Module 7 Psych MC

3. The school of thought in psychology that turned away from the study of consciousness during the first half of the last century was A) behaviorism. B) psychoanalysis. C) humanistic psychology. D) evolutionary psychology.

A) behaviorism.

31. Although unable to report the width of a block in front of her, a woman identified as D. F. could grasp the block with just the right finger-thumb distance. Her experience best illustrates A) blindsight. B) the cocktail party effect. C) selective attention. D) the popout phenomenon.

A) blindsight.

46. While conversing with a hotel desk clerk, Aaron momentarily turned around to pick up his suitcase. When he turned back and resumed his conversation, he failed to notice that he was now speaking with a different desk agent. His failure best illustrates A) change blindness. B) parallel processing. C) the popout phenomenon. D) blindsight.

A) change blindness.

4. The possibility that our mental state might have a direct impact on our actions was most clearly dismissed by A) evolutionary psychologists. B) behaviorists. C) cognitive neuroscientists. D) behavior geneticists.

B) behaviorists.

76. Damage to the brain's visual perception track without any damage to the brain's visual action track is associated with a condition known as A) selective attention. B) blindsight. C) parallel processing. D) change blindness.

B) blindsight.

9. Which specialty area would be most interested in identifying the brain-activation patterns associated with a person's conscious recognition of familiar faces or voices? A) evolutionary psychology B) cognitive neuroscience C) behavior genetics D) behaviorism

B) cognitive neuroscience

40. Some neuroscientists believe that synchronized activity across different regions of the brain is a sign of A) the cocktail party effect. B) conscious awareness. C) change blindness. D) selective inattention.

B) conscious awareness.

51. Behaviorism encouraged psychologists to ignore the study of A) the visual action track. B) consciousness. C) socialization. D) cortical activation patterns.

B) consciousness.

7. Attention to her long-term educational goals enables Alicia to avoid thoughtlessly skipping difficult class assignments. This best illustrates the adaptive value of A) change blindness. B) consciousness. C) the cocktail party effect. D) the popout phenomenon.

B) consciousness.

28. Although we may be unaware of our gender prejudices, they often influence the way we consciously perceive men and women. This best illustrates A) blindsight. B) dual processing. C) the popout phenomenon. D) the cocktail party effect.

B) dual processing.

74. Mark's decision to hire a particular job applicant was simultaneously influenced by unconscious feelings about the applicant's physical appearance and by a conscious consideration of the applicant's reported work history. This best illustrates the impact of A) blindsight. B) dual processing. C) change blindness. D) the popout phenomenon.

B) dual processing.

77. The experience of blindsight in certain people who have suffered brain damage best illustrates the importance of our normal human capacity for A) change blindness. B) dual processing. C) inattentional blindness. D) selective attention.

B) dual processing.

21. When asked to watch a video and press a key each time a black-shirted player passed a basketball, most research participants remained unaware of an umbrella-toting woman strolling across the video screen. This illustrated A) the cocktail party effect. B) inattentional blindness. C) blindsight. D) dual processing.

B) inattentional blindness.

66. Standing in the checkout line at the grocery store, Jerry was concentrating on answering a text. As a result, he failed to see that a store employee was being robbed by a person just in front of him. Jerry most clearly experienced A) the cocktail party effect. B) inattentional blindness. C) blindsight. D) the popout phenomenon.

B) inattentional blindness.

34. A capacity to monitor simultaneously the color, shape, and motion of a flying kite best illustrates A) the popout phenomenon. B) parallel processing. C) the cocktail party effect. D) change blindness.

B) parallel processing.

12. Our inability to consciously process all the sensory information available to us at any single point in time best illustrates the existence of A) blindsight. B) selective attention. C) change blindness. D) the popout phenomenon.

B) selective attention.

41. A teenager focused on texting while crossing the street is not likely to notice a car rounding the corner and about to cross her path. This best illustrates the impact of A) blindsight. B) selective attention. C) dual processing. D) the popout phenomenon.

B) selective attention.

59. Felix was so preoccupied with his girlfriend's good looks that he failed to perceive any of her less admirable characteristics. This best illustrates an unfortunate consequence of A) sequential processing. B) selective attention. C) blindsight. D) change blindness.

B) selective attention.

80. Simultaneously assessing the taste, texture, and temperature of food in your mouth best illustrates A) blindsight. B) the popout phenomenon. C) parallel processing. D) the cocktail party effect.

C) parallel processing.

37. Compared with unconscious information processing, conscious information processing is relatively A) fast and especially effective for solving new problems. B) slow and especially effective for solving new problems. C) fast and especially effective for solving routine problems. D) slow and especially effective for solving routine problems.

B) slow and especially effective for solving new problems.

15. Corolina was not aware of what her mother was telling her while she was focused on a text message from a friend. Her experience best illustrates A) dual processing. B) the cocktail party effect. C) the popout phenomenon. D) blindsight.

B) the cocktail party effect.

24. When he saw a single red jelly bean surrounded by a dozen other white jelly beans, Jeremy's attention was quickly drawn to the red-colored jelly bean. This best illustrates A) dual processing. B) the popout phenomenon. C) change blindness. D) the cocktail party effect.

B) the popout phenomenon.

48. Normally sighted people whose visual cortex is disabled with magnetic stimulation can nevertheless sense the emotion expressed in faces. This best illustrates our capacity for A) change blindness. B) unconscious information processing. C) inattentional blindness. D) sequential information processing.

B) unconscious information processing.

14. The cocktail party effect provides an example of A) change blindness. B) dual processing. C) selective attention. D) blindsight.

C) selective attention.

49. Parallel processing involves the processing of many aspects of a problem A) in a sequential order. B) in a balanced manner. C) at the same time. D) at a conscious level.

C) at the same time.

73. The two-track mind operates on two levels. A conscious "high road" is said to be ________. An unconscious "low road" is said to be ________. A) automatic and intuitive deliberate and reflective B) deliberate and reflective automatic and intuitive C) automatic and reflective deliberate and intuitive D) deliberate and intuitive automatic and reflective

C) automatic and reflective deliberate and intuitive

69. When Jason briefly turned to summon the waiter, his wife quickly switched her glass of red wine with his glass of white wine. Jason's failure to notice that his chosen wine had been replaced best illustrates A) the popout phenomenon. B) parallel processing. C) change blindness. D) sequential processing.

C) change blindness.

55. The interdisciplinary study of brain activity linked with our mental processes is known as A) behaviorism. B) behavior genetics. C) cognitive neuroscience. D) neurology.

C) cognitive neuroscience.

56. Professor Rodriguez studies how the activation of specific regions of the brain affects dream content. Her work best illustrates the subfield of A) personality psychology. B) clinical psychology. C) cognitive neuroscience. D) evolutionary psychology.

C) cognitive neuroscience.

53. Our awareness of ourselves and our environment is called A) parallel processing. B) a visual action track. C) consciousness. D) dual processing.

C) consciousness.

26. The simultaneous processing of information at both conscious and unconscious levels is called A) the cocktail party effect. B) the popout phenomenon. C) dual processing. D) selective attention.

C) dual processing.

27. June's correct solution to a novel arithmetic problem was simultaneously facilitated by unconscious inferences and the conscious application of mathematical principles. This best illustrates the value of A) the popout phenomenon. B) blindsight. C) dual processing. D) behaviorism.

C) dual processing.

32. A visual perception track enables most people to recognize objects at nearly the same time that a visual action track enables them to avoid bumping into the objects. This best illustrates A) sequential processing. B) change blindness. C) dual processing. D) blindsight.

C) dual processing.

47. The ability to consciously recognize and name the color of an object while we simultaneously and unconsciously monitor the object's shape and movement illustrates A) the popout phenomenon. B) change blindness. C) dual processing. D) blindsight.

C) dual processing.

65. Inattentional blindness refers to A) the loss of self-awareness when one is mentally absorbed in a challenging task. B) a condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it. C) failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere. D) the simultaneous processing of information on separate conscious and unconscious tracks.

C) failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere.

42. In one experiment, many of the research participants who were keeping track of basketball tosses between players failed to notice a gorilla-suited research assistant thumping his chest as he moved among the players. This best illustrated A) blindsight. B) the popout phenomenon. C) inattentional blindness. D) the cocktail party effect.

C) inattentional blindness.

33. The processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously is called A) the cocktail party effect. B) the popout phenomenon. C) parallel processing. D) blindsight

C) parallel processing.

16. A bank teller was so distracted by the sight of a bank robber's weapon that she failed to perceive important features of the criminal's physical appearance. This best illustrates the impact of A) parallel processing. B) change blindness. C) selective attention. D) blindsight.

C) selective attention.

23. The popout phenomenon illustrates that some stimuli almost inevitably trigger A) blindsight. B) change blindness. C) selective attention. D) peripheral vision.

C) selective attention.

64. Long-haul truck drivers are at a much-greater-than-normal risk of a collision if texting while driving. This best illustrates the impact of A) the popout phenomenon. B) blindsight. C) selective attention. D) the cocktail party effect.

C) selective attention.

67. Inattentional blindness is best described as a by-product of A) blindsight. B) sequential processing. C) selective attention. D) a visual action track.

C) selective attention.

35. Adding two large numbers together by consciously focusing on and solving each subcomponent of the task in serial order best illustrates A) the popout phenomenon. B) the two-track mind. C) sequential processing. D) change blindness.

C) sequential processing.

50. Prior to the twentieth century, psychology was considered to be the study of A) observable behavior. B) evolutionary change. C) states of consciousness. D) parallel processing.

C) states of consciousness.

71. One of the six criminal suspects in a police lineup immediately captured observers' attention because he was the only suspect with black skin color. This best illustrates A) the cocktail party effect. B) dual processing. C) the popout phenomenon. D) blindsight.

C) the popout phenomenon.

82. Consciousness is most important for the correct performance of behaviors that A) depend on information processing. B) require physical coordination skills. C) have been learned through repeated practice. D) are novel and challenging.

D) are novel and challenging.

30. A condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it is known as A) the cocktail party effect. B) change blindness. C) the popout phenomenon. D) blindsight.

D) blindsight.

75. A person is able to accurately point to the current location of certain moving objects that she is unable to consciously see. This best illustrates A) inattentional blindness. B) the popout phenomenon. C) selective attention. D) blindsight.

D) blindsight.

8. Cognitive neuroscience is most directly concerned with studying A) selective attention and accidents. B) evolution and natural selection. C) selective attention and daydreams. D) brain activity and thought processes.

D) brain activity and thought processes.

22. While a man provided directions to a construction worker, two experimenters rudely interrupted by passing between them carrying a door. The man's failure to notice that during this interruption the construction worker was replaced by another person wearing different-colored clothes illustrates A) the popout phenomenon. B) blindsight C) parallel processing. D) change blindness.

D) change blindness.

68. Failing to notice changes in our immediate surroundings is called A) the cocktail party effect. B) the popout phenomenon. C) dual processing. D) change blindness.

D) change blindness.

5. Since 1960, psychology has regained an interest in consciousness as psychologists of all persuasions began affirming the importance of A) evolutionary psychology. B) change blindness. C) neuroscience. D) cognition.

D) cognition.

38. Even if musically inclined, you will find it difficult to tap a steady three times with your left hand while tapping four times with your right hand because both tasks require A) dual processing. B) blindsight. C) change blindness. D) conscious attention.

D) conscious attention.

45. The ability to focus our attention in order to learn a complex concept best illustrates the value of A) the popout phenomenon. B) dual processing. C) blindsight. D) consciousness.

D) consciousness.

54. The ability to focus attention on his arm and shoulder movements during his golf swings enabled Jason to learn more effective skills for both chip shots and putting. This best illustrates the value of A) the cocktail party effect. B) blindsight. C) the popout phenomenon. D) consciousness.

D) consciousness.

63. fMRI scans of brain areas vital to driving indicate that activity ________ when a driver is attending to conversation. A study that focused video cams on teen drivers found that a ________ of crashes followed driver distraction from other passengers or phones. A) increases majority B) decreases minority C) increases minority D) decreases majority

D) decreases majority

25. We know more than we know we know thanks to our capacity for A) sequential processing. B) consciousness. C) change blindness. D) dual processing.

D) dual processing.

43. A skilled tennis player's brain and body respond automatically to an oncoming serve before becoming consciously aware of the ball's trajectory. This best illustrates our capacity for A) the popout phenomenon. B) inattentional blindness. C) the cocktail party effect. D) dual processing.

D) dual processing.

72. A large amount of our mental activity occurs outside our awareness thanks to our capacity for A) sequential processing. B) change blindness. C) synchronized activity across the brain. D) dual processing.

D) dual processing.

79. Parallel processing tends to be both ________ and ________ conscious than sequential processing. A) slower, less B) faster, more C) slower, more D) faster, less

D) faster, less

52. The reemergence of psychology's concern with consciousness after 1960 is best illustrated by efforts to A) define psychology as a behavioral science. B) demonstrate that humans lack free will. C) liken consciousness to a car's speedometer. D) identify the brain activity associated with different mental states.

D) identify the brain activity associated with different mental states.

20. Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere is called A) blindsight. B) parallel processing. C) the cocktail party effect. D) inattentional blindness.

D) inattentional blindness.

18. Crashes and near-crashes have been observed to ________ when teen drivers are reaching for a cell phone and to ________ when they are dialing a cell phone. A) neither increase nor decrease neither increase nor decrease B) neither increase nor decrease increase C) increase neither increase nor decrease D) increase increase

D) increase increase

17. The increased risk of car accidents for drivers talking on a cell phone A) results primarily from the visual distraction of glancing at one's cell phone. B) is no greater than the risk for drivers chatting with other passengers. C) is no greater than the risks for drivers listening to a car radio. D) is equally great for those using handheld and those using hands-free phones.

D) is equally great for those using handheld and those using hands-free phones.

39. Compared with parallel processing, sequential processing tends to be ________ conscious and better for solving ________ problems. A) less, novel B) more, familiar C) less, familiar D) more, novel

D) more, novel

6. Consciousness is defined as A) the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember. B) the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. C) effortless processing of incidental information into memory. D) our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

D) our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

81. Unconscious information processing is more likely than conscious processing to A) occur slowly. B) be limited in capacity. C) contribute to effective problem solving. D) process many aspects of a problem simultaneously.

D) process many aspects of a problem simultaneously.

78. Parallel processing refers to A) responding to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it. B) processing information in an orderly sequence. C) linking brain activity with conscious awareness. D) processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously.

D) processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously.

11. Focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus is called A) blindsight. B) parallel processing. C) change blindness. D) selective attention.

D) selective attention.

13. While engrossed in reading a novel, Raoul isn't easily distracted by the sounds of the TV or even by his brothers' loud arguments. This best illustrates A) inattentional blindness. B) sequential processing. C) blindsight. D) selective attention.

D) selective attention.

19. While driving to work, John was so focused on his cell-phone conversation that he inadvertently drove through a red light and hit another vehicle. John's experience best illustrates the impact of A) blindsight. B) the popout phenomenon. C) the cocktail party effect. D) selective attention.

D) selective attention.

58. You suddenly become conscious that your own nose is in your line of vision when this is pointed out to you. This best illustrates the impact of A) the popout phenomenon. B) change blindness. C) blindsight. D) selective attention.

D) selective attention.

10. Some neuroscientists believe that conscious experience arises from A) parallel processing. B) inattentional blindness. C) the popout phenomenon. D) synchronized activity across the brain.

D) synchronized activity across the brain.

60. The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called A) dual processing. B) change blindness. C) the popout phenomenon. D) the cocktail party effect.

D) the cocktail party effect.

61. Selective attention is best illustrated by A) blindsight. B) parallel processing. C) a visual action track. D) the cocktail party effect.

D) the cocktail party effect.

62. Because she was listening to the news on the radio, Mrs. Schultz didn't perceive a word her husband was saying. Her experience best illustrates A) change blindness. B) blindsight. C) dual processing. D) the cocktail party effect.

D) the cocktail party effect.

70. The only smiling face in a crowd of anxious-looking people may be so strikingly distinct that people cannot help but notice it. This best illustrates A) dual processing. B) blindsight. C) the cocktail party effect. D) the popout phenomenon.

D) the popout phenomenon.

44. The simultaneous processing of information on many parallel tracks is most closely associated with A) sequential processing. B) the cocktail party effect. C) the popout phenomenon. D) unconscious mental activity.

D) unconscious mental activity.

29. Although many experienced drivers cannot accurately explain how they do it, most know how to turn successfully from a left to a right lane of traffic. This best illustrates the value of A) sequential processing. B) blindsight. C) change blindness. D) unconscious processing.

D) unconscious processing.