemoglobin, carbaminohemoglobin b. dissolved in plasma, carbaminohemoglobin c. oxyhemoglobin, biscarbonate in plasma d. oxyhemoglobin, dissolved in pasma

c. oxyhemoglobin, biscarbonate in plasma

Each of the following is a source of complete protein except: a. milk b. soy products c. peanuts d. eggs

c. peanuts

Which of the following terms does not belong with the others? a. monoglycerides b. micelle c. peptide d. bile

c. peptide

Which of the following might be treated appropriately by administering clot- dissolving drugs? a. hypertension b. hypotension c. pulmonary embolism d. a hemorrhagic stroke

c. pulmonary embolism

Which of the following statements about trans fats is correct? a. trans fats are found in animal products such as meat and dairy b. trans fats will lower LDL cholesterol levels c. trans fats are produced by the hydrogenation of unsaturated fats in vegetable oils d. salmon, trout, and sardines are rich in healthy trans fats

c. trans fats are produced by the hydrogenation of unsaturated fats in vegetable oils

The valves between the atria and ventricles are: a. synovial b. semilunar c. tricuspid/bicuspid

c. tricuspid/bicuspid

Which of the choices represents the order of vessels through which blood passes after leaving the heart? a. artery- arteriole- capillary- venule- vein b. artery- capillary- arteriole- venule- vein c. vein- venule- capillary- arteriole- artery d. artery- vein- capillary- arteriole- venule

c. vein- venule- capillary- arteriole- artery

which of the following statements regarding the cardaic cycle is false? a. when the ventricles contract, the atrioventricular valves close b. when the ventricles relax, the semilunar valves close c. when the atria contract, the semilunar valves open d. when the atria contract, the atrioventricular valves open

c. when the atria contract, the semilunar valves open

____________carry blood away from the heart and ___________carry blood toward the heart a. veins, arteries b. arteries, arterioles c. veins, capillaries d. arteries, veins e. arteries, capillaries

d. arteries, veins

The primary structure of a protein is maintained by_________________bonds a. hydrophilic b. hydrophobic c. hydrogen d. covalent e. ionic

d. covalent

All of the following proteins are associated with blood. Which of these is found specifically inside red blood cells? a. prothrombin b. fibrinogen c. albumin d. hemoglobin

d. hemoglobin

The thickest/strongest chamber of the heart is the: a. right atrium b. right ventricle c. left atrium d. left ventricle

d. left ventricle

Which of the following lists structures in order from smallest to largest: a. small intestine, folds, microvilli, villi b. villi, microvilli, folds, small intestine c. microvilli, folds, villi, small intestine d. microvilli, villi, folds, small intestine

d. microvilli, villi, folds, small intestine

When sugar is dissolved in water, sugar is the ______________and water is the____________ a. acid, base b. base, acid c. solvent, solute d. solute, solvent e. inorganic molecule, organic molecule

d. solute, solvent

what do the enzymes pepsin, chymotrypsin, trypsin, and carboxypeptidase have in common? a. they are secreted and active within the stomach b. they are pancreatic enzymes c. they are secreted and active within the small intestine d. they are enzymes that participate in protein digestion

d. they are enzymes that participate in protein digestion

As the blood travels through the circulatory system, the greatest drop in pressure occurs in: a. arteries b. arterioles c. capillaries d. venules

d. venules

A person with which of the listed blood types has A antigens on the surface of his/her erythrocytes: 1) Type A+ 2) Type B- 3) Type AB+ 4)Type O- a. 1 only b. 1 and 2 c. 1 and 3 d. 1 and 4 e. 2 and 3

e. 1 and 3

A person with which of the listed blood types has the ability to make Rh antibodies 1) Type A+ 2) Type B- 3) Type AB+ 4) Type O- a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 1 and 3 e. 2 and 4

e. 2 and 4

If one stand DNA has the sequence A-A-C-T-G-T-G, what will be the nucleotide sequence of the complementary strand? a. A-A-C-T-G-T-G b. U-U-G-A-C-A-C c. T-T-G-U-C-U-C d. G-G-C-A-G-A-G e. T-T-G-A-C-A-C

e. T-T-G-A-C-A-C

The most important carbohydrate used as the primary nutrient source in the human body is a. cellulose b. galactose c. glycogen d. fructose e. none of the above

e. none of the above

About 99% of the weight of the human body consists of 6 main elements. Which of the following is not one of them? a. carbon b. hydrogen c. phosphorous d. nitrogen e. potassium

e. potassium

The salivary glands begin the process of digestion by starting the breakdown of a. proteins b. saturated fats c. unsaturated fats d. disaccharides e. starch

e. starch