Module 49

epigenetics

the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change.

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

a psychological disorder marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity.

psychological disorder

a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.

ADHD

______________ is characterized by one or more of three key symptoms, including extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

psychological disorder

A _____ is a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.

medical

A large pharmaceutical company is conducting a clinical trial for major depressive disorder. They are concerned with the efficacy and safety of the new antidepressant. Their perspective is in line with the _______________ model.

Shanghai

A large-scale World Health Organization (2004) study—based on 90-minute interviews of 60,463 people—estimated the number of prior-year mental disorders in 20 countries. Which country had the lowest rate of diagnosed psychological disorders?

ADHD

Brian often interrupts his teacher while she is speaking and frequently forgets to complete his homework assignments. He also has difficulty taking turns in playground games with classmates. Brian most clearly exhibits symptoms of:

maladaptive

Nicole refuses to leave her house because she is fearful of being exposed to germs. Nicole's behavior is _____ because it interferes with normal day-to-day life.

twins

One of the ways one knows that many different biological, psychological, and social-cultural factors impact the development is through studies of _____.

American Psychiatric Association

Homosexuality was classified as a mental illness by the _____ until 1973.

medical model

At one time, disordered people were simply warehoused in asylums. Asylums have been replaced with psychiatric hospitals, where attempts are made to diagnose and cure people suffering from psychological disorders. This best illustrates one of the beneficial consequences of the:

DSM-5

the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.

medical model

the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.

young males

According to the text, the mass-killing shooters have which of the following in common.

hoarding disorder

All of the following are no longer diagnostic labels in DSM-5 EXCEPT:

a biopsychosocial approach

Around the world, people may experience the same genetically based disorder quite differently, depending on their personal expectations and their cultural definition of abnormality. This best illustrates the need for:

medical

At one time, disordered people were simply warehoused in asylums. Asylums have been replaced with psychiatric hospitals, where attempts are made to diagnose and cure people suffering from psychological disorders. This best illustrates one of the beneficial consequences of the _____ model.

the immigrant paradox

Compared with people who have recently immigrated from Mexico, Mexican-Americans born in the United States are at greater risk of mental disorder—a phenomenon known as:

DSM-5

Tonya is interested in studying psychological disorders. If she wants to study the classification system most often used in the United States, she should read the:

...

Reflecting on how the definition of psychological disorders has changed in history, one can see that societal views greatly impact the definition of a psychological disorder by framing what is perceived as the source of the disorder.

biopsychosocial approach

The approach to understanding and classifying psychological disorders that most seeks to minimize stigma for the afflicted is the _____.