molecular structural formulas
A molecule of chloroform consists of 1 carbon atom, 1 hydrogen atom, and 3 chlorine atoms. What is chloroform's molecular formula?
$CHCl_3$ Chloroform's molecular formula is CHCl3 because it represents the actual number of atoms in the compound (as given in the question text).
How does a structural formula for a molecule differ from its molecular formula?
A structural formula shows how the atoms in the molecule are connected, while a molecular formula depicts the molecule using letters and numbers.
Which element has more than one letter in its chemical symbol?
Bromine is Br, while the others are P, B, and I, respectively.
If the empirical formula for a compound is C3H8, which of the following are possible molecular formulas? Select all that apply.
C3H8 C6H16
Cyclohexane consists of 6 atoms of carbon and 12 atoms of hydrogen. What is cyclohexane's molecular formula?
C6H12
A molecule of pentene consists of 5 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms. What is pentene's empirical formula?
CH2
Which of the following is the chemical symbol for carbon monoxide? The carbon monoxide compound contains one carbon and one oxygen atom.
CO
Molecules of glucose (blood sugar) contain 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms. What are the molecular and empirical formulas of glucose?
Molecular formula, C2H4O; empirical formula, C8H16O4 The molecular formula must indicate the exact number of each type of atom in a molecule of that substance (6 for carbon; 12 for hydrogen; 6 for oxygen). The empirical formula must feature the smallest, whole-number ratio of the constituent elements. The simplest form of 6:12:6 is 1:2:1. FEEDBACK
Sulfur hexafluoride consists of 1 sulfur atom and 6 atoms of fluorine. What is sulfur hexafluoride's molecular formula?
Sf6
Which formula tells us the most about a molecule?
The structural formula tells us more than either the molecular formula or empirical formula, because a structural formula contains the information from a molecular and empirical formula in addition to showing the connections of atoms in the molecule.
Molecules that have the same structural formula will have the same:
They will have the same empirical, molecular, and structural formulas, and they will have the same molecular masses.
What would one use to find out how the atoms in a molecule are oriented in three-dimensional space?
ball and stick model
When depicting a molecule using the structural formula, the lines represent:
bonds
What do the lines connecting the atoms in the structural formula for butane represent?
chemical bonds
Which formula for a compound is based on the actual number of atoms within the compound?
molecular formula
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas are called:
structural isomers
What does the "2" represent in the formula for a water molecule (H2O)?
that there are two hydrogen atoms
