Module 8 Test

Mr. Degrasse was asked by his psychotherapist to look at some ambiguous pictures and make up a story about each. Mr. Degrasse was most likely taking the: TAT Myers-Briggs Type Indicator MMPI Personal Orientation Survey

TAT

Circadian rhythm refers to: the pattern of emotional ups and downs we routinely experience a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24 hour cycle the experience of jet lag following an extensive transoceanic flight the cycle of five distinct stages that we experience during a normal night's sleep

a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24 hour cycle

Which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to random bursts of neural stimulation? dissociation theory social influence theory activation-synthesis theory Freud's dream theory

activation-synthesis theory

Jordana has decided to go to bed early. Although her eyes are closed and she's very relaxed, she has not yet fallen asleep. An EEG is most likely to indicate the presence of: delta waves alpha waves sleep spindles rapid eye movements

alpha waves

The perception that one's fate is determined by luck reflects: reciprocal determinism self-serving bias an external locus of control the pleasure principle

an external locus of control

Mrs. Halpern, a high school teacher, washes the board and realigns the desks in precise rows before every class. According to the psychoanalytic perspective, she is most likely fixated at the ______ stage. phallic oral latency anal

anal

Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers: amphetamines barbiturates hallucinogens opiates

barbiturates

When cocaine is snorted, free-based, or injected, it produces a rush of euphoria by: depleting the brain's supply of serotonin blocking the reuptake of dopamine stimulating the release of excess norepinephrine triggering a state of dissociation

blocking the reuptake of dopamine

The humanistic perspective is to Maslow as the social cognitive perspective is to: Allport Rogers Bandura Jung

Bandura

Reaction formation refers to the process by which people: disguise unacceptable unconscious impulses by attributing unconscious impulses consciously express feelings that are the opposite of unacceptable unconscious impulses retreat to behavior patterns characteristic of an earlier stage of development offer self-justifying explanations in place of the real but unacceptable unconscious reasons for action

consciously express feelings that are the opposite of unacceptable unconscious impulses

Repeated use of an opiate: decreases the brain's production of endorphins increases heart and breathing rates does not seem to be followed by serious withdrawal symptoms triggers auditory as well as visual hallucinations

decreases the brain's production of endorphins

Alcohol is best classified as a(n): depressant stimulant hallucinogen psychedelic

depressant

While Professor Yakstis was going through a painful divorce, he tended to create unnecessarily difficult tests and gave his students unusually low grades. A psychoanalyst would be most likely to view the professor's treatment of students as an example of: reaction formation displacement projection regression

displacement

A split in consciousness in which some thoughts occur simultaneously with and yet separately from other thoughts is called: narcolepsy dissociation paradoxical sleep posthypnotic amnesia

dissociation

One plausible theory suggests that hypnosis relieves pain by: distracting attention blocking sensory input speeding up the circadian rhythm eliciting delta waves characteristic of deep sleep

distracting attention

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are used by the: id to defend against the accusations and guilt feelings produced by the superego ego to prevent threatening elements from being consciously recognized superego to prevent expression of sexual and aggressive drives id, ego, and superego in a repetitive sequence of internal conflicts

ego to prevent threatening elements from being consciously recognized

A personality inventory that utilizes only those items that have been shown to differentiate particular groups of people is called a(n) ______ test. factor analysis multiphasic aptitude empirically derived

empirically derived

Santa Claus is to Superman as ______ is to ______. endomorph; mesomorph anal fixation; oral fixation regression; projection internal locus; external locus

endomorph; mesomorph

Women are most likely to overestimate the negative impact of the menstrual cycle on their mood because: men typically underestimate women's menstrual discomfort premenstrual distress heighten's one's sense of gender identity evidence that confirms one's preconceptions is easily remembered PMS is a socially acceptable excuse for substandard work performance

evidence that confirms one's preconceptions is easily remembered

Hasina was an abused child; as an adult, she is homeless and squanders any money she can find on alcohol. Alfred Adler would have suggested that she suffers from: an Electra complex role confusion an oral fixation feelings of inferiority

feelings of inferiority

False sensory experiences that occur in the absence of appropriate sensory stimulation are called: night terrors psychedelics dissociations hallucinations

hallucinations

According to Freud, the latent content of a dream refers to: its accompanying brain-wave pattern the previous day's events that prompted the dream the sensory stimuli in the sleeping environment that are incorporated into the dream

its underlying but censored meaning

Which neo-Freudian emphasized the influence of the collective unconscious in personality development? Jung Adler Horney Maslow

jung

Dogs strapped to a harness and given repeated and unavoidable shocks developed: a fixation learned helplessness a higher threshold of pain unrealistic optimism

learned helplessness

As Inge recalled her dream, she was dancing with a tall, dark gentleman when suddenly the music shifted to loud rock and the man disappeared. According to Freud, Inge's recollection represents the ______ content of her dream. manifest latent dissociated delusional

manifest

REM sleep is also called paradoxical sleep because: our heart rate is slow and steady, while our breathing is highly irregular we are deeply asleep but can be awakened easily our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move it leads to highly imaginative dreams that are perceived as colorless images

our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move

Narcolepsy is a disorder involving: the temporary cessation of breathing during sleep sudden uncontrollable seizures periodic uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness difficulty falling and staying asleep

periodic uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness

Buster spends a good deal of time bragging about his numerous sexual exploits. Freud would have suggested that he is fixated at the ______ stage. oral latency phallic anal

phallic

Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms are indicative of: insomnia narcolepsy dissociation physical dependence

physical dependence

The defense mechanism by which people disguise threatening impulses by attributing them to others is called: projection displacement fixation repression

projection

The use of free association is central to the process of: identification self-actualization psychoanalysis reciprocal determinism

psychoanalysis

The major reason for the unreliability of the Rorschach inkblot test is the fact that: the test inhibits individuals from communicating honestly in clinical interviews psychologists often do not agree on how to score the results of this test the test does not discriminate effectively between those who are suicidal and those who are not the test can be used effectively only with individuals who are severely maladjusted

psychologists often do not agree on how to score the results of this test

The defense mechanism in which self-justifying explanations replace the real, unconscious reasons for action is: projection reaction formation rationalization displacement

rationalization

Randy's substandard performance is both a result and a cause of his feelings of academic inferiority. This best illustrates the importance of: self-serving bias an internal locus of control reciprocal determinism the Barnum effect

reciprocal determinism

Four year old Timmy has not wet his bed for over a year. However, he starts bed-wetting again soon after his sister is born. His behavior best illustrates: reaction formation projection regression displacement

regression

When she was 8 years old, Golda was sexually abused by her uncle. At age 14, Golda felt uncomfortable whenever she saw this uncle but was unable to understand why she felt this way. A psychoanalyst would be most likely to suggest that Golda is using the defense mechanism of: repression rationalization regression displacement

repression

Which theorist emphasized that personal growth is promoted by interactions with others who are genuine, accepting, and empathic? Allport Jung Rogers Bandura

rogers

The humanistic perspective emphasized the importance of: free association self determinism reciprocal determinism projective tests

self determinism

Athletes often attribute their losses to bad officiating rather than their own performance. This best illustrates: an Electra complex learned helplessness the spotlight effect self-serving bias

self-serving bias

Which of the following disorders is characterized by the temporary cessation of breathing while asleep? narcolepsy sleep apnea night terror insomnia

sleep apnea

The rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during NREM-2 sleep are called: alpha waves paradoxical sleep sleep spindles delta waves

sleep spindles

According to Freud, the personality system that represents our sense of right and wrong and our ideal standards is the: collective unconscious ego id superego

superego

REM rebound involves the: tendency for REM sleep periods to become increasingly longer and more frequent as a normal night of sleep progresses increase in REM sleep that usually follows intense learning episodes or stressful daytime experiences unusual symptoms of tiredness and irritability that follow periods of REM sleep deprivation tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation

tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation

The tendency to accept favorable descriptions of one's personality that could really be applied to almost anyone is known as: the halo effect the Barnum effect projection factor analysis

the Barnum effect

According to Freud, the unconscious is: the part of human personality that lacks a sense of right and wrong the thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are largely unaware a set of universal concepts acquired by all humans from our common past a reservoir of deeply repressed memories that does not affect behavior

the thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are largely unaware

Freud is to the psychoanalytic perspective as Allport is to the ______ perspective. behavioral humanist trait social cognitive

trait